Psychogeriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive, psychological and social factors associated with older adults' mobility: a scoping review of self-report and performance-based measures.","authors":"Michael E Kalu, Vanina Dal Bello-Haas, Meridith Griffin, Sheila Boamah, Jocelyn Harris, Mashal Zaide, Daniel Rayner, Nura Khattab, Salma Abrahim, Tristan K Richardson, Nicholas Savatteri, Yimo Wang, Christian Tkachyk","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12848","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyg.12848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although many factors have been associated with mobility among older adults, there is paucity of research that explores the complexity of factors that influence mobility. This review aims to synthesise the available evidence for factors comprising the cognitive, psychological, and social mobility determinants and their associations with mobility self-reported and performance-based outcomes in older adults (60 years). We followed Arksey and O'Malley's five stages of a scoping review and searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Web of Science, AgeLine, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Sociological Abstract databases. Reviewers in pairs independently conducted title, abstract, full-text screening and data extraction. We reported associations by analyses rather than articles because articles reported multiple associations for factors and several mobility outcomes. Associations were categorised as significantly positive, negative, or not significant. We included 183 peer-reviewed articles published in 27 countries, most of which were cross-sectional studies and conducted among community-dwelling older adults. The 183 articles reported 630 analyses, of which 381 (60.5%) were significantly associated with mobility outcomes in the expected direction. For example, older adults with higher cognitive functioning such as better executive functioning had better mobility outcomes (e.g., faster gait speed), and those with poor psychological outcomes, such as depressive symptoms, or social outcomes such as reduced social network, had poorer mobility outcomes (e.g., slower gait speed) compared to their counterparts. Studies exploring the association between cognitive factors, personality (a psychological factor) and self-reported mobility outcomes (e.g., walking for transportation or driving), and social factors and performance-based mobility outcomes in older adults are limited. Understanding the additive relationships between cognitive, psychological, and social factors highlights the complexity of older adults' mobility across different forms of mobility, including independence, use of assistive devices, transportation, and driving.</p>","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":" ","pages":"553-573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48824979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A first insight into the clinical manifestation of posttraumatic stress disorder in dementia: a systematic literature review.","authors":"Dorien H E van Dongen, Demi Havermans, Kay Deckers, Miranda Olff, Frans Verhey, Sjacko Sobczak","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12830","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyg.12830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent disorder worldwide and often co-occurs in dementia. Both have a major impact on disease burden and quality of life. PTSD may be difficult to recognize in dementia and a structured diagnostic method is lacking. In order to get insight into the clinical diagnostics of PTSD in dementia, this systematic literature review evaluates the clinical presentation of PTSD and other relevant symptoms in people with dementia. PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL were searched for all publications through 30 December 2021. Articles were included which met the following criteria: (i) description of at least one case with a current diagnosis of dementia and co-morbid PTSD; (ii) clinical presentation of symptoms being adequately described; (iii) no difference being made between chronic PTSD, PTSD with re-activation, and delayed onset PTSD. Of the 947 identified abstracts, 13 papers met the inclusion criteria and were included (describing 30 cases). Based on our rating, only one case completely fulfilled the DSM-5 criteria of PTSD. Avoidance was only described in three cases. Most commonly described symptoms were irritability and anger (E1, 9%), persistent negative emotional state (D4, 9%), and sleep disturbances (E6, 8%). In 93% of the case reports, other symptoms were also described, i.e. memory problems (58%), screaming (33.3%), and wandering (22.2%). People with dementia who have experienced a traumatic event seem to present, based on our rating method, with insufficient symptoms to meet all criteria for a PTSD DSM-5 diagnosis. The DSM-5 core symptom of avoidance was absent in most of the cases. Clinical presentation consists mainly of symptoms of irritability, anger, persistent negative emotional state, and sleep disturbances, often accompanied by other symptoms. These findings suggest that older people with dementia may have other symptom presentations than people without dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":" ","pages":"509-520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43869627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Rapid Cognitive Screen against Montreal Cognitive Assessment in screening for cognitive impairment in the old and old-old.","authors":"Matthew Zhixuan Chen, Yiong Huak Chan, Michael Wai Kit Wong, Reshma Aziz Merchant","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12841","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyg.12841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was developed as a screening tool for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Given the need for a rapid screening test in settings such as primary care, we compare the validity of the Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS) against the MoCA, and determine cut-off scores in the old and old-old.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study involving community-dwelling 'old' (65 to 79 years old) and 'old-old' (≥ 80 years old) without dementia. Cognitive impairment was defined by MoCA score 17 to 22. Validation was done using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis: area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity (Sn), and specificity (Sp).