Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of ammonia oxidation reactor in the mode of maximum nitrogen productivity","authors":"Анатолій Іванович Жученко, Володимир Олександрович Оніщенко, Віталій Степанович Цапар","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.4.2020.219782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.4.2020.219782","url":null,"abstract":"The production of nitric acid is quite complex and complicated by different stages of production, the main stages are the preparation of ammonia-air mixture to ensure and carry out the oxidation process at the stage of obtaining nitric oxide with subsequent use at the stage of absorption to obtain the final product of nitric acid. In the production of nitric acid, special attention is paid to the oxidation stage, at this stage the main product is formed, which provides nitric acid during the reaction of nitrogen with water at the stage of adsorption. The oxidation stage is the main cost part in the formation of the price function of the cost of the product, so the task of improving the productivity of equipment at this stage, one of the important tasks in building a control system and operation of the ammonia oxidation reactor.The article considers the use of a simplified mathematical [1] model of reactor space dynamics. Based on this model, studies were conducted and the acceleration curve of the APS oxidation reactor was constructed. One of the important features of the oxidation reactor is its complex multi-section structure [2]. The oxidation takes place on three series-mounted layers in the reactor. This design allows you to increase the flow rate of the load and increase the yield of nitrogen from the reactor. Therefore, the mathematical model provides a simplified system of equations with a sequential calculation of each layer in the dynamics of the reactor and the technological parameters of the process at a given time.The oxidation reactor is considered in the article as an object of automatic control and is described by a mathematical model of dynamics in the form of differential equations. The reaction volume dynamics model reflects the dependence of the temperature in the contact layer on the load flow, as well as the dependence of the concentration of nitric oxide on the flow rate and temperature of the reaction mixture at the time of contact with the catalyst.This mathematical model, adequate to the actual course of the oxidation process, will investigate the dependence of the yield of nitric oxide on the specified input values of the flow rate in each section of the reactor. Increasing the yield of nitric oxide will increase the productivity of the reactor, by meeting the quality requirements of the starting product [3] and reducing the economic costs of nitric acid production.The proposed mathematical model allows us to consider a reactor with three layers of contact in the mode of maximum load, which allows to obtain the maximum degree of conversion of ammonia-air mixture. The obtained results of the research allow to form the requirements for the automatic control system and to reflect the reaction of the object to the change of the controlled parameters.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80344577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of web services in technological process control systems","authors":"Дмитро Олександрович Ковалюк, Ілля Кармазін, Олег Олександрович Ковалюк","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.4.2020.219783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.4.2020.219783","url":null,"abstract":"The optimal control of technological objects and processes is usually implemented by computer control systems with complicated structure and relations between elements. On the one hand, it allows to perform the functions of automatic control and regulation, alarms, process status registration and visualization. On the other hand, this leads to a significant complication of the systems because of increased process intensity, speed, accuracy and quality requirements.Use of web services is the most popular approach to solve the problem of integration and coordination of system elements. It is based on the exchange of messages of a special (universal) format between parts of the system and processing the responses.The role of web service and its place in control system has been analyzed. The most appropriate place is between the levels of PLC - controllers and SCADA one. It allows you to receive current information about the state of the technological process and implement the following functions: data acquisition by controllers; storage data to the database; providing data to the operator on demand and it’s visualization in real time; monitoring and alarms of process parameters.The web service build with Microsoft ASP.NET has been proposed for use in computer control systems. The key benefit of this technology are: open-source, cross-platform, fast and scalable. The development of web-services in control systems is a universal approach that can be applied to a large class of objects or processes. In the article the web service for temperature control has been proposed. The key task of the system is temperature data acquisition from the control object, to save information to the database, visualize the temperature curve, notify when the temperature exceeds limits.Since the Microsoft technology stack is already in use, MS SQL has been chosen. To increase the speed of development the Entity Framework Core application has been used, which provides a way to interact with data. To provide the security of the database and prevent development errors, a library has been implemented to access the database. It provides two interfaces Repository and Unit Of