Quantum Science and Technology最新文献_第4页

Leveraging quantum statistics to enhance heat engines 利用量子统计来增强热机

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/ae01d3

Keerthy Menon, Thomas Busch and Thomás Fogarty

{"title":"Leveraging quantum statistics to enhance heat engines","authors":"Keerthy Menon, Thomas Busch and Thomás Fogarty","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/ae01d3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ae01d3","url":null,"abstract":"A key focus of designing quantum thermal devices is the potential advantage that can be gleaned from genuine quantum effects when compared to classical devices. The recent experimental realization of the Pauli engine (Koch et al 2023 Nature621 723)—where energy is extracted via changes in particle statistics as an alternative to conventional heat sources—has opened new avenues of research where quantum statistics can be considered as a thermodynamic resource. In this work we propose hybrid quantum heat engines which can utilize additional strokes that change the single particle statistics between bosonic and fermionic descriptions during the cycle. To accomplish this we consider the 1D Lieb–Liniger gas, in which the s-wave interactions can be tuned between the non-interacting and the hard-core limit, which are described by bosonic and fermionic statistics respectively. We show that by suitably choosing where to implement these statistical strokes during an Otto-like cycle in the quasi-static limit, the efficiency and work output can be significantly enhanced when compared to fully bosonic or fully fermionic engines. Furthermore, in the degenerate regime our engine can operate at the Carnot efficiency, due to the interplay between the different contributions of heat and work induced by the statistical strokes. Finally, we highlight how our thermodynamic cycles can realize other thermal operations, such as refrigerators, promising similar statistical enhancements for a wide range of temperatures.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cavity polariton blockade for non-local entangling gates with trapped atoms 具有被困原子的非局域纠缠门的腔极化子封锁

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adfd79

Vineesha Srivastava, Sven Jandura, Gavin K Brennen and Guido Pupillo

引用次数: 0

Experimental realization of deterministic and selective photon addition in a bosonic mode assisted by an ancillary qubit 辅助量子比特辅助下玻色子模式下确定性和选择性光子加法的实验实现

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/ae0519

Marina Kudra, Martin Jirlow, Mikael Kervinen, Axel M Eriksson, Fernando Quijandría, Per Delsing, Tahereh Abad and Simone Gasparinetti

{"title":"Experimental realization of deterministic and selective photon addition in a bosonic mode assisted by an ancillary qubit","authors":"Marina Kudra, Martin Jirlow, Mikael Kervinen, Axel M Eriksson, Fernando Quijandría, Per Delsing, Tahereh Abad and Simone Gasparinetti","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/ae0519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ae0519","url":null,"abstract":"Bosonic quantum error correcting codes are primarily designed to protect against single-photon loss. To correct for this type of error, one can encode the logical qubit in code spaces with a definite photon parity, such as cat codes or binomial codes. Error correction requires a recovery operation that maps the error states—which have opposite parity—back onto the code space. Here, we realize a collection of photon-number-selective, simultaneous photon addition operations on a bosonic mode, a microwave cavity, assisted by a superconducting qubit. These operations are implemented as two-photon transitions that excite the cavity and the qubit at the same time. The additional degree of freedom of the qubit makes it possible to implement a coherent, unidirectional mapping between spaces of opposite photon parity. We present the successful experimental implementation of the drives and the phase control they enable on superpositions of Fock states. The presented technique, when supplemented with qubit reset, is suitable for autonomous quantum error correction in bosonic systems and, more generally, opens the possibility to realize a range of non-unitary transformations on a bosonic mode.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid discrimination strategy in quantum communication based on photon-number-resolving detectors and mesoscopic twin-beam states 基于光子数分辨探测器和介观双光束态的量子通信混合鉴别策略

