SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"The 2018 MAP Regulations: Ending Collection Losses in Nigeria's Electricity Supply Industry","authors":"R. Abajuo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3141037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3141037","url":null,"abstract":"The Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) has issued the Meter Asset Provider Regulations 2018 (MAP-Regs). The MAP-Regs came into effect on March 8, 2018 and will be enforced by NERC from April 3, 2018. These regulations are designed to provide standard rules to eliminate estimated billing practices in the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (usually tagged ‘NESI’) and increase the collection rates of the distribution companies. Ultimately, NERC hopes that the MAP-Regs will enhance revenue assurance in NESI. Anyone who is keenly interested in Nigeria’s electricity industry or NESI will agree that reduction of the collection losses of the distribution companies (DisCos) is an urgent need. Hence, the MAP-Regs should be exciting news. \u0000However, after studying the MAP-Regs, I had reasons to reflect on whether the new regulations will achieve the desired purpose. This article gives a background of how the collection losses suffered by the DisCos affect the entire industry, highlights measures taken by NERC to remedy this problem till this point, and presents my reflections on the MAP-Regs.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125317462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electricity Industrial Policies in the Middle East and Their Implications for Korean Companies","authors":"Kwon Hyung Lee, Sung Hyun Son, Y. Jang, Ryou Kwang Ho","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3123495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3123495","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to suggest policy implications for Korean companies that want to expand their business in the Middle Eastern electricity sector, examining industrial policies and various business in the sector. Government policies that help Korean companies expand their market in the Middle East can be suggested as follows. First, financial support policies should be considered, to help these companies deal with project-developing costs incurred, for instance, for feasibility studies. More financial incentives could also be provided as more Korean contents are used in the projects. Second, more support should be considered for small- and medium-sized enterprises that cannot advance into the Middle Eastern market by themselves due to a lack of financial resources and track record in the region. Third, new business projects that incorporate ICT in the electricity industry, such as smart grids, AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure), ESS (Energy Storage System) should be systematically developed in the region. Fourth, a control tower should be set up in order to coordinate different interests among companies, banks and supporting institutions. It could also work as a platform to build a strategy to win government contracts.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115611837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"60 Years Electricity Reform Progress in Kenya","authors":"G. Mabea, Rafael E. Macatangay, J. Mutua","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3100565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3100565","url":null,"abstract":"This paper applies a modified scorecard approach combined with Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) to measure evidence of electricity sector reforms in a span of six decades covering the pre-reform and the current reform process in Kenya. A comprehensive policy review covering different apsects of the power sector policy evolution since the first monopoly power plant operator was established is carried out. Moreover, we evaluate lessons from previous experiences and propose a futuristic picture of the electricity sector that will promote electricity access and competition. The results show high a HHI of 4020 for the year 2017 but this drops to 2415 by the year 2018 if the planned commissioning of privately owned Independent Power Producers (IPPs) is carried out on time. We find that substantial structural and institutional development as proposed in the 2017 Energy Bill would promote increased power supply and electricity access.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115697578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Intraday Power Trading with a Gaussian Additive Process","authors":"Enrico Edoli, Marco Gallana, Tiziano Vargiolu","doi":"10.21314/JEM.2017.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21314/JEM.2017.168","url":null,"abstract":"Trading activity in intraday (ID) electricity markets has increased significantly over the last few years. We study the problem of a financial agent wishing to maximize a constant relative risk-aversion expected utility of their terminal wealth while operating in an ID market. Assuming that the price of traded hours follows an additive Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process, we derive the optimal strategy via the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. The optimal portfolio in the log case is totally myopic with respect to time to maturity, while in the power case it becomes more and more risky as final maturity approaches. In order to implement our strategy, it is necessary to estimate the model parameters. One cannot resort to known results, as it is typical for time series to be unevenly time spaced, with more and more transactions as maturity approaches. Thus, we present an estimation procedure for unevenly spaced observations, based on maximum likelihood estimation and a bootstrap bias correction, in order to compensate for having few observations at the beginning of the observation frame. Finally, we backtest our method and conclude.