Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving最新文献

{"title":"Indirect determination of the melting temperature in aluminum scrap furnaces","authors":"Ye.N. Panov, M. Bozhenko, M. Korzhyk","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283520","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis of literary sources, it is shown that the production of secondary non-ferrous metals, and aluminum in particular, is very efficient since the costs of raw materials and materials for their production are much lower than for the production of primary metals. For the production of 1 ton of secondary aluminum, of which about 100,000 tons are produced in Ukraine, about 2,000 kWh of electrical energy is consumed, which is 7-9 times less than for the production of aluminum by the electrolytic method. At the same time, emissions of hydrogen fluoride and resinous substances into the atmosphere, which occur during the production of primary aluminum, are virtually eliminated. Furnaces heated by the burning of gaseous or liquid fuel, as well as furnaces with electric heating, are used for melting aluminum scrap, curing and processing the obtained aluminum. Previous authors’ research concerned the study of temperature and thermal conditions of operation of a stationary furnace for remelting aluminum scrap with electric and gas heating. The working space of the furnace is made in the form of a lined rectangular chamber with a floor, side and end walls, and a vault. The chamber has two zones: the lower one, where the aluminum is located after melting the loaded scrap, and the upper one (without melt). According to the technology, aluminum scrap is first loaded into the furnace through open prechambers, then external heating devices are turned on and the solid material is heated and melted, and then the molten metal is brought to the required temperature, after which steel and other impurities are removed from the working space through prechambers and perform casting of products. After the aluminum casting is complete, the cycle is repeated. Measurement of the melt temperature is usually carried out by thermocouples placed in stainless steel covers or ceramic covers, which, after melting the aluminum, are inserted into the working space of the furnace through holes in the vault. It is noted that the service life of such thermocouples is quite limited due to the destruction of the stainless steel covers upon contact with the melt, and the ceramic covers are quite fragile. That's why a method of an indirect determining the temperature of the melt, which will allow constant control of this temperature and save money on the manufacture of thermocouples in covers, was developed. The results of calculation studies on the determination of the heat flux density and the temperature of the outer surfaces of the side and end walls of the furnace for remelting aluminum scrap in the melt temperature range of 670-750 ºС that were performed using the software developed by the authors, are given. The results of calculations for all options with the relevant specified materials and thicknesses of individual layers of fences, heat transfer surface area and melt temperature tm included the heat flow density q, W / m2; wall temperature of the outer surface of","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76764916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flange connections of chemical technology equipment and pipelines","authors":"Іgor Mikulionok, A. Karvatskii, O. Ivanenko, S. Leleka","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283516","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the research is the most common type of detachable joints in chemical, petrochemical, oil refining, food and energy machine and apparatus construction, namely flanged joints of technological and auxiliary equipment, as well as pipelines. \u0000The study of the state of the issue and trends in the development of structural and technological design of flanged joints is based on a critical analysis of scientific and technical sources of information and, above all, patent information of the leading countries of the world, since it is in the patent documentation that information is given about innovative developments in the relevant field of engineering and technology. \u0000With the help of methods of analysis and synthesis, flange connections that affect the efficiency of operation of equipment and pipelines in the chemical and related fields of technology have been systematized. A thorough classification has been developed for each type of device, based on which the most interesting designs proposed by scientists, designers and inventors of the world's leading countries have been examined in detail. A critical assessment of most of the above constructions is provided, their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Preference is given to sources of information from the end of the second and beginning of the third millennium. \u0000The constructions of flanged joints were analyzed depending on the degree of assembly, the degree of mobility of their structural elements, the possibility of removing the flanges without dismantling the entire joint, the mechanism of compression of the sealing gasket, the presence of additional functions, as well as the material of the flanges. \u0000It is shown that, despite the considerable variety of developed designs of flanged connections, the most demanded by the industry are flat welded and butt-welded flanges, as well as free flanges on a welded ring. However, thanks to the advances in materials science and computer modelling, the search for new flange connection designs continues. \u0000The developed detailed classification of flange connections can be useful to the developers of new equipment for the creation of highly efficient technological equipment of various industries.