Radiology. Imaging cancer最新文献

{"title":"PSMA PET-guided Intensification of Salvage Radiotherapy after Radical Prostatectomy.","authors":"Ridvan A Demirci, Amir Iravani","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259038","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.259038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e259038"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145638018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Thermal Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules in Patients with or without Previous Thyroid Surgery.","authors":"Meng-Yu Lu, Wen-Wen Yue, Jia-Xin Li, Jing-E Zhu, Xiao-Wan Bo, Hui-Li Zhang, Yin-Cheng Gao, Guan-Qun Zhang, Hao-Jie Yang, Li-Ping Sun","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240431","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To examine the use of propensity score matching (PSM) to compare the safety and efficacy of US-guided thermal ablation (TA) as a first-line treatment for initial thyroid nodules versus as a second-line treatment for recurrent nodules following thyroid surgery. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included data from 693 patients with benign thyroid nodules (BTNs) who underwent US-guided TA between January 2015 and July 2023. These included 619 patients in the initial nodule group and 74 patients in the recurrent nodule group. PSM was employed to balance preablation data and minimize confounding bias between the two groups. The perioperative and post-TA complication rates of the two matched patient groups were compared. Nodule volume and volume reduction rate (VRR) were compared at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after TA. Thyroid function, symptoms, and cosmetic scores were also compared. Results Successful matching of 222 patients (mean age ± SD, 55.92 years ± 12.08; 172 female) (2:1 ratio) was achieved, with 148 patients in the initial nodule group and 74 patients in the recurrent nodule group. There was no evidence of a difference between the two groups regarding incidence of major complications (<i>P</i> > .99), minor complications (<i>P</i> = .82), or adverse effects (<i>P</i> = .51). The difference in VRR between the two groups at each follow-up point was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = .30, .28, .33, .20, .33, respectively). At the last follow-up, symptom and cosmetic scores were significantly reduced in both groups (both <i>P</i> < .01), whereas serum thyroid hormone levels were not significantly different from those before TA treatment (all <i>P</i> > .05). Conclusion US-guided TA treatment exhibited a favorable safety and efficacy profile for patients with BTNs, regardless of prior thyroid surgery. <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2025 <b>Keywords:</b> Head/Neck, Thyroid, Treatment Effects, Efficacy Studies, Ablation Techniques (Radiofrequency, Thermal, Chemical).</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e240431"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic Predictors of County-Level Mammography Screening Rates in the United States.","authors":"Randy C Miles, Caroline J Walsh, Nhat-Tuan Tran, Joanna Garcia, Brandon O'Connor, Anand K Narayan, Antonio R Porras","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240433","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate predictors of mammography engagement at the county level to better understand the challenges associated with population-based screening in the United States. Materials and Methods This retrospective, geospatial, cross-sectional study conducted from March 2024 to September 2024 used data from the 2023 National Cancer Institute's Small Area Estimates, County Health Rankings, and the Atlas of Rural and Small-Town America. Univariable linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic variables and county-level mammography screening rates. Multivariable linear regression was performed to create an average model of mammography screening rates as a function of county-level sociodemographic variables, which was then used to assess county screening performance after adjusting for these factors. Results Information obtained from 3121 counties was included in this study. Higher percentages of White residents, residents older than 18 years, women, rural residents, and high school graduates were positively associated with county-level screening rates, while higher percentages of non-Black minority residents, residents with limited English proficiency, and uninsured residents were negatively associated with county-level mammography screening rates (<i>P</i> < .001). After accounting for sociodemographic composition, counties with a higher proportion of Black residents (<i>P</i> < .001), residents with limited English proficiency (<i>P</i> = .009), insured residents (<i>P</i> < .001), high school graduates (<i>P</i> < .001), and residents with higher median income (<i>P</i> < .001) exceeded expected screening rates based on national county-level data. Conclusion In this national county-level model, population-based characteristics associated with mammography engagement at the county level could be used to estimate expected screening rates based on each county's sociodemographic profile. <b>Keywords:</b> Mammography, Breast, Screening, Socioeconomic Issues, Oncology, Epidemiology, Statistics, Health Policy and Practice ©RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e240433"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145355831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes in Symptomatic and Screen-detected Breast Cancer: Age, Tumor Biology, and Study Design Matter.","authors":"Deniz Esin Tekcan Sanli, Ahmet Necati Sanli","doi":"10.1148/rycan.250395","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.250395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e250395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145355913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous Ablation of Thyroid Cancer.","authors":"Timothy C Huber, Lisa Walker, Luke Wilkins","doi":"10.1148/rycan.240465","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.240465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Percutaneous ablation of benign thyroid nodules has become a widely accepted alternative to surgery. There has also been increasing use of percutaneous ablation in thyroid