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Synthesis and Study Biological Activities of Sulfur - Containing Drugs 含硫药物的合成及生物活性研究
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178632
Zainab Saeed, M. Saleh, Ghufran T Sadeek
{"title":"Synthesis and Study Biological Activities of Sulfur - Containing Drugs","authors":"Zainab Saeed, M. Saleh, Ghufran T Sadeek","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178632","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of developing sulfur therapy is crucial to achieving the progress of pharmaceutical works - functional groups produced from sulfur can be found in a wide range of medicines due to the components of various biological and pharmaceutical effects. Sulfur compounds are an important class of chemical molecules. It can be used in various areas of chemistry. As a result of the widespread of pharmaceutical compounds containing sulfur, it gave great importance, as there are many drugs that have been developed, such as mafenide, sulfacetamide, Sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, Sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole. The study dealt with collecting the most important methods of preparing organic sulfur compounds. The focus was on thiols, thiones and sulfones, and a comparison was made between the pharmaceutical compounds that are included in their compositions in terms of synthesis and medical uses as antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer cells.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75819227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection of Parasitic Contamination of Cress Crop Irrigated with Two Types of Water in Jumka Village, Erbil – Iraq 伊拉克埃尔比勒Jumka村两种水灌溉的水芹作物寄生污染检测
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178570
Halwest Hassan, Y. Shekha
{"title":"Detection of Parasitic Contamination of Cress Crop Irrigated with Two Types of Water in Jumka Village, Erbil – Iraq","authors":"Halwest Hassan, Y. Shekha","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178570","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the risk of using untreated wastewater for vegetable contamination. Water samples and vegetables cress and scientific name ( Lepidium sativum ) were collected from farms using wastewater and well water for irrigation for three seasons (Autumn, Winter, and Spring). Results show that untreated wastewater is characterized by an alkaline side of neutrality and has a high content of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand BOD 5 value of 124 mg. l -1 . The Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD 5 ) values variations coincided with water temperature variations and no Dissolved Oxygen (DO) detection during the study periods. Cryptosporidium spp. and other intestinal parasites were observed in wastewater in nearly all studied seasons. Wastewater-contaminated vegetables irrigated by it. Well, water is characterized by the highest EC value of 1119 µS.cm -1 during Winter and the highest pH value of 8.1 during the Spring season. Generally, well water is contaminated with parasitic organisms. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in well water but no detection was found in cress irrigated by it.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76531946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Acceleration and Deceleration Performance of the New Geometrical Shapes of the Three Electrode 新型三电极几何形状加减速性能研究
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178573
Mohammed idrees kanaan albayati, Abdullah I. M. Alabdullah, Alaa Alahmad
{"title":"Investigation of the Acceleration and Deceleration Performance of the New Geometrical Shapes of the Three Electrode","authors":"Mohammed idrees kanaan albayati, Abdullah I. M. Alabdullah, Alaa Alahmad","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178573","url":null,"abstract":"Electrostatic lenses are established using billed electrodes with cylinder bores which are exactly organized on a line of symmetry. In this paper, four designs of three-element cylindrical electrostatic lenses in the acceleration and deceleration mode with different geometrical shapes were created to prove how the operational characteristics of the lenses are affected by the electrode geometry according to potentials, the electron beam diameter in the image plane, kinetic energy, velocity, and acceleration before and after the electron beam passes through each of the four lenses. The best lens is chosen from the four lenses based on its optical performance. It has been found that the lens with the concave outer electrode surface has the best optical performance as an accelerating lens, and the lens with the concave inner electrode surface has the best optical performance as a decelerating lens. It was discovered that the geometry of the electrodes plays a major role in minimizing the beam electron diameter at the image plane and in accelerating and decelerating the electron beam. The calculations are carried out by using the SIMION8.0 and SL Tools Programs package.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75010470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A review: Determination of Diclofenac Sodium in Certain Pharmaceutical Preparations by Spectrophotometric and Chromatographic Methods 分光光度法和色谱法测定某些制剂中双氯芬酸钠的研究进展
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178578
N. Khalil, H. Mahmood
