Ni Made Tia Juliasari, I. B. Budiarsa Suyasa, I. N. Rai
{"title":"EFEKTIVITAS PEMANFAATAN KULTUR LOKAL DALAM BIOREAKTOR PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH KERAJINAN ENDEK","authors":"Ni Made Tia Juliasari, I. B. Budiarsa Suyasa, I. N. Rai","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2022.v16.i01.p03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2022.v16.i01.p03","url":null,"abstract":"Endek is one of the fabrics that are in demand by local and foreign people. The distinctive pattern of this endek cloth continues to develop while still paying attention to the authenticity of the endek motives from Bali so that it is easily recognized by the public, however, in its production, it produces waste that causes environmental pollution therefore it needs to be managed. One of the easy and efficient textile waste management is a bioreactor by utilizing local culture. Local cultures are indicated as indigenous microorganisms originating from the waste itself. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of local cultures in bioreactors in improving wastewater quality and analyze the effectiveness of using local microbial cultures in bioreactors for treating endek wastewater. This study applied a quantitative approach with experimental methods. The processing begins with the growth of biofilms to determine the biomass profile using the Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS) method, then the color waste water is stored in an anaerobic reservoir for 24 hours then tested and then processing, later it is inundated for 1 hour before parameter measurement. The parameters tested were COD levels, color content and pH. Based on the results of the study, the optimum MLSS value obtained in the seeding process was 4490 mg/L on the 7th day and the biofilm growth biomass profile of 3240 mg/L on the 22nd day. The utilization of local microbial culture in the bioreactor in this study was effective in reducing the color content parameter by 77% at processing times of 384 and 408 hours, and decreasing pH was only effective at processing time of 6 hours and reducing COD was not effective. \u0000Keywords : endek wastewater, local culture, bioreactor, effectivenes","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131152033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PROFIL BEBERAPA KOMUNITAS PERAIRAN TELUK BANYUWEDANG","authors":"I. M. Sara Wijana, N. Ernawati","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2022.v16.i01.p10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2022.v16.i01.p10","url":null,"abstract":"Banyuwedang Bay is located in the West Bali National Park (TNBB), which is part of the conservation area. There were a lot of tourism activities developed in this area, which potentially caused disruption of the surrounding water conditions. This study aims to determine the profile of various communities in the waters of Banyuwedang Bay and as initial data to see the development of these communities due to the environmental impacts of various activities in the waters and coastal area of Banyuwedang Bay. Data was collected from five observation stations including: Community structure of Plankton, Macrozoobenthos, and seagrass, and coral reef cover. Result shows that the phytoplankton community consist of 9 genera where Nitzschia sp. (Bacillariophyceae) as the dominant species found. Phytoplankton have low diversity index ranging between 0.348 - 1.411. Zooplankton diversity index also has low value 0.693 with three genera found namely Copepoda sp., Nauplius sp. and Daphnia sp. Macrozoobenthos community is composed of 17 macrozoobenthos genera, with low diversity index ranging ??between 0.562-1.809. There are only two species of seagrass, Halophila ovalis and Cymodocea rotundata, which were found in Banyuwedang Bay. Coral reef cover seems to be ranged from poor to good conditions, with 25% - 73% coverage. Based on the result, we concluded that the Banyuwedang Bay has a moderate condition to the growth of plankton and seagrass, but good for coral reefs. Periodic monitoring is needed to find out changes in conditions that can occur in Banyuwedang Bay. \u0000Keywords: Banyuwedang Bay; community structure; macrozoobenthos","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"11 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120891923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"KUALITAS DAN TINGKAT PENCEMARAN AIR EMBUNG YEH KORI DI DESA JUNGUTAN, KECAMATAN BEBANDEM, KABUPATEN KARANGASEM","authors":"Wayan Suryana, N. Sudaryati, I. P. Sudiartawan","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2022.v16.i01.p05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2022.v16.i01.p05","url":null,"abstract":"Many people use surface water for their daily needs. Reservoir water in Yeh Kori Embung is used for various purposes; however, there has not been an inspection of the quality and pollution index that allows contamination of the reservoir. This study aims to evaluate the quality and level of pollution of Yeh Kori Embung Water in Jungutan Village, Karangasem Regency. A descriptive design with a mix-method approach