OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE最新文献

{"title":"Advanced Head-Up Display System for Closed Circuit Rebreathers","authors":"D. G. Gallagher","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962551","url":null,"abstract":"U.S. Navy Special Warfare (NSW) and Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Divers perform critical underwater missions while diving Closed Circuit Rebreather Underwater Breathing Apparatus (CCR-UBAs). Military CCR-UBAs are typically back-worn, electronically controlled, mixed gas diving systems with the oxygen in the diver's breathing gas mix monitored and controlled via a battery-powered electronic module. Two separate electronic visual displays monitor the status of the rebreather with oxygen and diluent bottle pressures monitored on two separate analog pressure gauges. The electronic visual displays are comprised of a primary display module (PDM) and a secondary display module (SDM). The PDM connects to the CCR-UBA electronics module via a cable and is a simple series of red and green light emitting diodes (LEDs) that alert the diver to any equipment malfunctions or warnings. The PDM attaches to the dive mask on the upper right or left side, or to the regulator slightly below the diver's normal field of vision. The SDM is an alphanumeric liquid crystal display (LCD) handset that displays detailed data on oxygen sensor voltages, and batteries' status. It connects to the CCR-UBA electronics module via a separate cable. Depth is monitored on a separate depth gauge. During dive missions in high turbidity and zero visibility conditions (which is very common in military dive missions), the diver is unable to see the critical information on the SDM, oxygen and diluent gauges, and the depth gauge. Under a project funded by the Combating Terrorism Technical Support Office (CTTSO), the Naval Surface Warfare Center-Panama City Division (NSWCPCD) developed two (2) concept prototype systems that fully integrate the critical CCR-UBA display data into a single head-up display capability, clearly visible by the NSW/EOD diver even in high turbidity and zero visibility conditions. The paper will describe the different design approaches taken for the two different prototype systems developed, use of additive manufacturing/3D printing to design and build the prototypes, the unique optical system design, and results of design reference mission testing by military divers.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115563525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow Maps and Coherent Sets for Characterizing Residence Times and Connectivity in Lagoons and Coral Reefs: The Case of the Red Sea","authors":"M. Doshi, C. S. Kulkarni, W. Ali, A. Gupta, Pierre FJ Lermusiaux, P. Zhan, I. Hoteit, O. Knio","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962643","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the dynamics and health of marine ecosystems such as lagoons and coral reefs as well as to understand the impact of human activities on these systems, it is imperative to predict the residence times of water masses and connectivity between ocean domains. In the present work, we consider the pristine lagoons and coral reefs of the Red Sea as an example of such sensitive ecosystems, with a large number of marine species, many of which are unique to the region. To study the residence times and connectivity patterns, we make use of recent advances in dynamic three-dimensional Lagrangian analyses using partial differential equations. Specifically, we extend and apply our novel efficient flow map composition scheme to predict the time needed for any particular water parcel to leave the domain of interest (i.e. a lagoon) as well as the time for any particular water parcel to enter that domain. These spatiotemporal residence time fields along with four-dimensional Lagrangian metrics such as finite time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) fields provide a quantitative description of the Lagrangian pathways and connectivity patterns of lagoons in the Red Sea.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115008073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation and Feasibility Test of Mini-ROVs with AUV for the Manipulation Purpose","authors":"Juhwan Kim, Taesik Kim, Jason Kim, Sehwan Rho, Young-woon Song, Son-cheol Yu","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962810","url":null,"abstract":"We proposed a mini-ROV based underwater manipulation system for sophisticate object recovery task. The system includes the main AUV that operates the entire system and navigates underwater, and the mini-ROV as manipulator that mounts on the main AUV. We developed a small ROV that is specialized in underwater manipulation, devised methods for localization of the mini-ROV from the main AUV, and evaluated the performance of the mini-ROV's manipulation through sophisticate object recovery mission such as ghost net. Besides, we developed the mini-ROVs with AUV system simulator for validating the methods. The evaluation was carried out in an indoor water tank, and the results suggest that our cooperate system would be an effective manipulation method.