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85559022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of high performance electrocoalescer based on experimental data","authors":"Redrikh Putiatin, V. Tsapar","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283523","url":null,"abstract":"Modern approaches to automatic control of crude oil dewatering and desalting are predominantly model-free, and described model-based systems lack precise mathematical description. Not a single research provides a dynamic input-output model for electric dehydrator, suitable for control system development. As far as electric dehydrator, which is the main plant to control in the process, is a non-linear system with distributed parameters, a need for linearization arises. The aim of present study is to compare different methods for obtaining approximate transfer function of an electric dehydrator from graphical experimental data.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77721954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Іnfluence of finishing on the material performances","authors":"Anatolyi Danylkovych, O. Sanginova","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283526","url":null,"abstract":"The complex of polyacrylic and polyurethane films physical and mechanical properties and the operational properties of leather decorated with them has been studied. The polyacrylate and polyurethane protective coatings formation is performed on the grain face of the semi-finished leather. \u0000150–200 µm thick films are formed from the polymer solutions and aqueous dispersions. Acrylic films are obtained from a dispersion of methylbutylacrylate and a dispersion modified by acrylic lcarboxyethanolamine of kerosene-gas-oil fraction natural naphthenic acids. Polyurethane films are formed by the method of condensation structure formation in the presence of water vapor based on 4,4’-diphenylmethanediisocyanate, polyethylene glycol and polyester. Polyacrylurethane films are obtained from an aqueous dispersion of polyurethane and acrylate Lepton SPC. \u0000The coating is applied to the semi-finished leather by watering and spraying the polymer composition. The complex of physical-mechanical and sorption-diffusion properties of polymer films has been studied. It was found that the films obtained from the polyacrylurethane composition outperform polyurethane and polyacrylic by 1.9 and 6.7 times, respectively. Modification of the polyurethane composition with a polyacrylic polymer makes it possible to obtain films with higher sorption-diffusion properties. \u0000Polyurethane coated leather is superior to polyacrylic in the complex of physical and mechanical parameters, in particular in terms of adhesive strength in 3.4-4.4 times, and polyacrylurethane coated leather - in 5 times. Such leather has the highest sorbino-diffusion capacity, which is 1.4 times higher in vapor permeability compared to skins with polyacrylic coating. The acrylurethane polymer-based composition is promising formation of eco-coatings based on them in the technology of manufacturing leather materials. The studied polymeric film formers can be used for the formation of various kind protective coatings on a wide range of semi-finished leather products.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79055561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of phosphate removal from water on reverse osmotic filters","authors":"M. Gomelya, I. Trus, A. Vakulenko, A. Taranenko","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283525","url":null,"abstract":"Eutrophication of natural water bodies caused by an excess of biogenic substances is one of the global environmental problems of modern times. Usually, phosphorus is a limiting biogenic element, the concentration of which determines the intensity of eutrophication processes in water bodies. Therefore, it is important to develop methods aimed at preventing excessive amounts of phosphates from entering the environment. To remove phosphates from water, typically used biological degradation technologies, which usually proceed very slowly and depend on the conditions under which the process takes place. Also, Biogenic elements can be removed by using ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and chemical methods. However, the disposal of concentrated solutions becomes an issue with these methods. Baromembrane purification methods, particularly reverse osmosis, are becoming increasingly important in the field of water treatment and purification and are essential in creating efficient and low-waste complex technologies for water purification from biogenic compounds. The study investigated the processes of removing orthophosphates from distilled and artesian water using a low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane Filmtec TW30-1812-50. The dependence of membrane productivity and selectivity on the concentration of phosphates and the degree of permeate rejection was determined. Was found that residual concentrations of phosphates in the permeate increase with the increase in the degree of permeate rejection. The lowest residual concentrations of phosphates were observed at the initial concentration of up to 10 mg/dm3. The highest residual phosphate concentrations were observed at initial concentrations above 900 mg/dm3. At the same time, the membrane productivity constantly decreased with increasing feed concentration and degree of permeate recovery due to the increased osmotic pressure on the membrane. The selectivity of the membrane was highest at an initial concentration of up to 10 mg/dm3 and slightly decreased at a rejection rate of 20-50% for initial phosphate concentrations of 100-900 mg/dm3. At the maximum degree of permeate rejection (90%), the selectivity of the membrane reached 97-99 % and decreased with an increase in phosphate concentrations, which is due to a change in the pH of the medium, hydrolysis of phosphates, hydration of ions, and concentration polarization. The membrane selectivity for phosphates in solutions in artesian water was slightly lower (95-99 %), which was due to the competing influence of chlorides, sulfates, and bicarbonates, as well as a decrease in the pH of the solution to 7.52-7.67, which promotes the hydrolysis of o-phosphates.