was used in this study. Water samples were taken at five different stations for two periods. Furthermore, physical, chemical and biological examinations are carried out and adjusted to quality standards. The results show that pH (5.2 – 5.4) is in the acidic category and does not meet the requirements while temperature (25.3oC), TSS (32.02 mg/L), DO (6.56 mg/L), BOD ( 1.36 mg/L), COD (10.4 mg/L), NO3-N (4.38 mg/L), Total P (0.021 mg/L), and Fecal Coliform (75.08 MPN/100mL) meet quality requirements. The pollution index (IP=1.085) is classified as lightly polluted. Yeh Kori Embung water does not meet the requirements of class two water quality and requires periodic evaluation and inspection. \u0000Keywords: pH, Pollution level, Reservoir, Water quality, Yeh Kori.","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121548527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ESTIMASI POTENSI KARBON SEDIMEN MANGROVE PADA HUTAN ALAM DAN HUTAN REHABILITASI DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA NGURAH RAI BALI","authors":"Clara Rosy Irawati, I. N. Merit, I. Sudarma","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p01","url":null,"abstract":"Sediments play an important role in coastal ecosystems. Apart from being a growing medium, sediment is also a place for accumulation and storage of various components including carbon. Ngurah Rai Forest Park is the largest mangrove in Bali with a large potential for sediment carbon stocks. To determine the carbon storage of mangrove sediments in natural forest and rehabilitation forest and the relationship between diameter size and vegetation type to sediment carbon in two forest types, a study was conducted using purposive sampling method based on canopy density level with three repetitions with a plot size of 10 mx. 10 meters. Sampling was divided into three depths, namely 0-30 cm, 31-60 cm and 61-100 cm. The total carbon content of mangrove sediments in natural forest is 363,491.17 Mg C or equivalent to 363,491.17 tons C and rehabilitation forest is 160,401.33 Mg C or equivalent to 160,401.33 tons C. The total sediment carbon content in Ngurah Rai Forest Park is 523,892.50 Mg C or equivalent to 523,892.50 tons C. Tree diameter had no significant effect on sediment carbon content, while vegetation type significantly affected sediment carbon content. Sonneratia alba had a significant negative effect on natural forests, while Rhizophora stylosa had a significant positive effect on rehabilitation forests. The results of the study suggest that it is necessary to maintain the preservation of mangroves and carry out rehabilitation in damaged areas. To increase the carbon content of sediments in mangrove forests, consider selecting the type of vegetation Rhizophora stylosa for the implementation of rehabilitation activities, because the type of Rhizophora stylosa makes a positive contribution to increasing the carbon content of sediments, with a note that the rehabilitation location is suitable for Rhizoporaceae species. \u0000Keywords: Mangrove; Nature Forest; Rehabilitation; Sediment.","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"77 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116358101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PANTAI TELUK PENYU CILACAP","authors":"Nandang Bekti Karnowati, Esih Jayanti","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p06","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of waste is a challenge faced by most countries in the world. The problem of waste will continue if not addressed and will pollute the environment and negatively impact the tourist attraction area. For that, there needs to be real action to overcome the problem of Cilacap Turtle Bay beach waste. The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of variable understanding, will and income on community participation in waste management. Respondents are people who live on the coast of Turtle Bay as many as 100 people. The data was analyzed using Partial Least Square by measuring the outer model and the inner model. The results showed that the variables of understanding, willingness and income positively affect community participation in turtle bay waste management. Government support is the motivation that people expect in sustainable waste management. \u0000Keywords: participation; waste management; understanding; willingness; income.","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122063781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PENILAIAN STATUS DOMAIN SUMBER DAYA IKAN LEMURU DENGAN PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM YANG DIDARATKAN DI PPI KEDONGANAN, BALI","authors":"Ketut Tika Suariningsih, I. Restu, M. A. Pratiwi","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p08","url":null,"abstract":"PPI Kedonganan is a fish landing base located in Kedonganan Village, Kuta District, Badung Regency. One of the fish commodities that landed at PPI Kedonganan is Lemuru Fish (Sardinella lemuru). The high rate of catching Lemuru must be balanced with proper management so that Lemuru Fish Resources remain sustainable. This study was conducted to determine