G. Henebry, Xiaoyang Zhang, J. Kimball, K. Beurs, C. Small
{"title":"Change in our MIDST: Toward detection and analysis of urban land dynamics in North and South America","authors":"G. Henebry, Xiaoyang Zhang, J. Kimball, K. Beurs, C. Small","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120496","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a new approach to monitoring urban land dynamics-the MIDST (Multiple Indicators Detecting Significant Trends) system-that we are in the process of building. One of the main foci of the project are the megacities and major conurbations of both North and South America. Here we look at the result of a simple nonparametric trend analysis applied to a MODIS NBAR NDVI image time series of southeastern interior Brazil.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124844857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diurnal analysis of surface Urban Heat Island using spatially enhanced satellite derived LST data","authors":"P. Sismanidis, I. Keramitsoglou, C. Kiranoudis","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120498","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of studying the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon has increased over the years due to the processes of urbanization and industrialization. Thermal remote sensing imagery has been extensively utilized for surface UHI (SUHI) studies. However, the low image acquisition frequency of most sensors limits its use. The Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, of the National Observatory of Athens (NOA/IAASASRS) has developed a system that produces land surface temperature (LST) time series by downscaling data retrieved from MSGSEVIRI (Meteosat Second Generation - Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager) geostationary satellite. The system has been designed specifically to facilitate urban climate studies, by producing LST datasets that combine high spatial and temporal resolution. Moreover, the large number of LST image data produced, enables their utilization to a number of different applications. In this work, LST data from the NOA/IAASARS system have been employed for the study of the diurnal evolution of the SUHI phenomenon for Athens (GR), Istanbul (TR) and Rome (IT). The results obtained refer to the summer of 2014 and highlight the intensity and temporal variation of this phenomenon for each city employed in this study.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122150787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of urbanization in Ghana based on a discrete approach to analyzing dense Landsat image stacks","authors":"D. Stow, Hsiao-chien Shih, L. Coulter","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120495","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a discrete classification approach to land cover and land use changes LCLUC identification based on stable training sites is tested on a nine-date, four year Landsat-7 ETM+ time sequence for a study area in Ghana that is prone to cloud cover. As an indication of urban expansion, change to Built cover was identified for over 70% of testing units when a spatial-temporal majority filter that ignored No Data values from clouds, cloud shadows and sensor effects was applied. Stable LCLU maps were generated and No Data effects should not limit the potential of the approach for longer-term retrospective analyses or monitoring of LCLUC in cloud prone regions.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125265850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping tree cover in European cities: Comparison of classification algorithms for an operational production framework","authors":"Antoine Lefebvre, P.-A. Picand, C. Sannier","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120511","url":null,"abstract":"In the framework of the Urban Atlas 2012 production, this paper investigated a set of generative models (Maximum likelihood, k-means) and discriminative models (k Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine and Neural Network) to extract urban-tree cover at a European scale. Based on SPOT-5 images and a training on a large coarse resolution dataset, this study tested the performance of these algorithms on 3 cities regarding their geographical location, urban morphology and acquisition dates. Result reveals that discriminative models are more robust than generative ones. It shows that overall accuracy varies from 75% for the k-means classifier to 85% for the neural network. It also shows that neural networks provide the most balanced results (ratio between commission and omission errors) leading to be most suitable algorithm to process different cities with heterogeneous data.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126988786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial validation of an urban energy balance model using multi-temporal remotely sensed surface temperature","authors":"P. J. Alexander, R. Fealy, G. Mills","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120500","url":null,"abstract":"Despite a growing number of urban energy balance (UEB) model applications being undertaken within urban climate literature, the number of independent validation exercises remains very limited. This in turn has raised questions as to the value of model applications without due consideration to the models performance in space and time. The PILPS-URBAN project went some ways towards understanding the general performance of 33 UEB models and highlighted the need for careful treatment of urban and non-urban land surfaces within model parameterization and also the derivation of input parameters. Nevertheless, the need for independent external validation of specific models is now evident. Here we undertake an external evaluation of the SUEWS model in Dublin (Ireland). We present a method for spatially validating the model across the entire Dublin area by employing remotely sensed surface temperatures obtained through the MODIS satellite platform.