cancer. However, there are important differences between ablating benign and malignant nodules. Proper patient selection is critical for achieving good outcomes. While the field is rapidly evolving, there are fundamental principles that must be understood. The purpose of this review is to overview thyroid cancer biology, describe safe and effective techniques for treating thyroid cancers, and discuss which patients would benefit most from percutaneous ablation treatment. <b>Keywords:</b> Head/Neck, Percutaneous, Thyroid, Ablation Techniques, Thyroid Cancer, Radiofrequency Ablation, Microwave Ablation, Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma, Thyroid Nodules © RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e240465"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastography and MRI for the Evaluation of Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer.","authors":"Joao V Horvat, Robert T Fazzio","doi":"10.1148/rycan.250504","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.250504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e250504"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment-Response Prediction for Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Using PSMA PET.","authors":"Loise Wairiri, Michael R Folkert","doi":"10.1148/rycan.259030","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.259030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e259030"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Research to Routine: The Emerging Role of DWI Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Metrics in Breast MRI.","authors":"Almir G V Bitencourt, Simone Schiaffino","doi":"10.1148/rycan.250423","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.250423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e250423"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Fusariosis in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies.","authors":"Max Sheng, Brandon Ritchie, Sohrab Afshari Mirak, Sree Tirumani, Nikhil Ramaiya","doi":"10.1148/rycan.250174","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.250174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hematologic malignancies are among the most common cancers worldwide, with incidence nearly doubling between 1990 and 2019. Compared with the general population, patients with these malignancies are at significantly increased risk for invasive fungal disease (IFD) due to prolonged immunosuppression and neutropenia from chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, or the underlying disease itself. IFD contributes substantially to morbidity and infection-related mortality in this population, with reported mortality rates ranging from 29% to 90%. Among IFD infections, invasive fusariosis is one of the most lethal, with case fatality rates reaching 100% in certain organ systems. It frequently presents as a debilitating, multiorgan infection affecting the skin, bone, central nervous system, and cardiovascular structures. This review highlights the diverse clinical and imaging manifestations of invasive fusariosis in patients with hematologic malignancies, providing a multimodal overview of disease presentations, organ involvement, and treatment approaches based on published cases. Current diagnostic challenges are discussed, along with future strategies aimed at improving early recognition and management. Given the severity and poor outcomes associated with invasive fusariosis, greater awareness and education are essential to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes for this vulnerable population of patients with hematologic malignancies. <b>Keywords:</b> CT, Echocardiography, PET/CT, Ultrasound, MR-Imaging, Cardiac, CNS, Soft Tissues/Skin, Skeletal-Appendicular, Oncology, Leukemia, Infection, Fusariosis, Hematologic Malignancies, Acute Myelogenous Leukemia, Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia © RSNA, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e250174"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Addition of MRI Help in Breast Cancer Detection in Women with Low Breast Tissue Density in Two Canadian Population-based High-Risk Breast Screening Programs?","authors":"David G Martin, Kristopher Hoover, Lisa Smyth, Mary Beth Bissell, Jean M Seely","doi":"10.1148/rycan.250073","DOIUrl":"10.1148/rycan.250073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To compare incremental cancer detection rate (ICDR) by breast tissue density (BTD) and determine whether breast MRI adds diagnostic value in high-risk individuals with low-density breast tissue. Materials and Methods This retrospective review included 10 233 screening breast MRI examinations performed between 2012 and 2022. For each examination, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System BTD category was recorded. Patient charts were reviewed to identify patients diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) during the screening period. The nearest mammograms were reviewed to assess whether cancers were also visible at mammography. Results Among 10 233 female individuals screened, 91 cancers were detected (cancer detection rate [CDR] = 8.90 per 1000 examinations), with no evidence of a difference across BTD categories (<i>P</i> = .39). By BTD category, seven cancers (7.7%) were in category A, 34 (37.4%) in B, 40 (44.0%) in C, and 10 (11.0%) in D. Among 90 BCs detected at MRI, only 18 (20.0%) had a corresponding abnormality identified on the nearest screening mammogram. Of the 872 MRI examinations in individuals with category A BTD, six of seven cancers (85.7%) were detected at MRI alone and one (14.3%) was detected at both mammography and MRI. No evidence of a difference in incremental CDR was found across BTD categories (A = 6.9 per 1000 examinations; B = 5.9 per 1000; C = 8.3 per 1000; D = 7.5 per 1000; <i>P</i> > .50). Conclusion In high-risk individuals with low-density breasts (category A BTD), supplemental screening with breast MRI remained necessary despite improved mammographic sensitivity. <b>Keywords:</b> Mammography, MRI, Breast, Primary Neoplasms, Screening © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":20786,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Imaging cancer","volume":"7 6","pages":"e250073"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145513515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}