Pteridines最新文献

{"title":"Oxyresveratrol modulates the immune response in vitro","authors":"S. S. Palabiyik-Yucelik, Simone Moser, K. Becker, Z. Halıcı, Y. Bayir, Marlies Stonig, H. Schennach, D. Fuchs, J. Gostner, K. Kurz","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The naturally occurring stilbenoid oxyresveratrol was shown to influence inflammatory and metabolic processes. During cellular immune activation, tryptophan breakdown and neopterin formation via the enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) and GTP-cyclohydrolase, respectively, are induced. Neopterin and the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio are reliable and pertinent biomarkers of Th1-type immune response and are also used in vitro to monitor effects of active plant ingredients on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We investigated the effects of oxyresveratrol on the activity of the above-mentioned pathways in mitogen-stimulated human PBMC and in the myelomonocytic cell line THP-1. Oxyresveratrol exerted suppressive effects on tryptophan breakdown in both stimulated cell models. Of note, in PBMC, tryptophan breakdown was induced at lower concentrations (5–20 µM) and suppressed at higher treatment concentrations only. Neopterin formation was decreased dose-dependently in stimulated PBMC. In unstimulated PBMC similar, albeit lesser effects were observed. Data indicate that oxyresveratrol exerts distinct and concentration-dependent effects on different immune cell types. IDO-1 is targeted by oxyresveratrol and its activity can be modulated in both directions. Detailed investigations of the interactions would be interesting to fully explore the activity of this phytocompound.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"32 1","pages":"70 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43581027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Norepinephrine was superior in death risk reducing and hemodynamics compared to dopamine in treatment of patients with septic shock","authors":"Xudong Lu, Xianghua Xu, Yue-e Wu","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background To investigate the clinical effects of norepinephrine versus dopamine in treatment of septic shock by pooling the data form open published clinical trials. Material and Methods The clinical trials relevant to norepinephrine versus dopamine in treatment of septic shock were electronically searched in the databases of Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google scholar and CNKI. The original data related to the treatment effects such as death risk, oxygen metabolism and hemodynamics index were extracted from the included original studies. The death risk was pooled by the effect size of relative risk (RR), the oxygen metabolism and hemodynamics index were pooled by standard mean difference (SMD) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The publication bias was evaluated by Begg's funnel plot and Egger's line regression test. Results Thirteen clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results demonstrated the death risk was significantly decreased (RR=0.89, 95%CI:0.81 to 0.98, p=0.024) in septic shock patients who received norepinephrine compared to those receiving dopamine. The HR (SMD=−1.84, 95%CI: −2.86 to −0.81, p<0.01) and cardiac index (SMD=−0.74, 95%CI: −1.01 to −0.48, p<0.01) were lower in norepinephrine group compared to dopamine group. The systemic vascular resistance index (SMD=1.33, 95%CI:0.62 to 2.04, p<0.01) in norepinephrine group was higher than those of dopamine group with statistical difference. The Begg's funnel plot and Egger's line regression test (t=−0.84, p=0.425) showed no publication bias. Conclusions Based on the present evidence, norepinephrine was superior to dopamine in the aspects of death risk reducing and hemodynamics.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"32 1","pages":"5 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2021-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41376508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and bioinformatics analysis of key biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction","authors":"Dongmei Wei, Rui Li, Tao Si, Hankang He, Wei Wu","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most severe manifestation of coronary artery disease. Considerable efforts have been made to elucidate its etiology and pathology, but the genetic factors that play a decisive role in the occurrence of AMI are still unclear. To determine the molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of AMI, four microarray datasets, namely, GSE29111, GSE48060, GSE66360, and GSE97320, were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We analyzed the four GEO datasets to obtain the differential expression genes (DEGs) of patients with AMI and patients with non-AMI and then performed gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. A total of 41 DEGs were identified, including 39 upregulated genes and 2 downregulated genes. The enriched functions and pathways of the DEGs included the inflammatory response, neutrophil chemotaxis, immune response, extracellular space, positive regulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) transcription factor activity, response to lipopolysaccharide, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) receptor binding, innate immune response, defense response to bacterium, and receptor activity. The cytoHubba plug-in in Cytoscape was used to select the most significant hub gene from the PPI network. Ten hub genes were identified, and GO enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in inflammatory response, neutrophil chemotaxis, immune response, RAGE receptor binding, and extracellular region. In conclusion, this study integrated four datasets and used bioinformatics methods to analyze the gene chips of AMI samples and control samples and identified DEGs that may be involved in the occurrence and development of AMI. The study provides reliable molecular biomarkers for AMI screening, diagnosis, and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"32 1","pages":"79 