Graduate Student Journal of Psychology最新文献

Effects of Face Masks on Emotion Interpretation in Socially Anxious Individuals 面具对社交焦虑个体情绪解释的影响

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10167

Lexie Mathis

{"title":"Effects of Face Masks on Emotion Interpretation in Socially Anxious Individuals","authors":"Lexie Mathis","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10167","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Previous research has found emotion interpretation biases in individuals with social anxiety (SA) when emotions are ambiguous. Additionally, research has shown that face masks impair emotion recognition. The present within-subjects, quasi-experimental study examined the impact of face masks on emotion identification in individuals with SA. After pre-screening using a brief SA scale (the SIAS-6, a shortened version of the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale), 92 undergraduate students with qualifying SA scores completed an emotion identification task. The task included images of masked and unmasked individuals expressing four emotions. Results indicated impaired accuracy for all types of masked trials. When examining incorrect choice selections, it was found that neutral masked faces were misinterpreted as sad or fearful significantly more than their unmasked counterparts, suggesting a mask-specific interpretation bias. In relation to previous research on SA and hypervigilance for threat faces, when considering all masked trials, accuracy was highest for masked angry trials. While this study was limited in that it did not include a non-anxious group, the results have interesting implications. Importantly, the present findings suggest that some previously identified SA-related emotion interpretation characteristics persist when viewing masked faces (e.g., hypervigilance for threats), while others do not (e.g., default bias for interpreting neutral as hostile). Future research should focus on elucidating the causes of the present results, which are important to this population and clinicians, as socially anxious individuals attribute greater social cost to negative emotions; thus, misinterpretation of emotions as negative may be detrimental to their mental health.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121179687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of a Brief Humanizing Intervention on Prejudice Towards Transgender Individuals 短暂的人性化干预对跨性别者偏见的影响

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10781

Aya Touma Sawaya, Megan K. McCarty

{"title":"The Impact of a Brief Humanizing Intervention on Prejudice Towards Transgender Individuals","authors":"Aya Touma Sawaya, Megan K. McCarty","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10781","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Transgender individuals face an abundance of stigma and prejudice from society, making them vulnerable to discrimination, violence, increased stress, and mental health deterioration (Hughto et al., 2015). This study looked at the extent to which a brief humanizing intervention can decrease prejudice against transgender individuals using methods designed to reduce social desirability bias. Unlike past work, the current study implemented a control group that was not subjected to any intervention. Participants (N=302) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: the control condition, the transman letter condition, and the musician letter condition. Only cisgender participants within the gender binary were used in the analysis (N=293). The humanizing intervention involved having participants read a letter written by a transgender man in which he comes out to his parents. The musician letter condition involved having participants read a letter written by a young man telling his parents that he is quitting college to pursue a career in music. The control condition did not include any letter. Participants then responded to various dependent measures such as attitudes towards transgender individuals and empathy. Few effects of the intervention were observed, which were inconsistent with past research. However, the results of this study showed an impact on participants’ perception of how parents should react to their children coming out and a decrease in the standard gender differences in empathy. Thus, the results offer a nuanced understanding of the extent to which humanizing interventions can reduce prejudice towards transgender individuals.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132384589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting Satisfaction With Life and Affect Balance Using Trait Interactions 利用特质相互作用预测生活满意度和影响平衡

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10231

Jacob Gibson, Chloe Pedersen-San Miguel, Tera D. Letzring

{"title":"Predicting Satisfaction With Life and Affect Balance Using Trait Interactions","authors":"Jacob Gibson, Chloe Pedersen-San Miguel, Tera D. Letzring","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10231","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000There is robust support for the finding that subjective well-being (SWB) relates positively to extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness; and negatively to neuroticism (Soto, 2015), but little research has examined how SWB can be predicted from interactions between traits. It was hypothesized that conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness would moderate the relationship between neuroticism and SWB, as measured by satisfaction with life (SWL) and affect balance (AB). In Study 1, self-reports of the Big Five personality traits, SWL, and AB were collected via MTurk (N=1035). Hierarchical regression analyses were used to predict SWL and AB from interactions between traits. The relationship between neuroticism and SWL was moderated by conscientiousness (b=.15, p=.02) and extraversion (b=11, p=.03), while the relationship between neuroticism and AB was moderated by conscientiousness (b=.09, p=.02) and agreeableness (b=.09, p=.03). Positive personality traits (defined as extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness within this study) were positively related to SWB at high levels of neuroticism, but unrelated to SWB at low levels of neuroticism. This was explored further using a student population in Study 2 (N=151), and the results were partially replicated. This study highlights the importance of considering more than one trait at a time when predicting important outcomes such as SWB.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114532990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence, Comfort With, and Characteristics of Sex Toy Use in a US Convenience Sample using Reddit.com 使用Reddit.com的美国便民样本中性玩具使用的流行程度、舒适度和特征