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130057575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A fuzzy fusion approach for improved urban area detection in multi-resolution SAR data","authors":"Andreas Salentinig, P. Gamba","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120516","url":null,"abstract":"This work is devoted to the fusion of fuzzy sets generated by already existing, highly sophisticated built-up area detection algorithms in order to enhance the quality of urban area extraction results. Coarse resolution ASAR Wide Swath Mode (75 m) and high resolution ASAR Fine Mode (30 m) has been used for analysis. Through the combination of multi-resolution information the advantages of both data types are utilized and improved human settlement extraction results, with respect to the heterogeneous mix of artificial and natural inner-urban structures can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131100080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Engstrom, Avery Sandborn, Q. Yu, Jason Burgdorfer, D. Stow, J. Weeks, J. Graesser
{"title":"Mapping slums using spatial features in Accra, Ghana","authors":"R. Engstrom, Avery Sandborn, Q. Yu, Jason Burgdorfer, D. Stow, J. Weeks, J. Graesser","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120494","url":null,"abstract":"In order to map the spatial extent and location of slum settlements multiple methodologies have been devised including remote sensing based methods and field based methods using surveys and census data. In this study we utilize spatial, structural, and contextual features (e.g., PanTex, Histogram of Oriented Gradients, Line Support Regions, Hough transforms and others) calculated at multiple spatial scales from high spatial resolution satellite data to map slum areas and compare these estimates to three field based slum maps: one from the UN Habitat/Accra Metropolitan Assembly (UNAMA) and two census data derived maps based on the UN Habitat definition of a slum, a simple slum/non-slum dichotomy map, and a slum index map. When comparing the remotely sensed derived slum areas to the UNAMA slum definition results indicate an overall accuracy of 94.3% and a Kappa of 0.91. When compared to the dichotomous, census derived slum maps the results are not as accurate. This reduced accuracy is due to the substantial over prediction of slums, especially if only one criterion was missing, using the census data. In relation to the slum index, the remote sensing estimates of slums were significantly correlated with an r2 of 0.45 and when population density was taken into account, the correlation increased to an r2 of 0.78. Overall, the remote sensing methodology provides a reasonable estimate of slum areas and variations within the city.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133804498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A fast screening method for detecting cars in UAV images over urban areas","authors":"Thomas Moranduzzo, Abdallah Zeggada, F. Melgani","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120472","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a fast screening method to isolate asphalted areas in urban images acquired with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The screening is a key stage of a standard car detection and counting approach allowing to improve the computational time and reduce the number of false alarms. The proposed screening method subdivides the original UAV image into tiles which are then considered separately. From each tile a signature which represents the color information of the scene is extracted and compared with a training library to find the most similar tile. In the context of this work, two matching strategies have been considered. Promising experimental results are conducted on real UAV images acquired over urban areas. In particular, we show the accuracy of the screening approach compared with two reference techniques. In addition, in the last part of the work, we analyze the influence of the different masking methods on a car detection and counting approach.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122724675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donato Amitrano, G. D. Martino, A. Iodice, D. Riccio, G. Ruello
{"title":"Urban areas enhancement in multitemporal SAR RGB images through a feedback system","authors":"Donato Amitrano, G. D. Martino, A. Iodice, D. Riccio, G. Ruello","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120527","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we introduce a feedback system for the enhancement of urban areas in Level-1α multitemporal RGB composite. In particular, our method focus on the interferometric coherence, whose estimator performances depends on the dimension of the computation window. The proposed method allows for the mitigation of this problem, reducing speckle and increasing the resolution and the accuracy of the output maps through the generation of an adaptive window, bringing benefits also in the process of buildings extraction.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125009055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mitigation of thermal expansion phase in persistent scatterer interferometry in an urban environment","authors":"U. Wegmüller, C. Werner","doi":"10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2015.7120505","url":null,"abstract":"In an urban environment the differential phase due to thermal expansion of structures is relevant. Uncorrected, the thermal expansion phase leads to a loss of persistent scatterers and increased errors in the deformation time series. In the upper part of tall buildings the thermal expansion phase can vary strongly over time which may result in a complete lack of displacement information if uncompensated. The objective of our work was to estimate and mitigate the thermal expansion phase in our PSI processing. As a result it became possible to include tall buildings into the PSI solution and the accuracy of the solution was improved for all scatterers affected by thermal expansion.","PeriodicalId":207233,"journal":{"name":"2015 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (JURSE)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115987614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}