Reproductive Health最新文献

{"title":"Shifting participatory approach when ideology meets reality: a grounded theory study based on project leaders' experiences with peer-led sex education programs for and by persons with intellectual disabilities and/or autism.","authors":"B Nelson, M Emmelin, A Agardh, L Löfgren, M Stafström","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01975-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01975-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explored peer-led sex education for individuals with intellectual disabilities and/or autism (ID/ASD) from the perspective of project leaders within Swedish non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The purpose of this Grounded Theory study was to develop a conceptual model that characterizes the ways in which peer-led sex education is implemented by Swedish NGOs. This was done by exploring what the concept of peer-led sex education means to NGO project leaders, and how they experience, explain and reason about the application of peer education in their daily operations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study conducted 12 qualitative in-depth interviews with project leaders working with peer-led sex education initiatives. Grounded Theory enabled the construction of a conceptual model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified the core category, \"Shifting participatory approach when ideology meets reality,\" encapsulating project leaders' experiences in managing peer-led sex education programs. Three distinct approaches were discerned: (1) The Radical approach, where project leaders prioritize empowerment and norm criticism, striving to create an inclusive and equitable environment for individuals with ID/ASD. This approach resonates with Paulo Freire's pedagogy of the oppressed, emphasizing liberation through education. (2) The Pragmatic approach, which navigates the tension between ideology and pragmatism, recognizing the co-dependency between project leaders and persons with ID/ASD. External pressures from funders and the requirements to achieve tangible project outcomes inform this approach. (3) The Skeptical approach, which exhibits caution, doubting the capabilities and willingness of individuals with ID/ASD to challenge societal norms and work equally with people without ID/ASD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings underscore the complexity of peer-led sex education programs and highlight the need for a balanced approach that addresses both ideological aspirations and practical constraints. Empowerment and norm criticism are central to fostering agency and challenging oppressive systems. However, the pragmatic realities of project management and external pressures necessitate a delicate balance. Understanding these diverse approaches can inform the design of more effective initiatives, ultimately contributing to sexual and reproductive health and rights of individuals with ID/ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and factors associated with unmet need for contraception among women in Ghana.","authors":"Yaw Marfo Okyere, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Ebenezer N K Boateng, Joshua Okyere, Augustus Osborne, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah","doi":"10.1186/s12978-024-01935-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-024-01935-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unmet need for contraception is a significant public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa, affecting over 20% of women. We assessed the spatial distribution and factors associated with unmet need for contraception among women in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in Ghana, and data was extracted from the 2022 Demographic and Health Survey. A weighted sample of 7762 women who were either married or cohabiting and aged 16-49 years was included in the study. Multilevel regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with unmet need for contraception. The results were presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their respective 95% confidence interval (CI). Spatial analysis using GetisOrd G hotspot and cluster and outlier analyses were employed to examine the patterns of unmet need for contraception at the district level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of unmet need for contraception among the women was 26.7% [25.3-28.2]. The hotspot districts for a high unmet need for contraception in Ghana were West Mamprusi Municipal, Mamprugu Moagduri, East Mamprusi Municipal, Yunyoo-Nasuan, and East Gonja Municipal. Women's age was associated with a lower likelihood of unmet need for contraception with the lowest odds among those aged 35-39 years [AOR = 0.31, 95%CI = 0.18, 0.53] compared with those aged 16-19. Working women [AOR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.60, 0.91] and those who heard family planning messages at community meetings [AOR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.70, 0.99] had lower odds of unmet need for contraception compared to those who were not working and those who did not hear family planning messages at community meetings.  Cohabiting women [AOR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.01, 1.53] and those from female-headed households [AOR = 1.36, 95%CI = 1.13, 1.63] were more likely to have unmet need for contraception relative to their married counterparts and those from male-headed households, respectively. Parity was associated with unmet need for contraception, with the highest likelihood reported among women with four or more births [AOR = 6.47, 95%CI = 3.99, 10.48] compared to nulliparous women. Women residing in Greater Accra, Volta, Eastern and Bono East regions had higher odds of unmet need for contraception than those in the Western region, with the highest odds among those in Greater Accra [AOR = 2.38, 95%CI = 1.52, 3.72].