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122447323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Rebound Effect in Energy Intensive Industries: A Factor Demand Model Approach with Asymmetric Price Response","authors":"A. Dahlqvist, T. Lundgren, P. Marklund","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3089630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3089630","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to analyze the direct rebound effect poten-tially prevailing in energy intense industries. The rebound effect repre-sents economic mechanisms that will offset energy savings from energy efficiency improvements. For this purpose, a factor demand model is applied incorporating an asymmetric energy price response. Asymmetric prices imply that firms respond more strongly to energy price increases than to energy price decreases. In the empirical model we use a firm level, unbalanced panel covering the years 2001 to 2012 and four major Swedish energy-intensive industries; pulp and paper, iron and steel, chemical, and mining. The result indicates that the rebound effect is considerable in these industries. To mitigate this effect, the results sug-gest that policies stimulating an increase in energy efficiency should be combined with a raise in energy taxes.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131810655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amicus Brief of the Electricity Regulation Scholars in Village of Old Mill Creek v. Star (7th Cir. 2018)","authors":"Ari Peskoe, Jim Rossi","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3098961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3098961","url":null,"abstract":"Energy credit programs, first enacted in the 1990s, are premised on legislative determinations about the types of electric generation that will meet environmental goals and diversify the state’s energy supply. They are a derivative of regulatory planning, updated to reflect states’ utility restructuring laws that catalyzed the creation of today’s organized wholesale markets. Rather than requiring utilities to construct and maintain generation, which would be inconsistent with restructuring, energy credit programs direct utilities to acquire credits from specified types of facilities, such as wind or solar. \u0000Energy credit programs achieve the original twin aims of utility regulation — consumer protection and industry development. They provide consumers with the benefits of a cleaner and more diverse energy supply while isolating them from the risks of developing new generation projects. Many credit programs include cost containment mechanisms to further protect consumers. For industry, credits spur investment in new facilities and provide utilities with a cost-effective, flexible compliance mechanism. \u0000Illinois’ Zero Emission Credit (ZEC) program is wholly consistent with the electricity industry’s legal structure and with the historic goals of utility regulation. The ZEC program selects nuclear generators because they meet state environmental goals. The program places legal obligations on utilities, and not generators selling at wholesale, and it protects consumers by ensuring that they do not overpay for the legislatively determined environmental benefits of nuclear power. \u0000Appellants’ sweeping view of FERC’s rate regulation authority threatens to preempt state energy credit programs. Under appellants’ reading of the FPA, a state energy credit program is preempted because payments to generators for credits are made “in connection with” wholesale sales. Appellants’ novel reading of the FPA confuses Congress’s broad delegation of authority to FERC to set just and reasonable wholesale rates with imagined Congressional intent to usurp traditional state functions. It is inconsistent with precedent and would call into question long-standing FERC practice. \u0000In asking this Court to reinterpret FERC’s rate regulation authority, appellants seek to deny FERC the opportunity to harmonize its market regulation with state programs, as it has done in numerous proceedings. In doing so, appellants would weaken FERC’s authority and create new regulatory gaps. Energy credit programs would be beyond the reach of states, and FERC would be unable to reconcile state programs with wholesale power markets. The resulting “regulatory ‘no man’s land,’” FERC v. Electric Power Supply Association, 136 S.Ct. 760, 780 (2016) (citation omitted) would threaten traditional state efforts to pursue legitimate consumer protection and environmental goals without providing FERC any authority to achieve those ends. \u0000While eliminating energy credit programs, appellants’ proposed expansio","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127880934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition and Integration of the ERCOT Market with the Competitive Renewable Energy Zone Project","authors":"Xiaodong Du, Ofir D. Rubin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3059760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3059760","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we seek to explore the impact of a state level transmission expansion project, the Competitive Renewable Energy Zone (CREZ), whose goal is to integrate a massive amount of wind energy, on the wholesale market prices in the Electric Council of Texas (ERCOT). We find strong evidence for price convergence across ERCOT with accordance to the timing of the expansion of major sections of the CREZ. A variety of empirical analyses shows a smooth transition to a well-integrated market. For example, Structural impulse responses suggest that a price shock after the integration takes double the time to die off compared with the before-integration period. We also find that regional-specific shocks became more important in terms of driving price change in other regions. Specifically, the impacts of Houston (demand) and the West (wind supply) on each other have increased dramatically. Our study contributes to the literature by connecting the expansion of physical transmission lines with electricity market integration.