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116340985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pacific Visions: A Bold Departure for an Aquarium to Enhance Ocean Education","authors":"J. Schubel, Kathleen M. Eckert, D. W. Otto, J. T. Rouse, Fahria Qader, Derek Balsillie, Anthony Brown","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962528","url":null,"abstract":"The Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach California, the 4th largest aquarium in the U.S. in terms of attendance, needed to expand to accommodate its growing attendance. It chose to depart from traditional aquarium expansions that focus on more and larger tanks to display more and larger marine animals and to focus instead on the one animal that is putting all other animals on the planet—aquatic and terrestrial—at risk. That animal is of course us. The new wing called Pacific Visions is a permanent commitment to telling the story of the changing relationship of humans with the Earth and World Ocean and what it will take to make that relationship sustainable. It uses media, technology, interactives, and some live marine animals to tell this story. The story was created with the assistance of some of the world's best scientists. It doesn't pull any punches concerning the severity of the problems of climate change, but offers hope if we use the knowledge and technology we have.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"604 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116369511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of the Haidou Autonomous and Remotely-operated Vehicle in the third Mariana Trench scientific expedition of China","authors":"Ji-xu Li, Yuangui Tang, Jian Wang, Cong Chen, Yiping Li, Shuxue Yan, Qiyan Tian","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962660","url":null,"abstract":"From August to October of 2018, Haidou ARV participated in the third Mariana Trench scientific expedition of China. It carried out a total of 7 underwater trials in the Challenger Deep. The total working time in the bottom of Challenger Deep was 5h 47min. A lot of scientific data were got by Haidou ARV in the expedition, including HD video of the Challenger Deep, high-precision seabed depth measurement data and CTD observation data in the Challenger Deep. These observed data are of great significance for scientists to carry out scientific research on the Hadal zone in the future. This paper mainly describes the application of Haidou ARV in the third Mariana Trench scientific expedition of China and the scientific results of observation during the expedition.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123445991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action Learning for Coral Detection and Species Classification","authors":"Junhong Xu, Lantao Liu","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962770","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method for exploring and monitoring coral reef habitats using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) equipped with an onboard camera. To accomplish this task, the vehicle needs to learn to detect and classify different coral species, and also make motion decisions for exploring larger unknown areas while trying to detect as more corals (with species labels) as possible. We propose a systematic framework that integrates object detection, occupancy grid mapping, and reinforcement learning methods. To enable the vehicle to adjudicate decisions between exploration of larger space and exploitation of promising areas, we propose a reward function that combines both an information-theoretic objective for environment spatial coverage and an ingredient that encourages coral detection. We have validated the proposed method through extensive simulations, and the results show that our approach can achieve a good performance even by training with a small number of images (50 images in total) collected in the simulator.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117109021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Current Measurements from Wave Buoys: Results from a Successful Five-Year Collaborative Development Project","authors":"W. D. Wilson, D. Velasco, Dan Shumuk, L. Fiorentino, Robert Heitesenrether","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962584","url":null,"abstract":"Recognizing that detailed analyses of the accuracy of acoustic current profiles from instruments mounted on dynamic surface platforms (MetOcean or wave buoys) were lacking, the authors and colleagues began studying the issue in 2014. Initial testing with an ADCP mounted on a spherical wave buoy showed significant errors when compared with multiple bottom-mounted wave/current profilers. We initiated a repeated cycle of testing, analysis, reporting, and instrument improvement, with subsequent test deployments in 2015-2016, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019. Results from the first three of these have been reported in detail at previous OCEANS conferences and other technical workshops (IEEE CWTM, MTS Buoy Workshops) – see References [1]–[5] The process has led to evolutionary improvements to both the wave/current buoy design (AXYS TRIAXYS) and current profiler performance for buoy integration (NORTEK Signature AD2CP with AHRS). The resulting integrated platform was deployed under test conditions from December 2018 – March 2019. Preliminary comparisons show that the improvements have resulted in buoy-based current profiles that accurately match bottom-mounted profiles far better than previous versions (under the test conditions, 12-25 m depths, $0-2 boldsymbol{m H_{s}}, > 1boldsymbol{m}/boldsymbol{s}$ currents with significant vertical shear). Here we present results and analyses of the 2018-2019 deployments, which consisted of two TRIAXYS buoys (new design with central profiler mount and NORTEK Signature, an older offset profiler design with a NORTEK Aquadopp), and a nearby NORTEK AWAC current/wave profiler.