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10143

Emily Fippen, G. Gaither

{"title":"Prevalence, Comfort With, and Characteristics of Sex Toy Use in a US Convenience Sample using Reddit.com","authors":"Emily Fippen, G. Gaither","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10143","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Although Döring and Poeschl (2020) have presented findings on the use of a broader range of sex toys from a German national sample, little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of users of a broad range of sex toys in the United States. The present study aims to examine the prevalence, characteristics of, and comfort with sex toys among a sample of American adults (n = 231). Within this study, the term “sex toy” refers to any object used directly on the body (e.g., vibrator, dildo, handheld masturbator), while “sexual aids” refers to items that may enhance sexual pleasure or libido (e.g., lubrication, aphrodisiacs). We used survey data that was previously collected in 2020 using Reddit.com/r/SampleSize and Ball State University’s Communications Center to solicit participation. Using data from Döring & Poeschl (2020) to assess sex toy use, we added questions regarding participant comfortability using sex toys in the past. If the participant had never previously used sex toys but would be willing to do so in the future, we asked about the perceived comfort of using a sex toy. We also asked about the perceived positive and negative effects of toy use, as well as a number of possible predictors of use including personality, sexuality, mental health, and trauma-related experiences (sexual assault, sex problems/dysfunctions, being diagnosed with PTSD). Our findings revealed that a significant portion of Americans have previously used sex toys. Among our participants who have never used a sex toy, a significant portion said they would be willing to try doing so in the future. Future research could examine prevalence, comfort with, and characteristics of sex toy use among a more sexually and racially diverse sample. Implications for sexual health will be discussed in terms of the Positive Sexuality and Positive Technology frameworks.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131514202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Educating College Students about Dating Violence Bystander Behaviors: Evaluating an Innovative Animated Intervention 大学生约会暴力旁观者行为教育:评价一种创新的动画干预

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10096

Micah Herman, K. O'Brien

{"title":"Educating College Students about Dating Violence Bystander Behaviors: Evaluating an Innovative Animated Intervention","authors":"Micah Herman, K. O'Brien","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10096","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Due to the extensively social nature of college campuses, peer intervention is a valuable tool for the reduction of college dating violence. While bystander training programs are becoming a common tool for addressing student welfare concerns on college campuses, there is little research evaluating the efficacy of these interventions. The purposes of this study were to revise an online bystander intervention program (STOP Dating Violence; O’Brien et al., 2021) and conduct a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of this revised intervention. Specifically, the intervention was modified and converted into an engaging animated video and then tested for its effectiveness. College students (N=335) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) the STOP intervention, (2) a website containing information about dating violence, and (3) a control condition. Students who viewed the STOP Dating Violence video intervention had the greatest knowledge of bystander interventions when compared to the website and control conditions. Thus, the STOP Dating Violence video has potential to successfully educate undergraduates about appropriate bystander interventions for dating violence in a cost effective manner.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117051899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bouncing Back: Resilience, Aggression, and Depression in Older Gay Men and Lesbians 《反弹:老年男同性恋和女同性恋的恢复力、攻击性和抑郁

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10124

Tosha Griggs, Mark A. Vosvick

{"title":"Bouncing Back: Resilience, Aggression, and Depression in Older Gay Men and Lesbians","authors":"Tosha Griggs, Mark A. Vosvick","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10124","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Older gay men and lesbians are at greater risk for depression due to a lifetime of sexual minority stress (Fredriksen-Goldsen et al., 2013). For gay men and lesbians, depression is associated with aggression and relationship problems (Bernards & Graham, 2013). However, aggression may foster resilience if aggression is expressed in a healthy, nonviolent manner that motivates a person to take positive action towards a greater purpose (Russell & Richards, 2003). What are the relationships between aggression and resilience with depression in a sample of older gay men and lesbians; and do group differences exist? Data was collected from (N=50; Older gay men) and (N=50; Older lesbian women). SPSS 20 was used to run a multivariate analysis to test our overall model. Through a minority stress lens (Meyer, 1998), this study hypothesizes resilience moderates the relationship between aggression and depression. Significant differences between older gay men and older lesbians’ aggression, resilience, and depression scores exist. For the older gay men and lesbian combined group, a moderation analysis indicated that in addition to aggression and resilience being single significantly predicted depression accounting for approximately 57% of the variance in depression. Furthermore, resilience significantly moderated the relationship between aggression and depression in the model in the sample (N = 100) of older gay men and lesbians.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125684486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Face Identity Recognition Deficit across Ages 自闭症谱系障碍与不同年龄的面孔识别缺陷

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10622

Ye Song

引用次数: 0

Understanding Migration and Resettlement Experiences of Uzbek Immigrants in the United States 了解乌兹别克移民在美国的迁移与安置经验