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115842087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance-Based Contracts for Energy Efficiency Projects","authors":"Liang Ding, Sam Aflaki, R. Kapuscinski","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2921810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2921810","url":null,"abstract":"Energy efficiency projects are often executed by specialized entities, namely energy service companies (ESCOs). A typical ESCO's core business is conducted using performance-based contracts, whereby payment terms depend on the energy savings achieved. Despite their success in public, commercial, and industrial sectors, ESCOs in the residential sector are involved in fewer projects and face several challenges. First, an energy efficiency project often leads to changed consumption behavior; hence it is more difficult to evaluate the energy savings that are due to the project itself. The second challenge is that residential clients are more risk averse and, thus, less willing to contract for projects whose outcomes are uncertain. Third, a lack of monitoring protocols leads to ESCO's moral hazard problems. This paper studies ESCO contract design issues, focusing primarily on the residential market for energy efficiency. As opposed to other sectors, coordinating contracts do not exist. We show, however, that simple piecewise linear contracts work reasonably well. To improve their profitability, ESCOs can reduce uncertainty about the technology employed and/or develop ways of verifying post-project energy efficiency. Since policy makers are understandably keen to promote energy efficiency, we show also how regulations and monetary incentives can reduce inefficiencies in ESCOs' relationships and thereby maximize environmental benefits.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"298 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120898254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximity to Development and Public Support for Hydraulic Fracturing","authors":"Hilary S. Boudet, Chad Zanocco, P. Howe, Christopher E. Clarke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2893307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2893307","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the relationship between proximity to energy development and public support for said development has produced conflicting results. Moreover, our understanding of this relationship in the context of unconventional oil and gas extraction via hydraulic fracturing becomes even cloudier because of limited data. Drawing on a unique dataset that includes both geo-coded data from nationally representative surveys conducted from 2012 to 2016 (9 waves; n=19,098) and high-resolution well location data, we examine how proximity to new unconventional oil and gas wells shapes familiarity with and support for hydraulic fracturing. After controlling for various individual and contextual factors, we find that proximity to new development is linked to both greater familiarity with and more sup- port for hydraulic fracturing – a relationship that is similar in magnitude to the marginal effects of income, gender and age. We discuss the implications of these findings for effective risk communication, as well as the importance of incorporating spatial analysis into public opinion research on perceptions of energy development.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116099333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Use and Export Behavior in Indian Economy: An Input-Output Based Analysis","authors":"A. Tandon, Shahid Ahmed","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2887839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2887839","url":null,"abstract":"Developing countries, like India, face the twin challenges of sustainable growth and high import dependency due to direct energy imports. The presence of less energy intensive commodities in the export basket not only improves cost competitiveness along with environmental compliance, but can also be effective in lowering the net energy liability of a country. This paper analyses the changes in sector-wise energy intensity vis-a-vis the evolving export structure to assess the energy intensity of India’s exports by using a constant price hybrid Input-Output model. The analysis clearly highlights the importance of services as a less energy intensive sector with significant export presence. Within the manufactured products category, particularly important are other manufacturing (including textiles and wearing apparel), agriculture, processed food and mining, due to the export potential alongside improved energy intensity over time. At the same time, increasing intensity and export share of basic metals and non-ferrous metal products draw attention for efforts to improve energy efficiency. The findings reject the proposition that India’s export basket is dominated by energy intensive sectors.","PeriodicalId":204209,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Energy Politics (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129242188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}