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79814257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of the adhesion strength between layers of composite polymeric materials","authors":"V. Makovskyi, Andrii Chemerys","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276445","url":null,"abstract":"In today's world, structural elements made of composite polymeric materials (CPMs) are widely used in various engineering fields. One of the innovative directions of using CPMs is the creation of composite membranes based on a different set of polymers and fabrics. Based on the results of the literature analysis, the direction of studying the adhesion strength of banner fabric layers was chosen. \u0000The purpose of this work is to build a computational model and numerically analyze the adhesion strength of the layers of the banner fabric, which may lead to the development of new materials with improved mechanical and physical properties. This will ensure their wider application in various industries, science, and technology. \u0000The developed methods make it possible to accurately assess the adhesion strength between the layers of the CPM and can be used both in the production of CPM and in the creation of new structures based on composite polymeric materials.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"209 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86842752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological features of production high-quality packaging material with metallized paper for the food industry","authors":"V. Ploskonos, V. Halysh","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276448","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The barrier properties of paper-based packaging may not be sufficient for long-term storage to ensure the quality and taste of packaged food products. All this requires researching the technological features and developing a combined packaging material in which the base paper is combined with polymer materials or a metallized coating is applied to its surface. \u0000Results and discussion Food products are very sensitive to the influence of external factors, so the barrier properties of paper-based packaging become insufficient for long-term storage to ensure the quality of food products and their taste properties. All this requires the development and mastery of the production of modern barrier combined packaging materials and conducting research on the development of requirements for base paper in order to obtain combined, namely: metallized packaging materials. As research results have shown, base paper should be characterized by high resistance to mechanical influences in the process of processing, as well as exploitation of the finished material. It should have a surface that provides optimal interaction with the foil, have high barrier and protective properties. \u0000In the process of carrying out research on the creation of a new combined package, the requirements for the metallized material and the quality of the base paper were determined. The index of smoothness of the surface of the base paper should not be lower than 150 s, and its moisture content should not exceed 4%, because its higher values, as experiments have shown, do not allow creating the necessary rarefaction in the chamber for metallization and ensuring the uniformity of metal application. In the case of spraying aluminum with increased residual humidity of the paper, intensive oxidation processes take place, which negatively affect the quality of the coating, its protective properties and the strength of adhesion (adhesion) to the surface of the substrate. \u0000As a result of the research, graphical dependences of the electrical resistance and opacity of the metallized material on the thickness of the coating were also obtained, which plays an important role in improving the protective, barrier and other properties of the packaging. Experimental data were also obtained that illustrate the influence of the speed of rewinding and the smoothness of the surface of the base paper in the process of metallization in a vacuum on the indicator of electrical resistance, which is an indirect characteristic of the thickness of the metallized coating of the material. \u0000The conducted studies of the new combined metallized packaging material also showed that the coating contributes to the improvement of the protective properties of the material and the tightness of the packaging, namely: reducing gas permeability, weakening the effect of optical radiation on products, increasing the opacity and smoothness of the surface. \u0000Conclusions New packaging materials created in the course of resea","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86987380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical and experimental studies of the electrical properties of electrical contact gasket for the graphitizing of electrode preparations in direct heating furnaces","authors":"A. Karvatskii, Іgor Mikulionok, S. Leleka, V. Vytvytskyi","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276444","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of specific contact electrical resistance (SCER) and specific electrical resistance (SER) of electrical contact gaskets (ECG) made of thermally expanded graphite (TEG) and intended for their placement on the ends of electrode blanks before their graphitization in direct heating furnaces – furnaces Castner's. The obtained data of SCER “graphite–gasket–graphite” and SER (or electrical conductivity) of the ECG material are needed to minimize the energy consumption of the graphitization process using numerical modeling of the thermoelectric state of Castner's furnaces in order to develop energy-efficient regulations for their operation. \u0000The method of two samples was used for the experimental determination of the SCER, and the theoretical-experimental approach was used for the study of the SER, which makes it possible to exclude the influence of the contact resistance between the experimental sample and the electrodes for supplying the electric current on the value