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study has shown that there are regional and district variations in the unmet need for contraception among women in Ghana. Improving access to and availability of contraceptive methods, particularly in hotspot districts in the northern parts of Ghana, is crucial. Targeted interventions for specific age groups, empowerment of women through employment, and the promotion of shared decision-making are recommended strategies to reduce the unmet need for contraception and enhance reproductive health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and awareness of female sexual and reproductive health and rights and intimate partner violence in the Fako Division, Cameroon.","authors":"Nkongho Nchong Achere, Sylvester Ndeso Atanga, Thomas Obinchemti Egbe, Tendongfor Nicholas","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01974-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01974-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interventions towards ending intimate partner violence (IPV) and female sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) violation are more successful when the prevalence amongst females, and awareness level of these rights amongst males and females are known. This fosters a compounding holistic impact on women's health and wellbeing throughout the rest of their lives.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the prevalence of IPV and SRHR violation amongst females and the awareness of IPV and female SRHR amongst males and females in the Fako Division, Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional community-based quantitative study design was used to collect data from participants in Limbe and Buea health districts of the Fako Division. Participants were selected through a multistage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on IPV from 860 female participants and on the awareness of SRHR from 1487 male and female participants. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 26. Factors associated with the number of IPV experienced by females and awareness of IPV and SRHR were identified using poison and logistic regression models respectively. Awareness of IPV and SRHR among males and females was compared using a Chi squared test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 860 females surveyed, 818 (95.1%) and 556 (64.7%) have experienced at least one form of IPV and SRHR violation respectively. Factors independently associated with the number of times IPV was experienced included being an internally displaced person (p = 0.004, IRR = 1.38), unskilled (p = 0.001, IRR = 1.48), divorced (p < 0.001, IRR = 3.09), widowed (p < 0.001, IRR = 0.08) and earning a lower income (p = 0.003, IRR = 0.72). In addition to having a lower level of education, the associated factors were similar to the prevalence of SRHR violation experienced. Both males (85.5%, 83%) and females (85%, 87%) had a high awareness level of IPV and female SRHR. Amongst the factors associated with IPV awareness, level of education was significant in both females and males (p = 0.015, 0.038 respectively) and having a skilled job was significant (p = 0.003) with female SRHR awareness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that though both males and females have a high awareness level of IPV and SRHR, the prevalence of IPV and SRHR violation amongst females is still very high. Male-directed education aimed at promoting behaviour change that fosters respect of women's rights, changes harmful social norms and engages men as champions of female SRHR and ending IPV will likely decrease the prevalence of IPV and female SRHR violation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The thought that i could continue with school got lost: a qualitative exploration of the impact of COVID-19 on the education and sexual and reproductive health of Malawi youth.","authors":"Elikem Togo, Tawonga W Mwase-Vuma, Chrissie Thakwalakwa, Elizabeth Millar, Milissa Markiewicz, Esme Kadzamira, Janine J Kayange, Dadirai Mkombe, Jessica Fehringer","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01972-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01972-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns altered social interactions and the health and education context of Malawian youth. It is important to understand the repercussions of the pandemic on the wellbeing of youth so that policymakers can better mitigate negative outcomes and address future pandemic needs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used qualitative data from an evaluation of the \"Secondary Education Expansion for Development\" project to assess how COVID-19 impacted the education and sexual and reproductive health outcomes of youth in Malawi. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted in rural and urban areas with primary and secondary school students, their caregivers and teachers, and community leaders, providing insights on how the pandemic impacted them.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both male and female students lost motivation to continue their learning during the COVID-19 related school closures and teacher strikes. Participants reported that some female students became pregnant, married early, and sometimes engaged in sex work to make ends meet. There were also reports of increased financial barriers to sending children to school when they reopened, and there were reports of lower grades and poorer quality of teaching post-school closures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight the need for community- and policy-level strategies to mitigate interruptions to students' schooling and protect them from outcomes like pregnancy and early marriage that could further hinder their education.