{"title":"A review: Determination of Diclofenac Sodium in Certain Pharmaceutical Preparations by Spectrophotometric and Chromatographic Methods","authors":"N. Khalil, H. Mahmood","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178578","url":null,"abstract":"Diclofenac is act as analgesic and antipyretic drug, known as voltarol, voltarine, dicloflex, and many other known brand names, formulated mainly as capsules and tablets, or as gel and suppositories. Spectrophotometric methods for determination of diclofenac were based on oxidation-reduction reaction or on complex -formation reactions, as well as determination based on UV - derivatives detection, first or second order. Many HPLC-methods for determination of DFC have been published, these methods use different dimensions C 18 columns and different compositions of mobile phases, acetonitrile is one of the major components of mobile phase because it offers a suitable polarity and viscosity, few procedures use the internal standard, while many of the selected review articles involve detection by UV-detector. Many other determination methods have been published, this review concern on the spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. The aim of the review is to offer these reported methods to analysts to be in use for quality control of the dosage forms, and to use the selected procedures for new work to determine other related compounds.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80141775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Protective Effect of Grape Seed Oil on some Fertility Parameters in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Treated with Tamsulosin 葡萄籽油对坦索罗辛处理的褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)若干生育指标的保护作用
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178580
Yazdan Qaro, Waad S. Shaher
{"title":"The Protective Effect of Grape Seed Oil on some Fertility Parameters in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Treated with Tamsulosin","authors":"Yazdan Qaro, Waad S. Shaher","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178580","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91100286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modified Optical Properties of Arsenic Selenide Thin Film at Low Temperatures 硒化砷薄膜在低温下的光学性质
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178576
Maher Abdullah
{"title":"Modified Optical Properties of Arsenic Selenide Thin Film at Low Temperatures","authors":"Maher Abdullah","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178576","url":null,"abstract":"With the simultaneous thermal spraying of glassy arsenic selenide (As 2 Se 3 ), a significant influence of the introduced Indium (In) and Selenium (Se) on the films' structural and photovoltaic properties was established. The glassy As 2 Se 3 and In or Se were deposited simultaneously at up to 60 nm/s on cooled substrates at different temperatures ranging from 70 to -50 °C, layers with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 m in a vacuum 10-3 Pa. Films produced on low-temperature substrates result in structural modifications that can be utilized for lithography and electrically active defects. The energy necessary for the As 2 Se 3 annealing technique, according to the results, is equal to 0.57 eV of high-temperature energy. When Se is supplied at a temperature of -50 °C, we saw that the photocurrent increases at low temperatures. The image is minimally affected by Se increases greater than 7%. The solubility time of the non-irradiated segment is 5 seconds, the rest layer dissolves in 12 seconds, and the thickness of the rest layer is above 75%.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76099262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment Biochemical Parameters Role in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Nineveh Governorate 评价生化指标在尼尼微省多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)妇女中的作用
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178579
K. Aldulaimy, M. Jankeer
{"title":"Assessment Biochemical Parameters Role in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Nineveh Governorate","authors":"K. Aldulaimy, M. Jankeer","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178579","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in female reproductive age, it is associated with metabolic disorder, oxidative stress and infertility. This study amid to show the effect of PCOS and obesity on a number of biochemical parameters in serum of 70 patients which age ranged (15-45) years attending Al-khansa hospital and private laboratories in Nineveh governorate They were diagnosed as PCOS by gynecologists, obstetricians and infertility doctors, 50 of healthy female with the same ages of patient were used as a control group for comparison. The results showed significant increase (P≤0.01) in concentration of Glucose, Insulin, Insulin resistance HOMA-IR, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein LDL, very low-density lipoprotein VLDL, with non-significant decrease in High density lipoprotein HDL compared to control group. When comparing the previously mentioned parameters in serum of obese PCOS (BMI>30) with non-obese PCOS (BMI<30) we found significant increase (P≤0.05) in these parameters in obese more than in non-obese patient.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82685593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection of Heat Resulting from Determining the Concentrations of some Radionuclides for Different Samples of Natural Water in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq 对伊拉克尼尼微省不同天然水样品中某些放射性核素浓度测定所产生的热的探测
