Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics最新文献

{"title":"A Review on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative stress due to Complex-Ⅰ in Parkinson Disease","authors":"V. N. Kumar Babu, N. Khurana","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00031","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the common physical movement disorder, and it is 2nd most progressive widespread neurodegenerative disorder all over the world, and it is reported that and essential 10 million, over 0.3 % of the total world population. A thoughtful reduction of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) in the striatum is the main cause of these motor symptoms, collectively known as parkinsonism. Mitochondria serves as most important organelle in most of the cells and are essential for life and it is also called as heart for all cellular metabolisms. The main and most important role of mitochondria is generation of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. In this study will study about how complex Ⅰ deficiency effects the mitochondrial and oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species which cause mitochondrial dysfunction and we also study emerging therapies for Parkinson disease with the help of coenzyme Q10 and some genes like FUN-14, FUNDC-1 and dimethyl fumarate or BG-12 in some phases of clinical trials and also by cell transplantation therapy and in future this study helps in finding how this sporadic Parkinson disease occurs in parkinsonism.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80505908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Anti-Parkinson’s profile of\u0000Mucuna pruriens","authors":"Pranali Kurund, Swathi Gandla","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00025","url":null,"abstract":"Mucuna pruriens is a recognized herbal drug which contains numerous pharmacological activities. Mucuna pruriens commonly known as cow-age or cowitch or velvet bean or Alkushi. Mucuna pruriens has been traditionally used as a food source in a number of countries. It belongs to the Mucuna genus of Fabaceae family and it is cultivated in Asia, America, Africa, and the Pacific Islands. Mucuna pruriens is used in India since 1500 B.C. it contains various important phytoconstituents which are for medicinal purposes. Pods of Mucuna pruriens are used as a vegetable for human consumption. Its fresh leaves are used as animal fodder. Mucuna contains various species, 130 species of Mucuna are metioned in this review. The present review is an attempt to provide all the reported details of information regarding to the Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Anti-Parkinson’s Profile of Mucuna pruriens.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88422237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Adverse effects or side effects of Remdisivir","authors":"Ganesh G. Dhakad, Rohit V. Patil, Tejas I. Chaudhari, Paresh A. Patil","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00030","url":null,"abstract":"In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the spread of SARS-CoV-2 a global pandemic. To date, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread to over 200 countries, leading to over 1.6 million cases and over 99,000 deaths. Given that there is neither a vaccine nor proven treatment for COVID-19, there is currently an urgent need for effective pharmacotherapy. To address the need for an effective treatment of SARS-CoV-2 during the worldwide pandemic, this systematic review of intravenous (IV) remdesivir was performed. Remdesivir, an anti-viral prodrug originally developed to treat Ebola virus disease, has shown broad spectrum activity against the Coronavirus family. A recent case report reported improvement of clinical symptoms with remdesivir in a patient with COVID-19. After conducting a systematic search of 18 clinical trial registries and three large scientific databases, we identified 86 potentially eligible items. Following removal of duplicates (n = 21), eligible studies were reviewed independently by two authors. After the first round of screening, inter-rater agreement was 98.5% (κ = 0.925). After the second round of full-text screening, inter-rater agreement was 100%. A total of seven ongoing and recruiting clinical trials of remdesivir (100–200 milligrams, intravenous [IV]) were included. We identified the following primary outcomes: patients discharged (n = 2); time to clinical status improvement (n = 2); improved O2 saturation (n = 2); body temperature normalization (n = 2); and clinical status (n = 1). Secondary outcomes in all identified studies included documentation of adverse events. Phase 3 trials are expected to be completed between April 2020–2023. Therefore, despite supportive data from in vitro and in vivo studies, the clinical effectiveness of IV remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19 and potential side effects remain incompletely defined in the human population. But the remdesivir is also harmful for the people because of it can have some side effects such as mentioned in the following information. There are so many type of disease started form the treatment of COVID-19 with the Remdesivir that also mentioned in the following review paper.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83245359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pharmacological Study of Antidiabetatic Property of Ficus racemosa Leaves by Observing Different Aspects","authors":"Prasad. J. Rodge, Irfan Sayyed, Vitthal Bhosle, R. S. Jain, Azam Z. Shaikh","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00032","url":null,"abstract":"Ficus racemosa is belong to the family of Moraceae.It is a famous medicinal plant in India which is used in traditional system of medicine for long period of time for the treatment of various diseases like liver disorder, diarrhora, inflamatory condition, ulcer, urinary disorder, antifungal and diabetics. This plant is very useful from ancient time of maintained in Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathy. Plant are one of the most important role/source in medicine. The commen name of Ficus racemosa is “Audumber” and “Umbar”. In Thervada Buddhism the plant is said to have as the tree for achived enlightenment by the 26th Loard Buddha, Konaagama. This udumbara is deciduous tree. The more information is described below and the people are moving towards ayurvedic preprations.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87581978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Short Review on study on different Clinical trials Performed on drugs before it Comes into The Market","authors":"G. Y. Pawar, Rushikesh R. Chaudhari, T. N. Sonawane, J. S. Desale, Suraj. K. Ishikar","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00027","url":null,"abstract":"To study the topic we have used the detail study of various phases of clinical trials to support the topic, after the study we evaluated the various information that has been gathered. Although our paper describe the detail study, objectives behind the study, outcomes conclusion of clinical study. In our study are found that How the drug comes in the market and what are the various phases through which the drug has to cross. In our study we also understood that without the involvement of animals clinical trials won't be further conducted Through graphs one can easily understand the overviews of clinical trials study. Other supportive points like. \u0000Types of clinical trials\u0000Significance\u0000Rate of pharmacist in clinical trials\u0000Have been highlighted to support our article.