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 183 participants (mean age 72.1 ± 5.2 years),15.8% (n = 29) were classified as cognitively impaired. The overall ROC curve had an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.75-0.90, P < 0.01) with an optimal cut-off of 7/8 on RCS (Sn 0.77, Sp 0.72). The 'old' and 'old-old' group had AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.74-0.91, P < 0.01) with 8/9 as optimal cut-off (Sn 0.51, Sp 0.96) and AUC of 0.85 (95% CI 0.66-1.03, P < 0.01) with 7/8 as optimal cut-off (Sn 0.71, Sp 1.00) respectively. In multivariate analysis, age was associated with 0.05 (95% CI -0.10-0.00, P < 0.04) point decrement, while >6 years of education was associated with 0.82 (95% CI 0.32-1.33, P < 0.01) point increment in RCS scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The three-item RCS is quick and easy to administer. Although RCS met the criterion for good validity against MoCA in predicting cognitive impairment, its utility as a first-line screening tool needs to be further validated in a large-scale population study.</p>","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":"22 1","pages":"460-468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9325369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45327015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Day service use and improved Serial 7 and Verbal fluency scores in patients with Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Yasuyuki Honjo, K. Ide, H. Takechi","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12868","url":null,"abstract":"Day services (DS) are provided as part of the Japanese public nursing care system. Recent studies have suggested a possible relationship between DS use and limited progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study examined in detail the relationship between improvements in cognitive function and DS use in people with AD.","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43406314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speedometer‐reading performance of senior drivers with cognitive impairment: a comparison of analogue and digital speedometers","authors":"Zhouyuan Peng, Momoyo Shimosaka, Hiroyuki Nishimoto, A. Kinoshita","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12863","url":null,"abstract":"With the deterioration of cognitive functions, the capability to obtain information with speed, one of the essential elements needed to perform safe driving, may be impacted. We aimed to compare the legibility of analogue and digital speedometers for senior drivers with cognitive impairment, and examined the demographic, cognitive, and driving‐related variables that predict their speedometer‐reading performance.","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47152262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of change from suvorexant to lemborexant drug in the treatment of sleep disorders","authors":"Kazumaro Okino, Hirohisa Suzuki, Seiji Kondo, H. Tomioka, Takahiro Tokumasu, Hiroki Yamada, A. Iwanami, Atsuko Inamoto","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12858","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the effects of a change in medication from suvorexant to lemborexant among patients with insomnia.","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49560898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility study of comfort with and use of sleep visualisation data from non‐wearable actigraphy among psychiatric unit staff","authors":"R. Odachi, M. Yamakawa, Keisuke Nakashima, T. Kajiwara, Yuko Takeshita, M. Iwase, Junko Tsukuda, Manabu Ikeda","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12859","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep disorders are a common factor in many psychiatric disorders, and objective observation and assessment of sleep states are important. However, observing the sleep of hospitalised patients in psychiatry units is complex. Polysomnography (PSG), the gold standard for objective sleep observation, is invasive and uncomfortable for the patient because of the sensors attached to the body. In addition, understanding the correct use of PSG systems is often difficult for observers. Wrist-worn actigraphy is an effective tool that is simpler and less invasive than PSG. However, there are unique problems associated with using wrist-worn actigraphy in a psychiatric unit. For patients with psychiatric illnesses, various issues are likely to occur, such as unexpected behaviour caused by hallucinations or cognitive decline that can result in the patient’s inability to correctly wear the device, or a lack of cooperation. Consequently, observation in psychiatric units is often limited to visual checks by nurses, which are considered to have low validity and can interfere with patient sleep. Nemuri Scan (Paramount Bed, Tokyo, Japan) is a non-wearable actigraphy system designed to avoid some of these difficulties. Because the thickness of the Nemuri Scan system is only 1.5 cm and it is placed under a mattress, it is difficult for the user to detect the device under their mattress. Therefore, the Nemuri Scan allows the continuous monitoring of their activities. The sensitivity, specificity, and concordance rate of the Nemuri Scan to PSG are equivalent to those of wearable actigraphy. This device can retrospectively collect and visualise sleep data during hospitalisation and show the patient’s current sleep state via a personal computer in the nurses’ station connected to a local area network using a function called Real-time monitor. However, little attention has been paid to how psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses utilise this technology. The current study aimed to clarify the level of interest in visualised sleep data among healthcare staff, and to explore the ways in which these data are used in a psychiatric unit. The setting of this survey was a 50-bed psychiatric unit in a general hospital with approximately 1000 beds in a major city in western Japan. This psychiatric unit contains an open ward and a closed ward. Nemuri Scan was introduced in all patients’ beds of the open ward and all private patients’ beds of the closed