of the measured quantity and is based on the solution of the inverse coefficient problem of electrical conductivity (ICPE) using experimental data obtained during the SCER study. \u0000A mathematical formulation of the ICPE was formulated, a numerical method and an algorithm for its solution were developed, and a study of the SER of the TEG at different values of temperature and pressure was carried out. \u0000Determination of SCER and SER was carried out for ECG material with an initial density of 1000 kg/m3 in the temperature range up to 250 °С under different pressures in the range of up to 1.75 MPa. The results of these studies are presented in the form of two-parameter dependences on pressure and temperature with extrapolation up to 3000 °C. The measurement error of SCER and SER by the specified methods is estimated to be within 4–5% in the intervals of temperature change up to 250 °С and pressure up to 1.75 MPa. \u0000The obtained SCER and SER dependences for the ECG material are needed to perform a numerical analysis of the thermoelectric state of Castner's furnaces in order to develop rational graphitization regulations.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"86 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87680325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of water purification from oil with aluminum coagulants","authors":"M. Vozniuk, T. Shabliy","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276446","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the processes of reagent purification of aqueous emulsions from oil using aluminum coagulants, such as: aluminum sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxochloride, were investigated. In emulsion cleaning processes, coagulants were used separately, as well as in the presence of sorbents: bentonite or activated carbon. \u0000The results of the conducted studies demonstrate that aluminum sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxochloride in doses of 2–50 mg/dm3 provide a high degree of oil extraction from emulsions. The degree of water purification reaches 97–99 %. \u0000It was established that the efficiency of oil extraction from water with the help of aluminum coagulants depends significantly on the chemical composition of the coagulant and the original mineralization of the water. Aluminum hydroxide has the greatest efficiency in removing oil from water, which ensures the maximum reduction of oil concentration in both fresh and mineralized water. \u0000The combined use of aluminum coagulants and sorbents such as bentonite and activated carbon is characterized by fluctuating efficiency, which depends on the type of coagulant and sorbent, their concentrations, and the mineralization of the source water. \u0000To a large extent, the ambiguity of the presented results can be explained by the heterogeneity of the emulsions. However, it can be unequivocally stated that the use of aluminum coagulants in the processes of removing oil from water of different mineralization is expedient and effective.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74784106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of fluorine removal methods from aqueous solutions","authors":"Viktor Kurylenko, N. Tolstopalova, O. Sanginova, T. Obushenko","doi":"10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276447","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The high-quality water conditioning problem does not disappear from the agenda of chemists, biologists, and ecologists. Fluoride content is an important water quality indicator, as fluoride can have both positive and negative effects on the human body. The purpose of this work is a critical review of methods for removing fluorine compounds from natural surface and underground waters, and from wastewater. An analysis of 77 modern scientific articles was performed, the advantages and disadvantages of such methods as precipitation and co-precipitation, methods using semipermeable membranes, dialysis and electrocoagulation, ion exchange and sorption methods were determined. \u0000Results and discussion. It was determined that the precipitation and co-precipitation methods use of chemical reagents, so they are quite expensive, and the sediments formed in the defluoridation process are subject to disposal. Membrane methods do not require the chemicals addition, are highly efficient and easy to control, but at the same time, defluoridation removes other ions that are present in water and are important indicators of the drinking water quality. A significant disadvantage of membrane methods is that a major amount of brine is formed during the treatment process, which also creates a disposal problem. Dialysis and electrocoagulation methods have the advantages and disadvantages of electrochemical methods: they provide high quality water, but this is accompanied by increased electricity consumption, the use of limited service life electrodes. Along with the high degree of water defluoridation, ion exchange methods are characterized by high cost, as well as significant water consumption for such technological processes as loosening, regeneration and washing of ion-exchange resins. An additional problem is the flushing and rinsing wastewater disposal. Sorptive fluoride removal is the most promising and widely used method. The main advantages include the method simplicity, non-deficiency and availability of sorbents. Effective sorbents are natural minerals, foremost, clinoptilolite, nepheline, low-quality phosphorites and apatites, glauconite, basalt tuffs, which are abundant in the subsoil of Ukraine. Unlike other methods, the spent materials are easily disposed of, or can be used as additives in the production of silicate materials, for example, bricks. \u0000Conclusions. Promising fluoride removal methods are sorption methods using natural mineral and modified sorbents.","PeriodicalId":20682,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving","volume":"4 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88332656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}