{"title":"Simulated Nighttime Grinding of 3D Printed Night Guards vs Lab Manufactured Night Guards","authors":"Cristiane Cornwell","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000325","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the wear of two different 3D printed resins and a lab manufactured night guard. Methods: Three different materials were tested for their ability to stand up to simulated nighttime grinding. The materials tested were (n=30): Flex: SprintRay Night Guard Flex (SprintRay, Los Angeles, CA), Firm: SprintRay Night Guard Firm (SprintRay, Los Angeles, CA), and NGP: Clear Splint Biocryl 2mm (Great Lakes Orthodontic, Tonawanda, NY). The materials tested were formed into 10mm cubes. Flex and Firm groups were made using the SprintRay Pro55 3D printer, according to manufacturer specifications then polished using silicon carbide grinding papers of 240 and 600 grit with water (Buehler, IL, USA). The NGP group was made with a sheet of 2mm Clear Splint Biocryl plastic placed over a template block in a Biostar V pressure molding machine to replicate the same dimensions as the Flex and Firm groups. The surface roughness of each sample was measured using the Profilometer - Roughness Tester PCE-RT 1200 (PCE Instruments) and marked as initial surface roughness (Ra1). After the wear test, another surface roughness test was measured with the Profilometer and marked as the final surface roughness score (Ra2). In addition, all the specimen of each material were analyzed before and after the test with a 3D laser profilometry TMS-500 Top Map Pro.Surf (Polytec GmbH, Germany). These measurements, prior to the wear test were the initial surface area roughness (Sa1) and the final surface area roughness (Sa2). Enamel antagonists (molars cusps) were prepared from caries-free extracted molars. Four cusps were collected from each tooth. Standardization of the enamel antagonists for shape and size were done by using a diamond bur and high-speed handpiece under water irrigation. The enamel cusps were randomized between three groups. The wear test was performed using a wear simulator developed by the Tufts University School of Engineering. To simulate wear the samples were run through 20,000 cycles roughly equivalent to one-month of normal wear, under a load of 25N. Specimen and antagonists were lubricated with water. Results: The change in roughness/wear (before-after) for each of the three groups (Firm, Flex and NGP) was calculated. Descriptive statistics were calculated for wear, the NGP group showed the highest wear with a mean±SD of -0.94±0.55 for stylus profilometry and -0.92±0.90 for the laser analysis. The Shapiro-Wilk test showed that the data for one of the three groups was not normally distributed; a Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to assess the difference in wear between the three groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a statistically significant association between group and wear, p<0.0001. The Dunn’s test along with the Bonferroni correction used to perform pairwise comparisons showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the Firm and NGP groups (p=0.004 stylus) and (p=0.014 laser) as well as the Flex and NGP groups (p<0.000","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121818028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Exhaled Carbon Monoxide Levels in Smokers and Non-Smokers-A Comparative Study","authors":"M. Nandedkar","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000372","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cigarette smoke causes both acute and chronic changes of the immune system. Carbon monoxide (CO) exhaled through breath of an individual is an easiest, immediate and non-invasive method to assess smoking status. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the exhaled CO levels in smokers and non-smokers using portable CO monitor. Material & Methods: The exhaled CO levels were measured in 100 subjects (50 smokers, 50 non-smokers) who were examined during the OPD. Exhaled CO concentration was measured using the Micro+ Smokerlyser. Results: The mean carbon monoxide in the smokers was 6.34 PPM and the mean carbon monoxide in non-smokers was 1.26 PPM. There was statistically very highly significant difference of mean CO among smokers and non-smokers (P<0.001). Conclusion: The exhaled CO levels successfully distinguished smokers from nonsmokers and it provides an easy and non-invasive mode of assessing a subject's smoking status. This will be beneficial for healthcare providers to examine the effectiveness of tobacco cessation and prevention programs.","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121056573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implant Materials: Topography and Their Influence in Osseointegration","authors":"Gopala Krishna Ganta","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000333","url":null,"abstract":"With advancements in science and technology, edentulousness has been provided with a permanent solution in the form of dental implants. Implant materials have been evolving in various aspects to enhance their property of Osseointegration since their discovery. With research revealing the intense process of bone formation and biology around osseointegration, scientists have been experimenting with various compositions of alloys, allotropic forms, and commercially pure (cp) forms of titanium. Topographical modifications and their effect on new bone formations will be dealt with in this article.","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121362908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on Stomatology Professionals","authors":"Henckell Sime Clara Luisa del Carmen","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000283","url":null,"abstract":"The current state of pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, commonly called the “new coronavirus” that causes the CoVID-19 disease, has generated a great impact in the dental field, since the characteristics that it possesses condition a permanent state of alert by health professionals due to its high transmissibility of positive patients, even asymptomatic, or in the recovery phase, which makes it highly contagious; Thanks to a precarious health system, high rates of mortality and contagion have been revealed; That is why the present research aims to determine the repercussions of the CoVID-19 disease in stomatologists during dental practice; A search was carried out in the databases of the USS campus and academic google and 21 scientific articles were chosen under the inclusion criteria that evidence studies on CoVID-19, in Spanish and English; excluding those who did not contribute to the investigation, nor did they maintain the relationship with CoVID-19 and dentistry, through the technique of documentary analysis; All the information was collected in collection sheets whose criteria were summary and results; Within the last ones, it was evidenced that dentistry practice has been mainly affected by the present virus, because its transmission route is through the conjunctival, nasal and oral mucosa, the purpose of the dentist being to preserve oral health at the mucosal level present in the oral cavity; Likewise, another point that generates high contagion potential is dental instruments, which cause droplets of saliva to be produced, or even blood; It concludes with the call to raise awareness of the degree of virus contagion exposure to which the stomatologist is