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128315998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarized Complex Modulation for Underwater Wireless Optical Communications","authors":"Yingjie Chen, Runing Xu, Zixian Wei, Kai Zhang, Jinguo Quan, Yuhan Dong","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962712","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a polarized complex modulation (PolCM) scheme by combining polarized pulse shift keying (PolSK) and quad-LED complex modulation (QCM) for underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC). The proposed PolCM scheme utilizes two LEDs and two polarization directions to map real/imaginary part and positive/negative value of a complex data symbol which can be transmitted without Hermitian symmetry operation. Numerical results have validated the proposed PolCM scheme in terms of BER performance compared with Monte Carlo simulation and also demonstrated the system performance for various link distances and water types.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129573391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localization of a Drifting Underwater Vehicle Using a Terrain-Based Particle Filter","authors":"David Casagrande, K. Krasnosky, Chris Roman","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962828","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a terrain-aided particle filter to localize a freely drifting underwater vehicle. The vehicle is a bottom imaging Lagrangian float used for habitat classification, monitoring and fish abundance studies. During operation the vehicle captures down looking images at a controlled altitude above the bottom. Direct navigation information is often, but not always, recorded with an ultra short baseline (USBL) acoustic system. The presented methodology provides an alternate means for georeferencing when USBL is unavailable. The implemented particle filter utilizes a background bathymetry map and visual odometry measurements from the camera system. The particle filter is implemented using the Robot Operating System (ROS) and Orocos Bayesian Filtering Library (BFL). The Grid Map package is used to store and retrieve the bathymetryic data. Results using data collected on field deployments show the method is able to effectively utilize the terrain information and produce drift trajectories which closely match the recorded USBL data. Utilizing the method allows the float system to be deployed with minimal ship-side support while providing georeferencing that is critical to the end use of the collected images.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127031455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Wave Breaking Through Spectral Analysis of the Dissipated Sound Energy","authors":"Kristina Francke, M. Dhanak, P. Beaujean","doi":"10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/OCEANS40490.2019.8962850","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the first results of the spectral analysis of airborne and underwater sound produced by breaking waves, with the long-term objective to improve breaking wave detectability. The size of an air bubble can be directly linked to the frequency of the sound that is heard using the simple harmonic solution to the Rayleigh–Plesset equation. It indicates the inverse relationship between frequency and bubble size. This relationship has been used successfully to identify wave breaking in general by Manasseh in 2006 [4]. Now this research goes a step farther and examines how the frequency spectrum of the sound changes with time, in an effort to understand the general pattern and from that to deduce an empirical equation that describes the breaking down to turbulence during a wave breaking event. At this point there have been three main indicators identified that are necessary to prove wave breaking when analysing recorded sound: (1) higher frequencies get more pronounced as time passes, (2) amplitude decreases with increasing frequency, and (3) there is a sinusoidal pattern to how the power is distributed throughout the frequencies. This last point is the one that this research focusses on most. It can be concluded from the experimental data that the sinusoidal pattern is most likely due to the probability of how bubbles break down. This probability function depends on the physical properties of the medium the wave is travelling through, or in the case of ocean waves it depends on the properties of the water and air.","PeriodicalId":208102,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2019 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127235428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}