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11884066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-blind, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial of dexamethasone 4, 5 and 6 mg for preventing adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes in very preterm to late preterm pregnancies between 29 ⁰ and 36 ⁶ weeks of gestation: study protocol.","authors":"Saifon Chawanpaiboon, Punnanee Wutthigate, Sanitra Anuwutnavin, Sureelak Sutchritpongsa","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01965-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01965-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Premature birth poses significant health challenges, including respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Corticosteroids reduce the incidence of RDS, but higher dexamethasone doses may lead to adverse neonatal outcomes, such as growth restriction and neurodevelopmental issues. Determining the appropriate dose is crucial to balance efficacy and safety. Dexamethasone is inexpensive and widely available in most low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of 4-mg, 5-mg and 6-mg dexamethasone in preventing RDS among preterm infants. This trial aims to determine whether lower dexamethasone doses are as effective as the standard dose in preventing RDS in preterm infants. By assessing efficacy and potential adverse outcomes, this study will provide critical insights for optimizing treatment protocols and improving neonatal care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized controlled trial will include pregnant women with gestational ages between 29⁰ and 36⁶ weeks admitted to Siriraj Hospital and three secondary centres in Thailand. The participants will be randomly assigned to receive intramuscular dexamethasone at 4 mg, 5 mg or 6 mg, which will be administered every 12 h for a total of four doses over 48 h. The same dose will be used for rescue or repeat courses. The primary outcome will be the incidence of RDS, defined by clinical criteria and confirmed by a neonatologist. The secondary outcomes will include other adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study requires 1,560 participants, accounting for a 15% loss to follow-up. The data will be analysed via descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests for categorical data, and one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests for continuous data. An independent Data Safety Monitoring Board will conduct interim analyses every 3 months to ensure participant safety and study integrity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This trial addresses the gap in research regarding optimal dexamethasone dosing for preventing RDS in preterm infants. The study will provide evidence on whether lower doses of dexamethasone (4 and 5 mg) are as effective as the standard 6-mg dose and will examine their potential adverse outcomes. The results will guide adjustments to medical practice guidelines, aiming to align them with clinical practices while ensuring safety and efficacy. Trial registration page https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/export/pdf/TCTR20220511003 10/05/2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association analysis of maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and offspring asthma incidence.","authors":"Lili Bao, Yuan Liu, Yuhong Zhang, Qian Qian, Yifen Wang, Wei Li, Yanyan Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01967-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01967-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Air pollution has a significant negative impact on human health. Pregnant mothers and children are typical susceptible groups, and environmental exposure has a crucial impact on children's health. We established a childhood asthma cohort to analyze the factors influencing the development of asthma in offspring, with a focus on prenatal exposure to air pollutants. The goal was to explore potential early preventive measures to reduce the incidence of childhood asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nested case-control study included mothers who were registered and delivered at Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between 2015 and 2018, covering pre-pregnancy, first, second, and third trimesters. Children diagnosed with asthma before the age of four were included in the asthma group. To assess environmental exposure, we gathered data from 29 national and provincial air pollution monitoring stations and 16 meteorological monitoring sites in Lianyungang and surrounding areas. We used spatial interpolation with inverse distance weighting (IDW) to estimate individual exposure to air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM_2.5, PM₁₀), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and ozone (O₃). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between maternal exposure during pregnancy and the risk of childhood asthma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 292 mother-child pairs in the asthma group and 1423 mother-child pairs in the healthy control group were included. The second (AOR = 1.04, 95%CI 1.01-1.06) and whole gestation (AOR = 1.06, 95%CI 1.03-1.10) exposure to PM_2.5 was associated with higher odds of childhood-onset asthma. Exposure during the third trimester (AOR = 1.02, 95%CI 1.01-1.03) and whole gestation (AOR = 1.02, 95%CI 1.01-1.04) of PM₁₀ was associated with higher odds of childhood-onset asthma. The first (AOR = 1.06, 95%CI 1.02-1.09) and second (AOR = 0.95, 95%CI 0.92-0.98) trimesters exposure to NO₂ was associated with higher and lower odds of childhood-onset asthma, respectively. SO₂ whole pregnancy exposure (AOR = 1.04, 95%CI 1.01-1.07) was associated with higher odds of childhood-onset asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and