最大产氮模式下氨氧化反应器的研究

Анатолій Іванович Жученко, Володимир Олександрович Оніщенко, Віталій Степанович Цапар
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引用次数: 0

摘要

硝酸的生产是相当复杂和复杂的,不同的生产阶段,主要阶段是氨-空气混合物的制备,以确保在获得一氧化氮阶段进行氧化过程,并在吸收阶段进行后续使用,以获得最终产品硝酸。在硝酸的生产中,特别注意氧化阶段,在此阶段形成主要产物,在吸附阶段氮与水反应时提供硝酸。氧化阶段是产品成本价格函数中形成的主要成本部分,因此提高这一阶段设备的生产率是氨氧化反应器控制系统建设和运行的重要任务之一。本文考虑了反应堆空间动力学的简化数学[1]模型的使用。在此模型的基础上进行了研究,构建了APS氧化反应器的加速曲线。复杂的多段结构是氧化反应器的重要特点之一。氧化发生在反应器中串联安装的三个层上。这种设计可以增加负荷的流量,增加反应器的氮产量。因此,该数学模型提供了一个简化的方程组,在给定时间内对反应器动力学中的每一层和工艺参数进行顺序计算。本文将氧化反应器视为一个自动控制对象,并用微分方程形式的动力学数学模型来描述氧化反应器。反应体积动力学模型反映了接触层温度对负荷流量的依赖关系,以及反应混合物与催化剂接触时一氧化氮浓度对流速和温度的依赖关系。这个数学模型,适合于氧化过程的实际过程,将研究一氧化氮的产率对反应器各部分流速的指定输入值的依赖关系。提高一氧化氮产率将提高反应器的生产率,满足起始产品[3]的质量要求,降低硝酸生产的经济成本。所提出的数学模型允许我们考虑在最大负荷模式下具有三层接触的反应器,这允许获得最大程度的氨-空气混合物的转化。所获得的研究结果可以形成对自动控制系统的要求,并反映对象对被控参数变化的反应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Investigation of ammonia oxidation reactor in the mode of maximum nitrogen productivity
The production of nitric acid is quite complex and complicated by different stages of production, the main stages are the preparation of ammonia-air mixture to ensure and carry out the oxidation process at the stage of obtaining nitric oxide with subsequent use at the stage of absorption to obtain the final product of nitric acid. In the production of nitric acid, special attention is paid to the oxidation stage, at this stage the main product is formed, which provides nitric acid during the reaction of nitrogen with water at the stage of adsorption. The oxidation stage is the main cost part in the formation of the price function of the cost of the product, so the task of improving the productivity of equipment at this stage, one of the important tasks in building a control system and operation of the ammonia oxidation reactor.The article considers the use of a simplified mathematical [1] model of reactor space dynamics. Based on this model, studies were conducted and the acceleration curve of the APS oxidation reactor was constructed. One of the important features of the oxidation reactor is its complex multi-section structure [2]. The oxidation takes place on three series-mounted layers in the reactor. This design allows you to increase the flow rate of the load and increase the yield of nitrogen from the reactor. Therefore, the mathematical model provides a simplified system of equations with a sequential calculation of each layer in the dynamics of the reactor and the technological parameters of the process at a given time.The oxidation reactor is considered in the article as an object of automatic control and is described by a mathematical model of dynamics in the form of differential equations. The reaction volume dynamics model reflects the dependence of the temperature in the contact layer on the load flow, as well as the dependence of the concentration of nitric oxide on the flow rate and temperature of the reaction mixture at the time of contact with the catalyst.This mathematical model, adequate to the actual course of the oxidation process, will investigate the dependence of the yield of nitric oxide on the specified input values of the flow rate in each section of the reactor. Increasing the yield of nitric oxide will increase the productivity of the reactor, by meeting the quality requirements of the starting product [3] and reducing the economic costs of nitric acid production.The proposed mathematical model allows us to consider a reactor with three layers of contact in the mode of maximum load, which allows to obtain the maximum degree of conversion of ammonia-air mixture. The obtained results of the research allow to form the requirements for the automatic control system and to reflect the reaction of the object to the change of the controlled parameters.
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