the status of the utilization of Lemuru fish resources. The study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2021. Data collection was carried out by observation and interviews. Data analysis of each indicator was carried out using a multi-criteria analysis approach with composite index assessment and visualization by flag model. Indicators were observed the trends of fish size, the proportion of juvenile fish were caught, the species composition, range collapse of fish resources, Endangered, Threatened, and Protected species. The status assessment of the Lemuru resource domain which landed at PPI Kedonganan is in the good category with a composite value of 66.7. Results of the trend indicators of fish size is relatively fixed, the proportion of fish juvenile caught about 90%, the composition of species caught was 100% of the target fish i.e, lemuru that caught by using gill net, range collapse of fish resources as much as 57% of fishermen expressed relatively fixed in looking for fishing grounds, and ETP species not found. \u0000Keywords: EAFM; Lemuru Fish; Fisheries Management; PPI Kedonganan.","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128787818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MICROBIAL ENRICHMENT PROCESS IN THE ANODE OF MICROBIAL FUEL CELL SYSTEM USING TOFU WASTEWATER (TWW) ANAEROBIC SLUDGE","authors":"Ibdal Satar, Adidiya Permadi, Sukma Latifatunnajib","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p05","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial fuel cell consisting two main components which are anode and cathode materials. In the microbial fuel cell, both anode and cathode compartments are separated with a separator. Anode generates the protons and electrons while cathode converts protons into water with the presence electrons and oxygen. During the Microbial fuel cell operation, the performance of anode is very crucial due to it provides the protons and electrons. Hence, the high efficiency microbial fuel cell is very related with the high anode performance. This work addressed to the enrichment process of electroactive bacteria (EAB) in anode of microbial fuel cell. In this work, some parameters such as current generations, , and pH changes were used to assess the enrichment process of EAB was reached. In addition, the presence of EAB on the anode surface was identified based on the morphology of anode surface. The removal of COD and the pH value were determined by using the American public health analysis method and pH tester, respectively. The morphology of anode surface was analysed by using a scanning electron microscope. Whereas, current generation was tested by using a mustimeter. The removal of COD and final pH were obtained 71.4 % and 5.7, respectively. The optimum current generation was observed 0.19 mA. The surface morphology of anode before enriched with microbes was clear surface, while after enriched with microbes was attached by microbes. The removal of COD, pH changes, current generation and morphology of anode surface could be used to assess the EAB in the anode compartment. \u0000Keywords: Microbial fuel cell; anode; cathode; electroactive bacteria; pH changes.","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131314678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ESTIMASI KANDUNGAN KARBON ATAS PERMUKAAN TANAH PADA HUTAN ALAM DAN HUTAN REHABILITASI MANGROVE TAMAN HUTAN RAYA NGURAH RAI BALI","authors":"Made Suartana, I. N. Merit, I. Sudarma","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p07","url":null,"abstract":"Mangroves are ecosystems that play an important role in absorbing and storing carbon from the air, one of which is in the form of mangrove vegetation biomass. As the largest mangrove area in Bali which consists of natural and rehabilitation vegetation, Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai has a large potential for high carbon content. To determine the carbon potential of mangroves in natural and rehabilitation forests, a research was conducted using the purposive sampling method based on the canopy density level which was divided into 5 categories, namely very rare, rare, moderate, dense, very dense. Based on the results of measurements and calculations, the total carbon content of Ngurah Rai Grand Forest Park is 86.521,74 tons C, consisting of natural forest content 66.857,53 tons C and rehabilitation forest 19.664,21 tons C. Above ground carbon per hectare in natural forest was not significantly different from the above ground carbon per hectare in rehabilitation forest, these results indicate that the carbon content per hectare of rehabilitation forest over 20 years old is almost close to the carbon content per hectare in natural forest. The diameter of trees and vegetation types did not significantly affect the carbon content of mangroves, these results indicate that the increase in carbon stocks in each type of vegetation in natural and rehabilitation forests is in line with diameter growth. \u0000Keywords: Biomass; Density; Diameter; Canopy.","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125304250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ni Nyoman Sri Lestari, I. M. Wirawan, Pande Putu Januraga