ward. The staff comprised 52 doctors and 25 nurses. The unit has a 10:1 nursing care system and double shifts, with three nurses working the night shift. In this investigation, a questionnaire was distributed three times: first, when the scan was introduced; second, after 3 months; and third, after 9 months. The items in the questionnaire included participants’ basic demographic information (age, gender, and clinical ladder level for nurses only), whether they believed that the data obtained from Nemuri Scan were useful, their motivations","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48615423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of dopamine transporter images in frontotemporal lobar degeneration‐motor neuron disease","authors":"R. Kobayashi, S. Kawakatsu, D. Morioka, Akihito Suzuki","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12860","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, We read with great interest Arafuka et al.’s case report on frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with trans-activation response DNA protein 43 (TDP43) type B published in this journal. Their patient exhibited a mildly decreased dopamine transporter (DAT) availability on DAT imaging 1.5 years before the onset of dysphagia. In contrast, severely decreased DAT availability was observed in a patient with a similar disease course, based on our previously reported case without confirmatory autopsy results. The authors associated the discrepancy in the severity of the DAT findings between their patient and ours with the differences in disease stage. Our recent report discussed the reduced striatal DAT availability in six patients with FTLD with motor neuron disease (MND). It included three cases of pathologically confirmed FTLD with TDP-43 type B. Moderate to severe reduction in DAT availability was observed among patients with FTLD-MND. On pathological examination, the degeneration of the substantia nigra was apparent. Meanwhile, the pathological findings for the caudate and putamen varied among patients. The patient in Arafuka et al.’s report had mild degeneration of the substantia nigra and caudate, but there was no apparent putamen damage. The mild DAT reduction in their case was likely due to the mild or minimal degeneration of the substantia nigra, caudate, and putamen, which influenced the DAT imaging results. Based on the findings of our cases and Arafuka et al.’s case, the striatal DAT imaging findings of FTLD with TDP-43 type B varies, depending on the degree of degeneration in the substantia nigra, caudate, and putamen. Another remarkable finding in the case report by Arafuka et al. was the DAT reduction, observed prior to the onset of MND symptoms in their patient. This was consistent with the clinical course of the previously reported patients. Therefore, the development of MND should be considered in FTLD patients with abnormal findings on DAT imaging. More studies on the application of DAT imaging in patients with FTLD are needed.","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44222356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elderly abuse, affecting factors and evaluation of life satisfaction: a cross‐sectional study","authors":"Muammer Yılmaz, A. Durmaz, Inci Arikan","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12862","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of abuse and its effect on life satisfaction in older adults living in our region.","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41474223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which reduces the risk of cognitive impairment: physical activity or daytime nap?","authors":"T. Kawada","doi":"10.1111/psyg.12864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12864","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Qian et al. conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the association between three lifestyles and cognitive impairment (COI) in adults aged 60 years or older. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) of tea consumption, physical activity for COI were 0.66 (0.48–0.90) and 0.79 (0.65–0.96), respectively. In addition, the adjusted OR (95% CI) of physical activity plus siesta for COI was 0.44 (0.31–0.64). Although almost all combinations of lifestyle factors had a significant negative association with COI, the adjusted OR of tea consumption plus siesta for COI did not reach the level of significance. Tea consumption and siesta are lifestyles without body movement, and physical activity may be indispensable to avoid COI. I present some information regarding siesta and cognition. Duan et al. conducted a prospective study to examine the association between sleep characteristics and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) incidence with special reference to apolipoprotein E polymorphism ε4 (APOEε4). The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CIs) of taking a nap at noon for MCI were 0.723 (0.592– 0.883) and 0.719 (0.576–0.897) in all participants and in APOEε4 non-carriers, respectively. They concluded that MCI was protected by nap regardless of APOEε4. Palpatzis et al. reported that the adjusted HR (95% CI) of daytime napping in middle-aged adults for dementia incidence was 1.67 (1.37–2.03). They also observed that the elevated dementia risk was observed regardless of genetic risk by APOE genotype. On this point, the effect of APOE on the association between sleep and incident dementia may differ in middle-aged people and older adults, because the effects of APOEε4 can vary with age and other factors. Furthermore, Riaz et al. reported that APOEε4 presented different risks of cognitive decline and dementia. Anyway, clinical outcome and age should be treated with caution, when APOEε4 is included for the analysis. Finally, Li et al. reported the association between daytime napping and subsequent risk of Alzheimer’s dementia. Longer and more frequent daytime naps were significantly associated with higher risk of Alzheimer’s dementia. In addition, there were bidirectional dose–response relationships between longer and/or more frequent daytime napping and worse levels of cognition. Causal association should be specified by further studies.","PeriodicalId":20784,"journal":{"name":"Psychogeriatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49519373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}