exposed.","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129679341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of 9.3μm CO2 Laser for Removal of Zirconia Restorations","authors":"Grace Call","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000312","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The primary aim of this study was to test if a 9.3µm Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) laser could be used to effectively separate a cemented zirconia restoration from dentin. The secondary aim was to compare shear bond strength (SBS) between RelyXTM Unicem 2 Automix Cement (3M ESPE) (RelyXTM Unicem 2) and RelyXTM Luting Plus Automix Cement (3M ESPE) (RelyX™ Luting Plus). Methods: 40 teeth were prepared to expose dentin and then randomized into four groups of 10 samples. Zirconia slices (non-glazed Yttrium stabilized zirconia samples (2.5 x 3 x 1.5 mm)) were sandblasted with 50 micron aluminum oxide at 30 psi and then cemented onto the dentin samples with RelyX™ Unicem 2 or RelyX™ Luting Plus, dependent on the group. The cements were applied to both the zirconia and dentin with a force of 20 g/mm2 for 30 seconds following manufacturer’s recommendations. After 48 hours, the 9.3µm CO2 laser was used on half the samples for 5 seconds. All 40 zirconia samples were removed with the Instron 5566A in a traditional SBS test. The groups were: 1A - RelyX™ Unicem 2 and Laser, 1B - RelyX™ Unicem 2 and Shear Bond, 2A - RelyX™ Luting Plus and Laser, and 2B - RelyX™ Luting Plus and Shear Bond. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for comparison. Results: Mean SBS of four groups ranged from 0.5 to 4.4 MPa. There was a significant difference in the SBS between 9.3µm CO2 laser and Shear Force methods for RelyX™ Luting Plus. However, the difference between the two methods was not significant for RelyX Unicem 2. RelyX™ Unicem 2 provided significantly higher SBS than RelyX™ Luting Plus for both the CO2 laser and shear force methods (Table 2). Conclusion: The 9.3µm CO2 laser effectively separated the zirconia restoration cemented with RelyX™ Luting Plus from dentin. RelyX™ Unicem 2 provided significantly stronger SBS than RelyX™ Luting Plus.","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116517210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Approach to a Tooth with Irreversible Pulpitis: A Case Report","authors":"P. Gwengu","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000328","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A case report which describes the practical steps and clinical treatment approach for the endodontic treatment of a posterior tooth with irreversible pulpitis utilizing Protaper gold files. Digital imaging was utilized for each clinical stage. Objective: To outline clinical steps taken to manage irreversible pulpitis and, the endodontic treatment thereof. Results: The clinical approach was based on detailed treatment plan, precise and accurate diagnosis which ensured proper classification of disease of the pulp together with various diagnostic aids to determine pulpal status and appropriate root canal therapy. The oral health status and root anatomy were documented together with a detailed step-wise approach for management of irreversible pulpitis by use of basic K-files, digital imaging (DI) and rotary Protaper gold files. An acceptable endodontic result was achieved with patient satisfaction and functionality. Conclusion: The described case report revealed successful endodontic treatment in a premolar tooth which had irreversible pulpitis and it also provides the detailed approach to conservatively manage the tooth that had a good prognosis.","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114682863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What is Behind the High Dental Costs in the U.S.","authors":"R. Yanushevsky","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000306","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare is among the most important issues for Americans since the U.S. health care system is the most expensive in the world. Analyzing the U.S. rising cost of health care in the 21 century it is impossible not to see that the increase of dental prices exceeds significantly the growth of prices for many other medical services. Regular preventive dental care is essential for good oral health, but many persons don’t get the care they need. More people are unable to afford dental care than other types of health care. Such situation with dental health is inadmissible.","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126546932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Esthetic Replacement of Composite Veneers by Lithium Disilicate (E.Max CAD) Based Crowns: A Case Report","authors":"Albinali Abdullatif","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000223","url":null,"abstract":"This case report highlights the rehabilitation of aesthetic smile by Lithium Disilicate (IPS e.max CAD) ceramic crowns of all upper anterior teeth that were compromised due to previous defective old composite veneers with poor color and design in esthetic zone.","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131682051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying Leadership Competencies in Medical and Dental Healthcare Professionals in Pakistan","authors":"N. Abbasi","doi":"10.23880/oajds-16000290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000290","url":null,"abstract":"To identify and empirically investigate the leadership competencies in medical and dental healthcare professionals in Pakistan. A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study with a survey was used to identify the perceived leadership competencies in medical and dental healthcare professionals in Pakistan. 142 medical and dental faculty members and clinicians were selected from four medical and dental colleges and hospitals in Rawalpindi/Islamabad and each participated in an in-person survey. The participants were educators and physicians who held academic positions in medical and dental education. A total of 142 completed the survey out of which 88 (62%) were women and 54 (38%) were men. Mean age of women was 38 years and mean age of men was 42 years. A 63-item survey measuring leadership competencies developed by Fadil Citaku, et al. [1], was administered in person to all participants. The five features recognized as leadership proficiencies required for healthcare professions were (1) social responsibility, (2) innovation, (3) self-management, (4) task management and (5) leading others. Cronbach’s alpha values of all domains were above 0.7, indicating scale was reliable and items were stable and internally consistent. Cronbach alpha of the entire questionnaire was 0.961. The means of the Likert score for all the five major variables (scales) were between 3.57 (honesty and integrity) and 4.30 (personal decision quality). The results of Principal component analysis done on the questionnaire data yielded five competencies of leadership including task management, social responsibility, innovation, self-management, and leading others with high coherence and internal consistency. These identified leadership skills are considered important by all doctors, dentists, males, females, assistant professors and professors alike.","PeriodicalId":206273,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116321104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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