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/ae05c3

Luca Razzoli, Alex Pozzoli and Alessia Allevi

{"title":"Hybrid discrimination strategy in quantum communication based on photon-number-resolving detectors and mesoscopic twin-beam states","authors":"Luca Razzoli, Alex Pozzoli and Alessia Allevi","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/ae05c3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ae05c3","url":null,"abstract":"State discrimination is a key challenge in the implementation of quantum communication protocols. Most optical communication protocols rely on either coherent states of light or fragile single-photon states, making it often difficult to achieve robustness and security simultaneously. In this work, we propose a hybrid strategy that operates in the mesoscopic intensity regime, leveraging robust quantum states of light. Our approach combines classical and quantum features: reliable state discrimination based on a classical property of light, and security stemming from nonclassical correlations. Specifically, the receiver uses photon-number-resolving detectors to access the mean photon number of the binary thermal signals encoding the information. The communication channel exploits twin-beam states, inherently sensitive to eavesdropping attacks, to provide a layer of security. This strategy is scalable, allowing for straightforward extension to more complex signal alphabets, and offers a promising route for robust and secure quantum communication in the mesoscopic intensity domain.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Typical machine learning datasets as low-depth quantum circuits 典型的机器学习数据集是低深度量子电路

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/ae0123

Florian J Kiwit, Bernhard Jobst, Andre Luckow, Frank Pollmann and Carlos A Riofrío

{"title":"Typical machine learning datasets as low-depth quantum circuits","authors":"Florian J Kiwit, Bernhard Jobst, Andre Luckow, Frank Pollmann and Carlos A Riofrío","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/ae0123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/ae0123","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum machine learning (QML) is an emerging field that investigates the capabilities of quantum computers for learning tasks. While QML models can theoretically offer advantages such as exponential speed-ups, challenges in data loading and the ability to scale to relevant problem sizes have prevented demonstrations of such advantages on practical problems. In particular, the encoding of arbitrary classical data into quantum states usually comes at a high computational cost, either in terms of qubits or gate count. However, real-world data typically exhibits some inherent structure (such as image data) which can be leveraged to load them with a much smaller cost on a quantum computer. This work further develops an efficient algorithm for finding low-depth quantum circuits to load classical image data as quantum states. To evaluate its effectiveness, we conduct systematic studies on the MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, CIFAR-10, and Imagenette datasets. The corresponding circuits for loading the full large-scale datasets are available publicly as PennyLane datasets and can be used by the community for their own benchmarks. We further analyze the performance of various quantum classifiers, such as quantum kernel methods, parameterized quantum circuits, and tensor-network classifiers, and we compare them to convolutional neural networks. In particular, we focus on the performance of the quantum classifiers as we introduce nonlinear functions of the input state, e.g. by letting the circuit parameters depend on the input state.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Systematic nonuniform field effects in miniature atomic co-magnetometers 微型原子共磁仪的系统非均匀场效应

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adffb0

L M Ellis, M Jayaseelan, L M Rushton, J D Zipfel, P Bevington, B Steele, G Quick, W Chalupczak and V Guarrera

引用次数: 0

Electro-optic sampling of the electric-field operator for ultrabroadband pulses of Gaussian quantum light 高斯量子光超宽带脉冲电场算子的电光采样

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/ae00ed

Geehyun Yang, Sandeep Sharma and Andrey S Moskalenko

引用次数: 0

Spatial and pulse efficiency constraints in atom interferometric gravitational wave detectors 原子干涉引力波探测器的空间和脉冲效率约束