Work. Repository is an interface for interacting with each object in the database. The advantage of this interface is abstraction that removes dependency of a specific class implementation.The hardware of control system consists of programmable platform Arduino and such modules: Arduino Uno – the platform on the Atmega 328 microcontroller with built-in interface SPI, I2C, UART, 5 analog inputs and 13 discrete built-in power lines 3.3 and 5 V; MAX6675 - signal conversion module (12-bit ADC); thermocouple type K; ESP8266-01 - module with Wi-Fi interface; DS3132 - real time clock module.The modules interact according to the following algorithm: Arduino calls the thermocouple module and remembers the value, then calls the time module and forms a data period in which it places the time and temperature value. The ","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81581861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotary recuperator statics: search for optimal operating modes","authors":"Богдан Анатолійович Гавриш, Михайло Володимирович Коржик, Михайло Васильович Лукінюк","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.4.2020.219781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.4.2020.219781","url":null,"abstract":"The operation of the recuperator requires electricity, but saves heat. An urgent problem is to find the optimal mode of operation of the recuperator.The previous article described the experiment, presented the results of experimental studies, obtained a model of statics of a rotary recuperator and compared it with the experiment - the comparison showed sufficient accuracy (about a tenth of a degree). Experimental studies were performed with recuperators manufactured by REMAK model XPXR.The problem of static optimization on the principle of the greatest economic benefit (the greatest energy saving in terms of energy cost) is formed. The problem is solved for the case of obtaining thermal energy from the own boiler of the company.The received algorithm of search of optimum operating modes is introduced for increase of energy saving in ALC \"Institute of the radio measuring equipment\" in the cold period of the year.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81433073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorption properties of organosolv lignin towards methylene blue","authors":"Віта Василівна Галиш, Ніна Валеріївна Соколовська, Аліна Анатоліївна Ніколайчук, Ірина Віталіївна Трембус","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.2.2020.208327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2020.208327","url":null,"abstract":"Involvement of secondary raw materials such as plant wastes and by-products of plant materials processing for solving problems of environmental pollution is considered as a promising direction by scientists in many countries of the world. The purpose of the paper is to study the structure and sorption properties of lignin as a by-product of organosolv delignification of wheat straw. In this work lignin precipitated from the spent cooking solution after oxidative-organosolv delignification of wheat straw was used as the raw material. Different methods of analysis were used to study the structure and properties of the obtained lignin, including gravimetric, spectroscopy, and microscopy. The sorption capacity of the material with respect to methylene blue was studied using model solutions and a spectrophotometric method to determine dye concentrations. Investigation of the sample by the method of infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that organosolv lignin is a highly dispersed material with particles of various shapes and sizes, and contains a small number of polysaccharides, the total pore volume of such material is 0.431 cm 3 . The sorption capacity of lignin towards methylene blue was investigated as a function of the pH of the dye aqueous solution, its initial concentration, and the duration of the process. It is shown that the sorption capacity is largely depends on the pH of the medium and increases with a change in pH from 3 to 6. However, a further increase in pH does not change the specified indicator. This dependence of the sorption capacity is related to the property of the surface of the plant material to change the charge from positive in acidic medium to negative in neutral and alkaline, due to the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups (mainly phenolic and aliphatic hydroxyls), which are easy can be protonated and deprotonated. The absorption kinetics of the dye is quite fast and the sorption equilibrium is reached within the first 120 min of contact. Pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models and intraparticle diffusion were used to study the sorption kinetics. Compared to the kinetic model of pseudo-first order (R 2 = 0,985) and intraparticle diffusion (R 2 = 0,856), the kinetic model of pseudo-second order (R2 = 0,999) better describes the kinetics of sorption and indicates that fixation of the dye on the surface of the material takes place with the involvement of different mechanisms. To study the adsorption equilibrium in the sorption of methylene blue, model solutions with initial dye concentrations of 30 to 500 mg/l were used. It was found that at an initial concentration of methylene blue in a solution below 100 mg/l, the sorption capacity increases linearly with increasing initial concentrations. Then the increase in the sorption capacity is slower. The maximum sorption capacity is 44.7 mg/g. In the case of the adsorption isotherm, the Langmuir equation (R 2 = 0.996) is more suitable than th","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87464007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface modification of mixed sorbents with sulfide ions for purification of galvanic wash water of copper plating process","authors":"Ольга Степанівна Худоярова, Ольга Анатоліївна Гордієнко, Тетяна Іванівна Сидорук, Тарас Сергійович Тітов, А.