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47966109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.","authors":"Teodor T Postolache,&nbsp;Deborah R Medoff,&nbsp;Clayton H Brown,&nbsp;Li Juan Fang,&nbsp;Sanjaya K Upadhyaya,&nbsp;Christopher A Lowry,&nbsp;Michael Miller,&nbsp;Julie A Kreyenbuhl","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective –: </strong>Psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits are costly, stigmatizing, and often ineffective. Given the immune and kynurenine activation in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, as well as the immune-modulatory effects of statins, we aimed to compare the relative risk (RRs) of psychiatric hospitalizations and ED visits between individuals prescribed lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins vs. no statins. We hypothesized (a) reduced rates of hospitalization and ER utilization with statins versus no statins and (b) differences in outcomes between statins, as lipophilia increases the capability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier with potentially beneficial neuroimmune, antioxidant, neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and endothelial stabilizing effects, and, in contrast, potentially detrimental decreases in brain cholesterol concentrations leading to serotoninergic dysfunction, changes in membrane lipid composition, thus affecting ion channels and receptors.</p><p><strong>Methods –: </strong>We used VA service utilization data from October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2015. The RRs for psychiatric hospitalization and ED visits, were estimated using robust Poisson regression analyses. The number of individuals analyzed was 683,129.</p><p><strong>Results –: </strong>Individuals with schizophrenia and BD who received prescriptions for either lipophilic or hydrophilic statins had a lower RR of psychiatric hospitalization or ED visits relative to nonstatin controls. Hydrophilic statins were significantly associated with lower RRs of psychiatric hospitalization but not of ED visits, compared to lipophilic statins.</p><p><strong>Conclusion –: </strong>The reduction in psychiatric hospitalizations in statin users (vs. nonusers) should be interpreted cautiously, as it carries a high risk of confounding by indication. While the lower RR of psychiatric hospitalizations in hydrophilic statins relative to the lipophilic statins is relatively bias free, the finding bears replication in a specifically designed study. If replicated, important clinical implications for personalizing statin treatment in patients with mental illness, investigating add-on statins for improved therapeutic control, and mechanistic exploration for identifying new treatment targets are natural next steps.</p>","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"32 1","pages":"48-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8654264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39710248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of serum homocysteine as a biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients","authors":"B. Ye, Xiangying Zhu, Zhifu Zeng, Xiaozhen Ji, Mei-Jing Ji","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of serum homocysteine (Hcy) as a biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods Fifty-five T2DM patients with DN and 51 T2DM patients without DN were prospectively recruited from January 2016 to May 2020 in our hospital. The serum Hcy was tested by electrochemiluminescence assay in DN and T2DM groups and compared. The diagnostic efficacy of serum Hcy as a biomarker for early diagnosis of DN was evaluated by calculating the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results The serum levels of Hcy were 15.49 ± 5.40 and 9.23 ± 3.15 μmol/L for DN and T2DM patients, respectively, with statistical difference (t = 7.21, P < 0.001). In the DN group, the serum Hcy levels for patients with hyperfiltration, intermittent proteinuria, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria and uremic were 10.99 ± 2.57, 13.90 ± 2.86, 15.38 ± 4.77, 18.98 ± 4.36 and 23.31 ± 5.22 μmol/L, respectively, which indicated that serum Hcy levels in DN were higher than those of T2DM patients and correlated with patient’s renal damage. Using the serum Hcy level as the reference, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 84.31 (71.41–92.98)%, 74.55 (61.00–85.33)% and 0.85 (0.78–0.92)%, respectively, with the cutoff value of 12.08 between DN and T2DM. The serum Hcy also had relatively good differential diagnostic efficacy between different DN stages with high sensitivity, specificity and AUC. Conclusion Serum Hcy was obviously elevated in DN compared to T2MD and correlated with the renal damage severity, which can be applied as a potential serological marker for early diagnosis of DN.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"32 1","pages":"11 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44481272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The urinary biopterin in autism spectrum disorder","authors":"A. Waligóra, A. Damasiewicz-Bodzek, P. Gorczyca, Sławomir Waligóra, K. Tyrpień-Golder","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to determine whether biopterin is present in significantly lower quantities in urine samples of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to healthy individuals. Methods The concentration of biopterin in urine samples was measured by ELISA using commercially available kit. The study involved 53 children aged 3–16 years with ASD and 60 healthy children aged 2–14 years. Results Significantly lower biopterin concentration was observed in autistic patients compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was observed between mild, moderate, and severe ASD. Conclusion One of the potential causes of decrease in urinary biopterin levels may be tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency, which has extensive and serious health consequences for the nervous system. The results of measuring biopterin as a fully oxidized form of BH4 may suggest that biosynthesis or regeneration of BH4 may be decreased in children with ASD. On the other hand, decreased urinary biopterin levels in children with ASD may be due to BH4 overuse, a good regeneration process, and decreased urinary excretion; and abnormalities in BH4 metabolism appear to be related to the aetiology of ASD or may be due to ASD.