{"title":"Deflection of a Web-Core Sandwich Beam in Weak Direction","authors":"Yang Jie","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010082","url":null,"abstract":"The method for calculating the deflection of a web-core sandwich panel in its weak direction is based on com- plex shell and plate theory. A simple method was presented by assuming inflection points are located at the mid-span of the facing plate segment between two adjacent web cores. It also assumes that an inflection point also exists at the mid- height of the web core. Based on these assumptions, a very simple equation was proposed. However, these assumptions are necessary to be evaluated for its suitability since the geometry of a web-core sandwich can be much different in theo- retical design. This study then carries out a parametric study to find the validity range of the presented equation for calcu- lating the deflection of a web-core sandwich panel in its weak direction. In the parametric study, finite element method is used to analyze such deflection. The parametric study shows that the accuracy of the presented equation is acceptable when the flexural stiffness per length of the web core is not less than that of the facing plates. This conclusion can be con- sidered in practical design stage.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"322 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133302173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction on Deflection of Z-Core Sandwich Panels in Weak Direction","authors":"Chen Cheng","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010088","url":null,"abstract":"In a Z-core sandwich panel, the shear stiffness of the sandwich panel in the weak direction which is perpen- dicular to the placement of the Z-cores is much smaller than the bending stiffness because the hollow section between the two facing plates cannot sustain shear action. Because of this fact, the shear deformation of a Z-core sandwich panel under bending in the weak direction cannot be ignored. Although the flexural deformation of a Z-core sandwich panel can be calculated simply from beam theory, the shear deformation is much more difficult to calculate due to the mutual action between the facing plates and the Z-core stiffener. Considering the contact between the Z-core flanges and the facing plates, the shear deformation of a typical segment in a Z-core sandwich panel is analyzed based on compatibility condi- tions. By using Castigliano's second theorem, the equations for calculating the deflection caused by shear action of a Z- core sandwich panel under bending in weak direction are obtained. The overall deflection of the Z-core sandwich panel is superposed by the deflections caused by flexural and shear actions respectively. The accuracy of the presented equations for calculating the deflection of a Z-core sandwich panel is finally verified by comparing the predicted results with ex- perimental results reported in corresponding reference. It is found that the predicted results from the presented equation agree quite well with experimental results, which shows the reliability and accuracy of the proposed equations.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127984405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction on Deflection of Truss-Core Sandwich Panels in Weak Direction","authors":"Wan Yamin, Shao Yong-bo, Liu Yu-kai","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010065","url":null,"abstract":"A V-core sandwich panel consists of two facing plates and a core of V-shaped stiffener. Sandwich panels of this type have high bending and shear-stiffness characteristics in the direction of the core placement. In the transverse di- rection, however, stiffness, especially the shear stiffness, is relatively weak. In this paper, the shear stiffness in the weak direction for V-core sandwich beams is analyzed. Due to structural geometrical compatibility, a theoretical expression for calculating the deflection in its weaker direction of the V-core sandwich beam is derived. The presented equation takes into account the contact interaction between the facing plates and the flanges of the V-core stiffener. A detailed compari- son between the theoretical and numerical results is conducted. Good agreement is obtained between the two results when geometrical parameters are in a valid range, and suitable geometrical range is finally presented based on error analysis.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131657510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial-Deflection Of Steel-Core Sandwich Panels In Weak Direction","authors":"Shao Yong-bo","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010041","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this special issue is to provide a simplified method for estimating the deflection of sandwich panels with steel cores. Sandwich panels have potential advantages especially in resisting dynamic or blast action because they can absorb much more energy before fracture failure. In addition, low weight, high relative stiffness, and fast construction of sandwich panels are attractive for consideration in designing ships, buildings and bridges etc.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134530709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction on Deflection of Box-Core Sandwich Panels in Weak Direction","authors":"Cui Mingjuan","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010042","url":null,"abstract":"In a C-core sandwich panel, the shear stiffness of the sandwich panel in the weak direction is much smaller. The deflection of a C-core sandwich beam consists of two parts: flexural deformation and shear deformation. The flexural deformation of a C-core sandwich beam can be calculated simply from beam theory while the shear deformation is rela- tively difficult to calculate due to the mutual action between the facing plates and the C-core stiffener. Considering the contact between the flanges of the C-core and the facing plates, the shear deformation of a typical segment in a C-core sandwich panel is analyzed based on compatibility conditions. By using Castigliano's second theorem, the equation for calculating the deflection caused by shear action of a C-core sandwich panel under bending is obtained. The accuracy of the presented equations for calculating the deflection of a C-core sandwich cantilever beam and a C-core sandwich panel under three-point bending is then verified by comparing with finite element and experimental results reported in the corre- sponding reference. It is found that the predicted results from the presented equation agree quite well with finite element and experimental results, which shows the reliability and accuracy of the proposed equation.