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10308

Anastasiya Tsoy, Khanh T. Dinh, Sharifa Djurabaeva

{"title":"Understanding Migration and Resettlement Experiences of Uzbek Immigrants in the United States","authors":"Anastasiya Tsoy, Khanh T. Dinh, Sharifa Djurabaeva","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v20i1.10308","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000This qualitative study utilized a thematic six-step analysis process of interview data to identify prominent themes in the life experiences of 20 Uzbek immigrants regarding their migration to and resettlement in the United States; it also examined gender differences in their experiences. The results indicated that at the time of migration, most Uzbek participants were well-educated, middle class, and in their mid-20s. The primary reasons for their migration were limited socioeconomic and employment opportunities, and the declining educational quality in Uzbekistan. Uzbek participants reported some difficulties in their resettlement, including language barriers, cultural challenges, and financial stress. Most participants felt welcomed by the host community, believed in the “American dream,” considered themselves successful, and envisioned their future in the US rather than in Uzbekistan. Across all interview questions, women tended to focus on their children’s well-being and the opportunity to gain personal freedom in terms of education and employment, whereas career aspirations and achievement of financial stability were the focus for men. The results from this study provide much-needed information about the life experiences of Uzbek immigrants in the US and have implications for future research with this understudied population from Central Asia.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130424234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Afraid to vomit? The relationship between temperamental fear, emetophobia symptoms, and the impact of sex. 害怕呕吐?气质恐惧、呕吐恐惧症症状和性的影响之间的关系。

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v19i.10049

Jennifer Petell, Molly E. Wickenhauser, Danielle J Maack

{"title":"Afraid to vomit? The relationship between temperamental fear, emetophobia symptoms, and the impact of sex.","authors":"Jennifer Petell, Molly E. Wickenhauser, Danielle J Maack","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v19i.10049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v19i.10049","url":null,"abstract":"Emetophobia, the specific phobia of vomiting (SPOV), is an anxiety disorder associated with persistent fear of emesis. The temperament of fear is evident in phobic and anxiety disorders, which behaviorally manifests through sensitivity in the fight, flight, freeze system (FFFS). The present study aimed to test specific associations between these constructs. Undergraduate students (N= 186) completed self-report measures assessing symptoms of emetophobia, the FFFS, and general anxiety. Correlational analyses were used to test initial relations, followed by regression analyses to assess unique contribution of temperamental fear to the emetophobia symptom experience. Significant positive correlations were found between emetophobia symptoms with anxiety symptoms and the overall temperament of fear. However, only the fight response of the FFFS was significantly associated with symptoms of emetophobia. Further regression analyses demonstrated that the fight response did not uniquely predicted emetophobia symptoms above and beyond anxiety. However, post-hoc analyses illustrated sex moderated the relationship between temperamental fear and emetophobia symptoms, such that the relationship was significantly stronger for male participants than female participants. Results of this study expand upon the current conceptualization of emetophobia to incorporate underlying temperamental vulnerabilities and sex differences, which may function to exacerbate and/or maintain symptoms.\u0000Keywords: emetophobia; specific phobia of vomiting (SPOV); fight, flight, freeze system (FFFS); fight, flight, freeze questionnaire (FFFQ); sex differences","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128556292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serving Whom? An Exploration of Cultural Taxation Themes in Latinx Graduate Students 为谁?拉丁裔研究生文化税收主题探讨

Graduate Student Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.52214/gsjp.v19i.10050

Madasen Briggs, Jonathan Cajas, Audon Archibald, Yolanda Flores Niemann

{"title":"Serving Whom? An Exploration of Cultural Taxation Themes in Latinx Graduate Students","authors":"Madasen Briggs, Jonathan Cajas, Audon Archibald, Yolanda Flores Niemann","doi":"10.52214/gsjp.v19i.10050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/gsjp.v19i.10050","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural taxation refers to the extra responsibilities (e.g., increased service expectations, serving as unofficial diversity consultants) placed on members of marginalized racial groups within academia. However, the extant literature on cultural taxation does not clearly indicate the extent to which that research applies to graduate students as members of academia who often fulfill similar tasks and roles as faculty. Furthermore, the academic context of a Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) is particularly relevant to this line of work as this designation, while projecting an image that an institution is inclusive, is not directly representative of the institution’s commitment to equitable practices. The goal of the present research is to identify how Latinx graduate students are potentially taxed and whether their experiences of cultural taxation are analogous to the taxation that faculty experience. Transcripts from 20 interviews with Latinx students at an HSI were analyzed via qualitative thematic analysis to identify potential themes of this sample’s experiences with cultural taxation. Findings suggest that Latinx graduate students’ cultural taxation converge in some ways with faculty patterns, but with key exceptions. Major themes from students’ responses include a sense of increased distance and lack of support from one’s home department, as well as difficulties integrating diversity and inclusion work cleanly into their graduate careers. These findings supplement existing cultural taxation literature by highlighting the experiences of an underrecognized population within academia and presenting initial findings for taxations imposed on this group.\u0000Keywords: cultural taxation, graduate students, Latinx students, identity taxation, thematic analysis","PeriodicalId":208098,"journal":{"name":"Graduate Student Journal of Psychology","volume":"353 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125636367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0