SO₂ during pregnancy can lead to an elevated risk of childhood asthma. Reducing or avoiding exposure to pollutants during pregnancy can reduce the incidence of childhood asthma. We should protect the environment and reduce the harm of environmental pollution to health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contraceptive decision-making and its association with contraceptive use among married adolescent girls in Niger.","authors":"Jay G Silverman, Shweta Tomar, Mohamad I Brooks, Sani Aliou, Nicole E Johns, Sneha Challa, Holly Baker Shakya, Sabrina C Boyce, Anita Raj","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01962-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01962-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Niger has among the highest rates of child marriage and lowest rates of modern contraceptive use in the world. This study analyzes the association between contraceptive decision-making and contraceptive use among married adolescent girls in rural Niger, including multiple assessments of decision-making and consideration of overt vs. covert contraceptive use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed cross-sectional survey data collected from married adolescent females (n = 823) participating in the third round of data collection (October-November 2019) for the cluster-randomized controlled trial of a family planning intervention study. Contraceptive decision-making measures assessed participants' (a) participation in contraceptive decision-making, (b) final say in decision-making in case of spousal disagreement, and (c) satisfaction with participation in decision-making. Outcomes include contraceptive use ever categorized based on whether use was overt (with husband's knowledge) or covert (without husband's knowledge). Adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were used to test the associations between each decision-making item and each type of contraceptive use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over half of participants reported ever using a contraceptive (59%) and that their husbands were the sole decision-makers regarding contraceptive use (60%). Adolescents' participation in decision-making was negatively associated with overt contraceptive use (ARRR = 0.41; 95%CI = 0.19-0.91) and positively associated with covert contraceptive use (ARRR = 8.76; 95%CI = 2.45-31.30). Women reporting joint decision-making were more likely to report covert use vs. no use (ARRR = 3.20; 95%CI = 1.14-8.99). Women having final say in contraceptive decision-making in case of disagreements were more likely to report covert contraceptive use over no use (ARRR = 9.14; 95%CI = 3.17-26.40). Women's satisfaction with decision-making was positively associated with contraceptive use ever (AOR = 2.72; 95%CI = 1.80-4.16), and overt (ARRR = 2.68; 95%CI = 1.75-4.01) and covert contraceptive use (ARRR = 10.9; 95%CI = 2.16-54.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Male control over decision-making and female satisfaction with decision-making are associated with greater contraceptive use. Findings indicate that women's control over decision-making, and its relation to contraceptive use, is complex and requires more nuanced understanding for married adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of essential newborn care practices among mothers. A descriptive cross-sectional study in a peri-urban community, Ghana.","authors":"Ruth Nimota Nukpezah, Kennedy Diema Konlan","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01968-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01968-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Promoting essential newborn care practices is one of the effective approaches to improving child health outcomes, especially in low-resource areas. This study aims to assess the determinants of essential newborn care practices among mothers in a peri-urban community in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive community-based cross-sectional study design used 280 mothers within the Kukuo community in the Tamale metropolis selected through convenience sampling technique. A pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was entered into EpiData version 3.1 and cleaned before being imported into IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26.0 for analysis. The univariate chi-square test and t-test statistic were used to determine the likelihood of practising essential newborn care among mothers. Statistically significant statistics at p-value ≤ 0.05 were modelled using multivariable regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mothers (77.2%) identified the immediate care given to a newborn as essential newborn care. The study revealed that mothers had good knowledge (50.7%) and good practices (60.7%) of essential newborn care. Mothers between the ages of 25-29 years (AOR 1.18; 95%CI 0.35-4.01), had tertiary education or above (AOR = 5.2; 95%CI 1.36-18.49), and traders (AOR = 1.41; 95%CI 0.45-4.42) were more likely to practice good essential new-born care than their counterpart. Also, having good knowledge of ENBC (AOR = 11.57, 95%CI 5.21-25.70) and knowing danger signs in newborns (AOR = 4.62, 95%CI 2.26-9.45) was significantly associated with essential new-born care practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study's outcome revealed that mothers had adequate knowledge of essential newborn care, appropriately identified the danger signs in newborns, and practised good essential newborn care. Interventions to improve newborn care must segregate mothers and target specific client knowledge as significant differences were found based on knowledge, education level, and employment type.