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adffb1

P Schach and E Giese

{"title":"Spatial and pulse efficiency constraints in atom interferometric gravitational wave detectors","authors":"P Schach and E Giese","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adffb1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adffb1","url":null,"abstract":"Currently planned and constructed terrestrial detectors for gravitational waves and dark matter based on differential light-pulse atom interferometry are designed around three primary strategies to enhance their sensitivity: (i) Resonant-mode enhancement using multiple diamonds, (ii) large-momentum-transfer (LMT) techniques to increase arm separation within the interferometer, and (iii) very-long baseline schemes that increase the distance between the two interferometers. Both resonant-mode enhancement and LMT techniques result in a greater number of light pulses, making high pulse fidelity during atom-light interactions imperative. At the same time, increasing the number of diamonds in vertical configurations leads to taller atomic fountains, which consequently reduces the available distance between interferometers. As a result, the number of diamonds, LMT pulses, and the fountain height are interdependent parameters that must be carefully balanced. In this work, we present optimal configurations for multi-diamond geometries in resonant mode, explicitly accounting for the spatial extent of a single interferometer, considering constraints imposed by the baseline dimensions and atomic losses due to imperfect pulses. For this optimization, we numerically scan the relevant parameters such as initial position and momentum of the atomic cloud, transferred momenta, and number of loops. For each parameter set, we verify whether the imposed conditions are met and evaluate the resulting sensitivities to identify optimal configurations. We provide practical analytical relations to estimate the optimal number of pulses that should be applied. Many proposals beyond demonstrator experiments require pulse numbers that demand efficiencies not yet demonstrated with state-of-the-art momentum transfer techniques. As a result, the observed sensitivity falls short of expectations—an effect caused by both arm separation and atom loss per pulse—highlighting the urgent need for research aimed at improving pulse fidelities.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Benchmarking a wide range of optimisers for solving the Fermi–Hubbard model using the variational quantum eigensolver 使用变分量子特征解算器对求解费米-哈伯德模型的广泛优化器进行基准测试

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adfe15

Benjamin D M Jones, Lana Mineh and Ashley Montanaro

{"title":"Benchmarking a wide range of optimisers for solving the Fermi–Hubbard model using the variational quantum eigensolver","authors":"Benjamin D M Jones, Lana Mineh and Ashley Montanaro","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adfe15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adfe15","url":null,"abstract":"We numerically benchmark 30 optimisers on 372 instances of the variational quantum eigensolver for solving the Fermi–Hubbard system with the Hamiltonian variational ansatz. We rank the optimisers with respect to metrics such as final energy achieved and function calls needed to get within a certain tolerance level, and find that the best-performing optimisers are variants of gradient descent such as Momentum and ADAM (using finite difference), SPSA, CMAES, and BayesMGD. We perform gradient analysis, and observe that the step size for finite difference has a very significant impact. We also consider using simultaneous perturbation (inspired by SPSA) as a gradient subroutine: here finite difference can lead to a more precise estimate of the ground state but uses more calls, whereas simultaneous perturbation can converge quicker but may be less precise in the later stages. Finally, we study the quantum natural gradient algorithm: we implement this method for one-dimensional Fermi–Hubbard systems, and find that whilst it can reach a lower energy with fewer iterations, this improvement is typically lost when taking total function calls into account. Our method involves performing careful hyperparameter sweeping on 4 instances. We present a variety of analysis and figures, detailed optimiser notes, and discuss future directions.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation tests of Gaussian boson samplers with photon-number resolving detectors 光子数分辨探测器高斯玻色子取样器的验证试验

IF 6.7 2区物理与天体物理

Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adfe16

Alexander S Dellios, Margaret D Reid and Peter D Drummond

{"title":"Validation tests of Gaussian boson samplers with photon-number resolving detectors","authors":"Alexander S Dellios, Margaret D Reid and Peter D Drummond","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adfe16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adfe16","url":null,"abstract":"An important challenge with the current generation of noisy, large-scale quantum computers is the question of validation. Does the hardware generate correct answers? If not, what are the errors? This issue is often combined with questions of computational advantage, but it is a fundamentally distinct issue. In current experiments, complete validation of the output statistics is generally not possible because it is exponentially hard to do so. Here, we apply phase-space simulation methods to partially verify recent experiments on Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) implementing photon-number resolving detectors. The positive-P phase-space distribution is employed, as it uses probabilistic sampling to reduce complexity. It is times faster than direct classical simulation for experiments on 288 modes where quantum computational advantage is claimed. When combined with binning and marginalization to improve statistics, multiple validation tests are efficiently computable, of which some tests can be carried out on experimental data. We show that the data as a whole has discrepancies with theoretical predictions for perfect squeezing. However, a modification of the GBS parameters greatly improves agreement for some tests. We suggest that such validation tests could form the basis of feedback methods to improve GBS experiments.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0