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122039371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances in study of mechanical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments","authors":"鲁晓兵, 张旭辉, 王淑云","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010026","url":null,"abstract":"Gas hydrate (GH) is defined as the crystalline solid, or clathrate hydrate, which are formed by some kinds of low mass molecular gases, such as methane, carbon dioxide, and hydronitrogen, with water at relatively high pressure and low temperature conditions. Gas hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) are some sand, clay and mixed sediment containing gas hydrates. Advances in the study on the mechanical properties of HBS are summarized mainly in aspects of the laboratory test, in-situ investigation, and theoretical model. Firstly, the main factors are discussed including the structure of GH, formation method and matrix characteristics of HBS; Secondly, progress on the laboratory tests and results are discussed, which mainly includes the tri-axial tests with the natural and synthesized HBS samples, the acoustic tests for measuring the elastic coefficients, the tests for investigating the effects of main factors such as the gas and water contents and soil types on the strength of HBS. Thirdly, for in-situ investigations, including the geophysical surveying, in-situ tests (such as downhole tests) and results are summarized; Fourthly, several theoretical models for estimating the mechanical properties of HBS are introduced; At last, the emphases and the tendency in the future study on the mechanical properties of HBS are discussed.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132389980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extended Serre Equations for Applications in Intermediate Water Depths","authors":"J. D. Carmo","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010016","url":null,"abstract":"The Serre or Green and Naghdi equations are fully-nonlinear and weakly dispersive and have a built-in as- sumption of irrotationality. However, like the standard Boussinesq equations, also Serre's equations are only valid for long waves in shallow waters. To allow applications in a greater range of h 0 /l, where h 0 and l represent, respectively, depth and wavelength characteristics, a new set of extended Serre equations, with additional terms of dispersive origin, is developed and tested in this work by comparisons with available experimental data. The equations are solved using an ef- ficient finite-difference method, which consistency and stability are analyzed by comparison with a closed-form solitary wave solution of the Serre equations. All cases of waves propagating in intermediate water depths illustrate the good per- formance of the extended Serre equations with additional terms of dispersive origin. It is shown that the computed results are in conformity with the analytical ones and test data. An equivalent form of the Boussinesq type equations, also with improved linear dispersion characteristics, is solved using a numerical procedure similar to that used to solve the extended Serre equations.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127084140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Static Strength of Circular Tubular T-joints with Inner Doubler PlateReinforcement Subjected to Axial Compression","authors":"H. Shubin, Shao Yong-bo, Z. Hongyan","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010001","url":null,"abstract":"For an inner doubler plate reinforced tubular joint, the doubler plate is welded onto the inner surface of the chord by using fillet weld, and the position of the doubler plate is placed under the brace/chord intersection. Through this reinforcement, the radial stiffness of the chord is improved, and hence the strength is increased. Finite element model is built by using software ABAQUS to analyze the ultimate load and failure mode of inner doubler plate reinforced tubular T-joints. Overall 432 models with different geometrical parameters and doubler plate sizes are analyzed. The effect of all the parameters on improving the static strength is discussed. Finally, a parametric equation for predicting the static strength of a tubular T-joint with inner doubler plate is presented through curve fitting technique, and its accuracy and reliability are also evaluated by error analysis.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121527994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Partial Environmental Load Factor for Design of Tubular Joints of Offshore Jacket Platforms in Malaysia","authors":"N. J. Cossa, N. S. Potty, M. S. Liew","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01306010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01306010008","url":null,"abstract":"The reliability analysis methods have been effectively applied to develop load and resistance factor design (LRFD) codes, such as the ISO 19902, that provide optimum structural safety taking into account the uncertainties of both the load and resistance parameters. Although, these methods have been developed since the early 1960's their application in the design of offshore structures is still not extensive. This paper presents the procedure for reliability analysis and evaluation of the environmental load factor for design of tubular joints of offshore platforms in Malaysia, for the proposed ISO. The uncertainties affecting the joints' resistance and loading were investigated and their statistical parameters pre- sented. The reliability indices of a platform designed using both API RP2A - WSD and ISO 19902 were evaluated and compared. The partial environmental load factor of 1.29 was obtained, which provides a significant reference towards the adoption of ISO in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133478483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation of Return Flow in Restricted Navigation Channel for Barge-tow Movements","authors":"S. Das, Samir Kumar Das, J. N. Kariya","doi":"10.2174/1874835X01205010034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874835X01205010034","url":null,"abstract":"Simulations of barge-tow movement in the sub-critical range along the Illinois River near Kampsville are performed to determine the return flow (RF) characteristics for upstream and downstream bound barge-tows. Simulations are carried out using the OpenFOAM® based CFD software for six barge-tow configurations considering two-dimensional shallow water equation. The RF velocities are simulated for 0s to 100s at an interval of 10s at nine different locations, taken across the river from vessel to bank for upstream and downstream bound barge-tows. The computed RF velocities at these points between the bow and the bank are analyzed and compared with the observed field data for identical conditions. The simulated RF velocity agrees well with the computed RF velocity of Hochestein and Adams, and Maynord and Siemsen, except closer to the barge-tow. Model simulation shows that the RF profiles (lateral velocity distributions transverse to vessel movement) vary with time and the length of the vessel. To understand the associated phenomena, drawdown and squat are computed using empirical formulations given by earlier researchers. The simulated result clearly indicates the location of the zero velocity point for downstream bound barge-tows. The present study would be helpful to hydraulic engineers, planners and biologists to predict RF hydrodynamic in a restricted channel.","PeriodicalId":206173,"journal":{"name":"The Open Ocean Engineering Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121981981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}