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics of infertility, 1990-2021, and 15-year forecasts: an analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Jiale Feng, Qingguo Wu, Yangbing Liang, Yiwen Liang, Qin Bin","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01966-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01966-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Infertility, defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse, affects approximately 186 million people globally, with consistent prevalence across different income levels. Globally, the rising infertility rates are impacting population growth and individual quality of life. Infertility is not just a personal issue but also a public health concern, with social and economic implications, including stigmatization, marital discord, and mental strain. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated mental health issues among individuals with infertility, underscoring the need for research into the mental health impacts and access to fertility services. Economically, infertility poses a significant financial burden, especially in regions where Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) costs can be up to 200% of the GDP per capita. Understanding the complexities and spread of infertility is essential for guiding policy decisions and program rollouts, with studies analyzing infertility issues based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study leverages data from the GBD 2021, encompassing 371 conditions or injuries and 88 risk factors across 204 nations. It examines prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) for infertility, categorized by sex, age, regions, and nations. The Social and Demographic Index (SDI), reflecting socio-economic levels, is used to analyze its correlation with infertility burden. The study employs decomposition analysis and frontier analysis methods to assess changes in infertility prevalence and DALYs, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient to confirm relationships between age-standardized rates (ASRs) and SDI. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of rates, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), was calculated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In 2021, it was calculated that the global ASPR for male infertility stood at 1354.76 cases per 100,000 individuals, with a 95% Uncertainty Interval ranging from 802.12 to 2174.77 cases per 100,000 individuals. For female infertility, the ASPR was recorded at 2764.62 per 100,000 individuals (95% UI: 1476.33-4862.57 per 100,000 individuals). Between 1990 and 2021, the EAPC in ASPR was observed to be 0.5% (95% CI 0.36-0.64) for males and 0.7% (95% CI 0.53-0.87) for females. In that same year, the global ASDR attributed to male infertility was 7.84 per 100,000 individuals (95% UI: 2.85-18.56 per 100,000 individuals), while for female infertility, it amounted to 15.12 per 100,000 individuals (95% UI: 5.35-36.88 per 100,000 individuals). The EAPC for ASDR linked to male and female infertility from 1990 to 2021 was assessed at 0.51% (95% CI 0.38-0.65) and 0.71% (95% CI 0.54-0.88), respectively. Among the 204 countries and territories in 2021, India ranked first in both the prevalence","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent-adolescent sexual and reproductive health information communication in Ghana.","authors":"Frank Bediako Agyei, Doreen K Kaura, Janet D Bell","doi":"10.1186/s12978-025-01961-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12978-025-01961-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A culturally sensitive sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information communication intervention which is effective can improve SRH information communication (IC) between parents and their adolescents. This facilitates adolescents' informed SRH decisions to optimise positive SRH outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this article was to integrate the findings from a systematic review and a qualitative study on sexual and reproductive health information communication and the considerations to make in adapting an effective parent-adolescent SRH information communication intervention from the systematic review findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Explanatory sequential Mixed Methods Research was used; first, a quantitative Systematic Review was conducted in lower-and-middle-income countries, utilising Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) software for reviews. The systematic review findings were then explained, utilizing an exploratory qualitative design in the second phase of the study. A purposive sample of ten parent-adolescent pairs was selected from Asante Akyem North Municipality of Ghana and all participants were interviewed individually. The sample was based on the demographics highlighted in the systematic review. A semi-structured interview guide was developed from the findings of the systematic review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results confirmed that effective SRH information communication interventions are associated with parent-adolescent SRH information communication skills. SRH communication is also influenced by the SRH information parents and adolescents have and the personal and social motivation to communicate the information. The method of intervention delivery, the experts involved, and the place of delivery were also identified as important issues to consider in adapting and implementing an intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study has provided information on the components of a culturally sensitive SRH information communication intervention. The contextual information gathered, which explained the systematic review findings, will be helpful in the adaptation of SRH information communication intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20899,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}