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"32 1","pages":"17 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48832130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and risk of osteoporosis","authors":"Xiao Chen, Weiran Zhang, Jingmin Huang","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To evaluate the correlation between methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and risk of osteoporosis. Methods We searched the clinical studies related to MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and risk of osteoporosis in the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) and included the suitable publications in the present meta-analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data of included studies were extracted and pooled by a random or fixed-effect model. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were applied to demonstrate the correlation between MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and the risk of osteoporosis. Publication bias was assessed by Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test. Results Seven case–control clinical studies were included and a data combination was made. The data was pooled by the fixed effect model because of no obvious statistical heterogeneity. The pooled results indicated that people with the T allele had increased risk of developing osteoporosis under the homologous gene model (TT vs CC) (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.81–3.08, p < 0.05), dominant gene model (TT + CT) vs CC (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21–1.77, p < 0.05) and recessive gene model TT vs (CC + CT) (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.71–2.74, p < 0.05). Egger’s line regression test indicated no significant publication bias for the present meta-analysis in the above homologous, dominant, and recessive gene models. Conclusion The MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms are associated with osteoporosis and subjects with the T allele have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"32 1","pages":"117 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47157030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Folate-deficient Diet and 5-Fluorouracil Treatment In the zn VlVO Model of Mice L1210 Leukemia","authors":"Julita Graczyk","doi":"10.1515/pteridines.1994.5.3.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.1994.5.3.107","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThe present study investigated the effect of reduced folic acid content in the organism, due to deficient diet, on the survival time of mice with L1210 leukemia, treated with fluorouracil. One of the mechanisms of the cytotoxic effect of fluorouracil is the inhibition of thymidylate synthase by binding fluorodeoxyuridylate, a 5-fluorouracil metabolite. Tetrahydrofoliane factor, for which folic acid is the substrate, takes part in this process. From the presented study it follows that the synthetic diet prepared without the addition of folic acid caused significantly lower blood serum folic acid levels, reduction of vitamin Bl2 level, anemia, as well as lowered leukocyte count. The antineoplastic effect of fluorouracil on L1210 leukemia was in that group of mice weaker than the effect of fluorouracil in mice receiving synthetic diet which met their folic acid requirement.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"13 1-4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tryptophan metabolism, stress and feather pecking in domestic chickens","authors":"C. Mindus, N. Staaveren, P. Forsythe, S. Geisler, J. Gostner, J. Kjaer, W. Kunze, A. Shoveller, D. Fuchs, A. Harlander","doi":"10.1515/PTERIDINES-2020-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/PTERIDINES-2020-0018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"1 1","pages":"123-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/PTERIDINES-2020-0018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66815363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation, iron and vitamin D metabolism in different cardiomyopathy aetiologies","authors":"Lukas Lanser, Nada Nemati, M. Seifert, D. Fuchs, G. Weiss, G. Pölzl, K. Kurz","doi":"10.1515/pteridines-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Immune activation coincides with disturbances in iron and vitamin D metabolism in patients with cardiomyopathy. In this study, we investigated whether there are differences regarding immune activation, iron and vitamin D metabolism between the different cardiomyopathy aetiologies. Patients and methods: Parameters of iron metabolism (haemoglobin, iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation, ferritin, hepcidin), vitamin D metabolism (Ct-FGF23, parathormone, phosphate, vitamin D) and immune activation (C-reactive protein and neopterin) were determined in 149 patients (98 men, 51 women) with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Results: Patients with amyloid cardiomyopathy presented with higher neopterin, ferritin and hepcidin levels than other cardiomyopathy aetiologies. Furthermore, they showed the highest rate of cardiovascular events. C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Patients with virus positive cardiomyopathy presented with significantly higher ferritin and Ct-FGF23 levels compared to patients with virus negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Conclusion: This study indicates that there are some differences regarding the extent of immune activation and inflammation as well as alterations in iron metabolism disorders between different cardiomyopathy aetiologies. Further studies with larger patient cohorts are needed to investigate these findings more precisely.","PeriodicalId":20792,"journal":{"name":"Pteridines","volume":"31 1","pages":"28 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/pteridines-2020-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48289919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}