{"title":"PENILAIAN RISIKO KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN KECAMATAN ABIANSEMAL, KABUPATEN BADUNG","authors":"Ni Nyoman Sri Lestari, I. M. Wirawan, Pande Putu Januraga","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p04","url":null,"abstract":"Environment, a variable that often gets special attention in assessing public health and environmental health, is an effort to prevent disease. Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) is a comprehensive study about sanitation facilities' conditions and risky behaviors on public health. Abiansemal District is one of the tourist destinations that has a very complex impact, especially on environmental health aspects. Behavior is a highly potential factor for health status, clean and healthy behavior is strongly influenced by the availability of sanitation facilities in order to control physical environmental factors that can harm health. This study determines the Health Risk Index and obtains an overview of the sanitation facilities condition and community behavior that has a risk for environmental health in Abiansemal District, Badung Regency. This study used stratified random sampling using a sample in the Abiansemal sub-district which has been determined as the target study area. Households to be visited in each village were selected randomly by stratified random sampling. After finding the first household visited, an interview was conducted according to the available questionnaire and after it was completed it was forwarded to neighbors until it found 40 houses per village. SPSS 20.0 is used for the data analysis. The description of sanitation facilities and community behavior that poses a risk to health in strata 1 has the main problem in domestic waste with the highest score of 36, while strata 2 has the main problem in solid waste with a score of 43 and strata 3 has the main problem in domestic wastewater with a score of 45. Analysis results of the sanitation risk index for the category of low risk/less risky area for strata 1 (1 village), the category of high-risk area for Strata 2 (11 villages), and the category of moderate risk area is in Strata 3 (6 villages). The high-risk area is found in Strata 2 (11 villages). \u0000Keywords: EHRA; Environmental health; Abiansemal; Badung.","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129244400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ely Santari, Syamsul Alam Paturusi, Agung Suryawan
{"title":"STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN DI DANAU BUYAN KABUPATEN BULELENG","authors":"Ely Santari, Syamsul Alam Paturusi, Agung Suryawan","doi":"10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ejes.2021.v15.i02.p03","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to determine the potential of ecotourism that can be developed and to analyze visitor perceptions and to formulate environmental management strategies for development of ecotourism in TWA Danau Buyan. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative with the techniques, namely observation, interviews and questionnaires. The result of this indicate that the potential tourist attractions in TWA Lake Buyan area already exist including jungle tracking, camping, cannoing, selfie spot, outbond locations that have paid attention to environmental issues by involving the community. The perceptions of visitors were based on the function of the area, management policies, tourism activities, facilities and infrastructure, and on the willingness to stay generally quite good. Based on the IE table, the management strategy matrix was ??in quadrant V (Five) or in the hold and maintain and survival phase. These strategies included: a) Developing the unique potential in TWA Lake Buyan both natural resource potentials such as biodiversity (flora and fauna), landscape beauty, and community socio-cultural potential that could be developed and packaged into ecotourism package, b) Increasing support from the local government and participation of local communities to optimize the quality improvement of ODTW TWA Danau Buyan, both facilities and infrastructure tourism, public facilities, human resources, and increasing the promotion of cultural and spiritual tourism to foreign tourist, c) Increasing supervision in field, increasing guidance and counseling on the benefits of tourist attraction to the community, as well as inviting the public and tourists to actively participated in preserving the forest and existing tourism objects (environmentally friendly tourism awareness activities), d) Build cooperation and synergy with competent stakeholders, including the Tourism Office, the KSDA unit, the Agriculture Office, Academics, Non-Governmental Organization, local community organizations, and open for opportunities to do collaboration with the surrounding community. \u0000 Keywords: Strategy Management, Ecotourism, Nature Tourism Park, Buyan Lake","PeriodicalId":207732,"journal":{"name":"ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122485191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}