Radiation Botany最新文献_第6页

Beiträge zur strahlenstimulation—IV. Der einfluss von licht- und temperaturänderungen sowie des bestrahlungszeitpunktes auf die strahleninduzierte wachstumsförderung Bei Lemna Minor L. 贡献给辐射刺激4。光照温度变化和辐照对辐照内辐射促进增长的影响

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80014-7

A. Feldmann

引用次数: 0

Radioprotective effects of ascorbic acid in barley seeds 抗坏血酸在大麦种子中的辐射防护作用

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80013-5

B.V. Conger

{"title":"Radioprotective effects of ascorbic acid in barley seeds","authors":"B.V. Conger","doi":"10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80013-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80013-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Experiments were conducted to test the radioprotective effects of a naturally occurring reducing agent, ascorbic acid, on seeds (caryopses) of barley, <em>Hordeum vulgare</em> L. emend Lam. Seeds were soaked either before or after gamma or fission neutron irradiation in distilled water or ascorbic acid solutions ranging in concentration from 0·01 to 1·00 <span>m</span>. Results are reported as percentage germination, seedling height, seedling growth reduction, and (in one experiment) per cent of cells with chromosome aberrations.</p><p>As evidenced by both reduced germination and seedling growth, ascorbic acid was toxic when seeds were soaked for 1 hr at ambient temperature prior to irradiation and then planted immediately. When seeds were soaked in ascorbic acid before irradiation and soaked after irradiation in air-bubbled water at 0 °C for 18 hr, the toxicity disappeared, and a protective effect (which increased with increasing ascorbic acid concentration) was observed for gamma and, to a lesser extent, for neutron irradiation. Additional studies suggested that the protective effect was related to reduced hydration of the embryos of seeds soaked in ascorbic 'acid. Also, no radioprotective effect was observed when seeds were presoaked for 2 or 16 hr in 0·01 Mascorbic acid solutions buffered at pH 3 or pH 7.</p><p>A protective effect was observed for seeds of 1·5 per cent water content soaked after irradiation in an oxygen-bubbled ascorbic acid solution of 0·5 M but was not observed for seeds soaked in nitrogen-bubbled ascorbic acid. The protective effect against oxygen-dependent damage may be a result of interaction of ascorbic acid with radiation-induced free radicals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20794,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Botany","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 39-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80013-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84815354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

The potential of genetic manipulation in plant cell cultures for plant breeding 植物细胞培养中基因操作的潜力

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80009-3

P. Bottino

引用次数: 42

In vitro culture of tobacco protoplasts: Survival of haploid and diploid protoplasts exposed to x-ray radiation at different times after isolation 烟草原生质体离体培养:分离后单倍体和二倍体原生质体在不同时间x射线照射下的存活率

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80017-2

E. Galun, D. Raveh

引用次数: 38

Morphological studies in safflower (carthamus tinctorius linn.) with special reference to the effect of 2,4-D and gamma rays—I. Vegetative shoot apex 红花(carthamus tinctorius linn.)形态学研究，特别参考2,4- d和γ射线- 1的影响。营养茎尖

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80016-0

Y. Chauhan, R. Singh

引用次数: 7

Interrelation of exposure and exposure rate in germinating seeds of barley and its concurrence with dose-rate theory 大麦种子萌发过程中暴露与暴露率的相互关系及其与剂量率理论的一致性

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80010-X

P. Bottino, A. Sparrow, S. S. Schwemmer, K. H. Thompson

引用次数: 18

The potential of genetic manipulation in plant cell cultures for plant breeding 植物细胞培养中基因操作的潜力

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80009-3

P.J. Bottino

{"title":"The potential of genetic manipulation in plant cell cultures for plant breeding","authors":"P.J. Bottino","doi":"10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80009-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80009-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>In vitro</em> culture of somatic cells of higher plants allows the plant breeder to apply the techniques of microbial genetics to specific breeding problems in crop plants. The basic techniques of callus and suspension culture, haploid plant culture from pollen, protoplast isolation, culture and fusion, and totipotency in plant cell cultures are reviewed. The genetical approaches which have application or potential application to plant breeding are also reviewed. These include selection of mutations in cell cultures, studying host-pathogen inter-relationships, transfer of genetic information into cells through uptake of native DNA, uptake of whole metaphase chromosomes or viral-induced transduction and interspecific hybridization through somatic cell fusion. The major difficulty to the application of many of these techniques to plant breeding programs is the inability to regenerate whole plants from somatic cells in some of the major crop plants. Some techniques such as mutant selection have been and are presently applicable in some crops, but others such as somatic cell fusion still require additional refinement before they will become generally applicable in a plant breeding situation. A survey is made of the present status of the culture methods possible in several important crop plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20794,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Botany","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80009-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91779783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 42

Polyploidy and sensitivity to alkylating mutagens 多倍体和对烷基化诱变剂的敏感性

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80015-9

U. Zutshi, B. Kaul

引用次数: 7

A radiation-induced highly productive mutant in sorghum 辐射诱导的高粱高产突变体

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80011-1

E.V.V. Bhaskara Rao, V.R. Reddi

引用次数: 4

Silage production and quality of pearl millet, sorghum, and corn hybrids grown from seed exposed to low doses of gamma rays 珍珠粟、高粱和玉米杂交种在低剂量伽马射线照射下的青贮产量和质量

Radiation Botany Pub Date : 1975-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80012-3

G.W. Burton , W.G. Monson , W.W. Hanna , M.J. Constantin

{"title":"Silage production and quality of pearl millet, sorghum, and corn hybrids grown from seed exposed to low doses of gamma rays","authors":"G.W. Burton , W.G. Monson , W.W. Hanna , M.J. Constantin","doi":"10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80012-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80012-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Just before planting, seeds of pearl millet, <em>Pennisetum americanum</em> (L.) K. Schum., (formerly <em>P. typhoides</em>) hybrid, “Tift 23 × li”, and corn, <em>Zea mays</em> L., hybrids “Coker 71”, “DeKalb 1214”, and “Pioneer 3030” were exposed to gamma ray dosages of 0, 0·15, 0·3, 0·6, 1·2, 2·4, 4·8, 9·6, and 19·2 kR. “FS26” hybrid sorghum, <em>Sorghum bicolor</em> (L.) Moench., seeds were exposed to gamma ray dosages of 0, 0·2, 0·4, 0·8, 1·6, 3·2, 6·4, 12·8, and 25·6 kR. In one 2-yr. experiment, pearl millet, sorghum, and Coker 71 corn gave respective dry matter yields of 12, 166, 6, 993, and 6,306 kg/ha and <em>in vitro</em> dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) percentages of 45·7, 52·8, and 59·9. The heaviest exposures of gamma rays generally reduced yields of all species, and lighter exposures failed to increase yield significantly. Seed irradiation did not affect the quality (IVDMD) of the forage. In a 2-yr. corn hybrid experiment, DeKalb 1214 yielded 24% more dry matter and tolerated the heavy exposures of gamma rays better than Pioneer 3030 and Coker 71. None of the lower exposures increased yield significantly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20794,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Botany","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 33-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0033-7560(75)80012-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88517627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3