П. Ранський","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.2.2020.208054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2020.208054","url":null,"abstract":"Galvanic wastes are the main source of heavy metals entering the environment and irrational use of water as a technical resource. In order to rationally use purified water in closed production cycles and reuse removed/regenerated metals, it is important to study and implement local systems of rinsing water in electrochemical production. The complex water purification of copper plating of galvanic and sulphide-alkaline wastewater of petrochemical productions with the use of regenerated mixed sorbent (AC + K) depending on the order of modification of the sorption surface and pH of the initial medium has been investigated: method A, modification of copper (II), pH = 1.5-2.5; method B, sulfide-hydrosulfide modification of copper (II), pH = 12.6-13.2, as well as the concentration of the original sulfide-alkaline solution. A method of topochemical purification of galvanic copper flushing waters from copper (II) ions is proposed. It was found that the primary sorption of sorbents/ions Cu 2+ , S 2- , HS - has a selective character, is determined by morphology, heterogeneity and the presence of active centers on the surface of the studied sorbents and therefore has a different investigated adsorption sequence. The obtained data indicate a slight adsorption of Cu 2+ on the matrix surface, which is explained by both the nature of the adsorbate and the morphology of the adsorbent (AC + K) after its acid-base activation. It is obvious that the mixed microporous sorbents (AC + K) studied by us show cation exchange properties. Mainly carboxyl groups carry out sorption/binding of Cu 2+ ions. It was found that the maximum sorption of copper (II) ions on the matrix surface, which has a small number of acidic carboxyl groups, takes place in a strongly acidic medium at pH = 1.5-2.5. Preliminary modification of the surface of sorbents (AC + K) with more active sulfide and hydrosulfide ions leads to a significant increase in its selective adsorption relative to copper (II) ions. Modification of the surface of mixed sorbents (AC + K) with sulfur-containing ions (S 2- , HS - ) allowed increasing the degree of extraction of copper (II) cations from the washing galvanic waters of the copper-plating process by 51.9%. Adsorption of sorbents by method A or method B begins with the formation of a sorption complex between the sorbate (Cu 2+ , S 2- , HS - ) and the primary activated center of the sorbent (AC + K). Taking into account the possible catalytic influence of the surface of activated carbon on the passage of topochemical transformations, the change of the valence-coordination node CuO 2 S 2 (H 2 O) 2 will take place with the formation of the intermediate [CuS 2 ]. It was found that topochemical reactions of formation of copper (II) CuS x polysulfides (x=2,3) take place on the surface of activated carbon, followed by their disproportionation to copper (II) sulfide and elemental sulfur. IR spectral and X-ray phase studies have established the possibility of undergoing t","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79031647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The current state of the problem of manufacture and using synthesis gas based on the carbon gasification reaction. Part 1. Analysis of the gasification process and its practical application","authors":"Євген Миколайович Панов, Антон Янович Карвацький, Сергій Володимирович Лелека, Ігор Олегович Мікульонок","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2020.207801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2020.207801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75743374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical utilization of sodium chloride solutions with obtaining iron chlorides","authors":"Яна Павлівна Крижановська, Ірина Миколаївна Макаренко, Микола Дмитрович Гомеля, Тетяна Олександрівна Шаблій","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2020.207815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2020.207815","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85939996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The expert system for automated quality control of glass products","authors":"Артем Юрійович Сазонов, Владислав Олегович Сліпченко, Сергій Валерійович Привала, Ірина Юріївна Черепанська","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2020.207971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2020.207971","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79067776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the use of catalysts of various types in the processes of neutralization of carbon monoxide of flue gases","authors":"Олена Іванівна Іваненко, Юлія Вікторівна Носачова, Тетяна Анатоліївна Оверченко, Марія Вікторівна Наконечна","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2020.207808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2020.207808","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79231141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substantiation Of THE METHOD OF CLEANING GAS HEATON WITH DRYING GRANULATION","authors":"Руслан Віталійович Кичак, Володимир Валерійович Новодворський, Андрій Романович Степанюк","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2019.171018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2019.171018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76640747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}