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178581
Danya al sofy, F. Al-jomaily, A. El-Taher
{"title":"Detection of Heat Resulting from Determining the Concentrations of some Radionuclides for Different Samples of Natural Water in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq","authors":"Danya al sofy, F. Al-jomaily, A. El-Taher","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178581","url":null,"abstract":"The current study included the determination of the Heat Production Rate (HPR) resulting from the decay of radioactive elements ( 238 U, 232 Th, and 40 k) after determining their concentrations using the technique of collecting gamma ray’s spectrum by means of the sodium iodide detector NaI (TI). The importance of determining the heat production rate, because it has a profound effect on the surface of the earth’s crust, especially in the conditions of desertification that have swept the globe in the last two decades. To achieve the objective of the study, 30 samples of natural water were collected. These samples varied between rainwater, dams, groundwater and pure tap water to natural spring water. The results showed that the concentrations of uranium ( 238 U) ranged between 0.161-0.006 ppm and thorium ( 232 Th) concentrations between (0.462-0.110 ppm), in addition to the potassium ( 40 k) concentration between (0.23-0.023%). These values showed radioactivity levels below the safe and standard limits set by the UNSCEAR Committee. While the results showed for the heat production rate values ranged between (0.0223-0.0091), which indicates a low heat production rate that does not affect the temperature of the earth's crust within the limits of the sample sites that this study included. The results of the current study can be used to provide basic data for future epidemiological investigations and monitoring programs. In the areas under study","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90618070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Active Inductor Based Transimpedance Amplifier with Two Local Feedbacks as a Fiber Optic Application 基于有源电感的双局部反馈跨阻放大器在光纤中的应用
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178574
Ruwaida Al-Berwari, Muhammed Hameed Alsheikhjader
{"title":"An Active Inductor Based Transimpedance Amplifier with Two Local Feedbacks as a Fiber Optic Application","authors":"Ruwaida Al-Berwari, Muhammed Hameed Alsheikhjader","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178574","url":null,"abstract":"An important use of active inductor feedback is reported. It was evident that a frequency dependent impedance of an active inductor is similar to that of an ordinary spiral inductor which is a key advantage in integrated circuit design given the fact that Mosfet-based active inductor circuit occupies less volume on board a chip. In this work, a 42 dBΩ transimpedance (TIA) gain at 1 GHz is obtained with 33 𝑝𝐴 ⁄√ 𝐻𝑧 of input referred noise with a very low power consumption of 0.605 mW. The Common-Gate Common-Source input stage with an active inductor feedback is reported in this work for the first-time long side a second stage current mirror with additional local active inductor feedback. The extremely low level of power consumption is considered to be another key advantage for that matter despite the moderate levels of TIA gain, bandwidth and input-referred noise current spectral density with 1V DC supply voltage. The LTspice software was used for simulation.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89252762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Diffuseness Parameter on the Fusion Cross-Section of Closed-Shell Nuclei 扩散参数对闭壳核聚变截面的影响
Rafidain journal of science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2023.178575
Bilal Othman, Adil Hussein, A. Taqi
{"title":"Effect of Diffuseness Parameter on the Fusion Cross-Section of Closed-Shell Nuclei","authors":"Bilal Othman, Adil Hussein, A. Taqi","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2023.178575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2023.178575","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy-ion fusion reactions are important and essential to express the dynamical properties of colliding nuclei, and to address the tunneling effect in quantum mechanics. In the fusion process, the ion-ion potential plays an important role in approaching the measured cross section with the experimental value by influencing the tunneling probability of interacting nuclei. In this work, the fusion cross-sections of closed-shell heavy-ion fusion systems have been calculated and analyzed in the framework of coupled channel theory, using the code CCFULL, by fixing the potential depth value = 102.9 MeV and the fusion radius = 1.096 , while, the diffuseness parameter of Wood--Saxon potential is varied from 0.6 to 1.1 to fitting the fusion cross-section data at energies near and below the Coulomb barrier. It was observed that our approach is able to estimating the experimentally observed cross-sections of closed-shell colliding nuclei.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84184729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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