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82184940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptogenic Agents - Proper Channel for Health","authors":"P. ShahaA., Meera Deshmukh, Pranati Tilak","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00022","url":null,"abstract":"Stress causes aging of majority of people in India which has impact on overall personal development, economic status, social and clinical aspect of an individual. Stress and aging causes less life period that should be considered as a threat with respect to family. It causes unsatisfaction during life period of individual. It is a necessity and challenging to treat this disorder using herbal adaptogenic agents. This article presents causes of stress, the medicinal herbs as adaptogens, the marketed formulation of adaptogens and successive findings through it.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73801182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriology of wound infections and Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the Isolates","authors":"V. N., Ashli Raj V, Nisharani Ss, Li Al, Chandini S, S. R","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00017","url":null,"abstract":"Wound infection has always been a major complication of surgery and trauma. The aim of our study was to determine the bacteriology of wound infections and to study the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates. The study was conducted in tertiary care hospital, Erode. The design of the study was a prospective type. Pus swabs / specimens were collected from hospitalized patients who developed wound infections. Bacterial pathogens were identified by conventional biochemical methods according to standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed on Muller – Hinton agar by the standard disk diffusion method. The incidence of wound infection was more common in males (63%) than in females (37%). Out of 100 culture positive samples, 61 samples were collected from diabetic ulcer patients, 20 samples were from ulcer patients, and 19 samples were from post operative patients. Of the 100 samples (culture positive), 71% collected samples showed mono-microbial growth, 29% showed two type of microbial growth. The prevalence of S. aureus (62.87%) from different wound infections was found to be high, followed by E.coli (48.65%), Klebsiella (30.21%), Pseudomonas (22.16%). Organisms showed diversity in the sensitivity pattern towards the antibiotics tested. High level of sensitivity was observed to Imipenem, Piperacillin tazobactum and Amikacin. High level of resistance was observed to Cephalosporins and Penicillin derivatives. We concluded that the sensitivity pattern of the antibiotics is not based on the infection site but on the type of organisms. This study gives us an insight to the current state of causative pathogens and their sensitivity to different antibiotics used in tertiary care hospital, Erode. The data of this study may be used to determine trends in antimicrobial susceptibilities and to modify antibiotic policy of the Hospital.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83077184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remodeling in the Prefrontal Cortex of a Brain-related to Higher Executive Functions in Adolescence: Its effects on Behavior","authors":"T. Nwe, S. Aye, K. Yee, S. Lwin, V. Bhagat","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00021","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescence is a critical stage of the developmental trajectory, where a child’s transition to independent living may result in healthy or unhealthy styles. During this period, it is easier to mend an individual as a healthy adult; at the same time, misguided children may enter into risky behaviors. The aim of the study to get an insight into changing brains of adolescents and their behavioral outcomes. The current review search engine proceeds with reviewing the literature in the past through electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases using keywords such as adolescent stage, the brain of teenagers, risk behaviors, reduction in gray matter in the prefrontal cortex. The current study reviewed and analyzed 20 articles. The reviewed articles would increase the awareness and insights regarding brain changes and their behavioral outcomes. This insightful information’s drawn out of the study may help professionals and parents who intervene the adolescent’s problem behaviors.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83506070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucormycosis","authors":"Mahesh Babasaheb Kolap, Abhijeet Vijay Dashwant","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-323-37677-8.50071-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-37677-8.50071-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75618169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness regarding Antibiotic Stewardship among nurses at selected hospitals, Chennai","authors":"Manju Sudhakar, Sasikala Dhakshinamoorthy","doi":"10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2321-5836.2021.00018","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antibiotics are medicines that fight bacterial infections. They can save lives if they are used correctly, but nowadays antibiotic resistance has become a real problem.1 Infections by resistant microorganisms do not respond treatment, which prolongs the hospital stay, and increases the risk of death. Moreover, if the treatment fails or if the response to treatment is slow, the patient is contagious for longer, which increases the likelihood of transmission of resistant microorganisms.2 The clinical outcome can be improved with optimization of antibiotic practices. The aim of the study was to assess the level of awareness regarding Antibiotic stewardship among nurses. Methods andMaterials: A cross sectional descriptive correlational research design was adopted to assess the awareness of nurses on antibiotic stewardship. An extensive review of literature and guidance from the experts formed the foundation to the development of the tools such as demographic variables proforma, MCQ questionnaire on antibiotic stewardship in google form. The present study was conducted in selected tertiary care center at Chennai, among 60 nurses selected by purposive sampling technique. After obtaining setting permission and research participants’ consent, a brief introduction of the research was given. Then the data were collected using the predetermined tools through email using google forms. The collected data were organized and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: More than half of nurses had adequate overall knowledge on antibiotic stewardship (55%), majority of them had adequate knowledge in antibiotic treatment (60%) and nurses’ responsibility (63.33%). Around half of them had adequate knowledge in drug related side effects (46.67%) and its causative agents (50%). Conclusion: The present study reveals the necessity for continuous nursing education for knowledge update regarding importance of nurses regarding antibiotic stewardship.","PeriodicalId":20945,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics","volume":"247 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75428919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}