Prehospital and Disaster Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Training Children for Prehospital Aquatic Interventions: Assessing Throwing Skills Using Traditional and Alternative Materials in a Simulated Water Rescue.","authors":"Lucía Peixoto-Pino, Roberto Barcala-Furelos, Miguel Lorenzo-Martínez, Adrián Gómez-Silva, Javier Rico-Díaz, Antonio Rodríguez-Núñez","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X24000554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X24000554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drowning remains a significant cause of mortality among children world-wide, making prevention strategies crucial. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends training children in safe rescue techniques, including the use of basic skills such as throwing floating objects. This study aims to address a knowledge gap regarding the throwing capabilities of children aged six to twelve using conventional and alternative water rescue materials.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 374 children aged six to twelve years participated in the study, including both males and females. A randomized crossover approach was used to compare throws with conventional rescue material (ring buoy and rescue tube) to an alternative material (polyethylene terephthalate [PET]-bottle). Throwing distance and accuracy were assessed based on age, sex, and the type of rescue tools used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children of all ages were able to throw the PET-bottle significantly farther than both the ring buoy (P <.001; d = 1.19) and the rescue tube (P <.001; d = 0.60). There were no significant differences (P = .414) in the percentage of children who managed to throw each object accurately.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conventional rescue materials, particularly the ring buoy, may not be well-suited for long-distance throws by children. In contrast, lighter and smaller alternatives, such as PET-bottles, prove to be more adaptable to children's characteristics, enabling them to achieve greater throwing distances. The emphasis on cost-effective and easily accessible alternatives should be implemented in drowning prevention programs or life-saving courses delivered to children.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Prehospital Blood Transfusion in Traumatized Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Abdelelah Abdelgadir Hamed, Sharfeldin Mohammed Shuib, Amal Mohamed Elhusein, Hammad Ali Fadlalmola, Omnia Abdalla Higazy, Insaf Hassan Mohammed, Bahja Siddig Mohamed, Mohammed Abdelmalik, Khaled Mohammed Al-Sayaghi, Abdalrahman Abdullatif Mohmmed Saeed, Samya Mohamed Hegazy, Saud Albalawi, Abdullah Alrashidi, Mohamed Abdallah","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X24000621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X24000621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately five million individuals have traumatic injuries annually. Implementing prehospital blood-component transfusion (PHBT), encompassing packed red blood cells (p-RBCs), plasma, or platelets, facilitates early hemostatic volume replacement following trauma. The lack of uniform PHBT guidelines persists, relying on diverse parameters and physician experience.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of various components of PHBT, including p-RBCs and plasma, on mortality and hematologic-related outcomes in traumatic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search strategy was executed to identify pertinent literature comparing the transfusion of p-RBCs, plasma, or a combination of both with standard resuscitation care in traumatized patients. Eligible studies underwent independent screening, and pertinent data were systematically extracted. The analysis employed pooled risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences (MD) for continuous variables, each accompanied by their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty studies were included in the qualitative analysis, while 26 of them were included in the quantitative analysis. Solely P-RBCs alone or combined with plasma showed no substantial effect on 24-hour or long-term mortality (RR = 1.13; 95% CI, 0.68 - 1.88; P = .63). Conversely, plasma transfusion alone exhibited a 28% reduction in 24-hour mortality with a RR of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.53 - 0.99; P = .04). In-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay were mostly unaffected by p-RBCs or p-RBCs plus plasma, except for a notable three-day reduction in length of hospital stay with p-RBCs alone (MD = -3.00; 95% CI, -5.01 to -0.99; P = .003). Hematological parameter analysis revealed nuanced effects, including a four-unit increase in RBC requirements with p-RBCs (MD = 3.95; 95% CI, 0.69 - 7.21; P = .02) and a substantial reduction in plasma requirements with plasma transfusion (MD = -0.73; 95% CI, -1.28 to -0.17; P = .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that plasma transfusion alone was associated with a substantial decrease in 24-hour mortality. Meanwhile, p-RBCs alone or combined with plasma did not significantly impact 24-hour or long-term mortality. In-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay were generally unaffected by p-RBCs or p-RBCs plus plasma, except for a substantial reduction in length of hospital stay with p-RBCs alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Pharyngeal Oxygen Delivery Device Provides Superior Oxygenation during Simulated Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.","authors":"Jeramie B Hanson, John R Williams, Emily H Garmon, Phillip M Morris, Russell K McAllister, William C Culp","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X24000542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X24000542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Passive oxygenation with non-rebreather face mask (NRFM) has been used during cardiac arrest as an alternative to positive pressure ventilation (PPV) with bag-valve-mask (BVM) to minimize chest compression disruptions. A dual-channel pharyngeal oxygen delivery device (PODD) was created to open obstructed upper airways and provide oxygen at the glottic opening. It was hypothesized for this study that the PODD can deliver oxygen as efficiently as BVM or NRFM and oropharyngeal airway (OPA) in a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) manikin model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Oxygen concentration was measured in test lungs within a resuscitation manikin. These lungs were modified to mimic physiologic volumes, expansion, collapse, and recoil. Automated compressions were administered. Five trials were performed for each of five arms: (1) CPR with 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio using BVM with 15 liters per minute (LPM) oxygen; continuous compressions with passive oxygenation using (2) NRFM and OPA with 15 LPM oxygen, (3) PODD with 10 LPM oxygen, (4) PODD with 15 LPM oxygen; and (5) control arm with compressions only.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean peak oxygen concentrations were: (1) 30:2 CPR with BVM 49.3% (SD = 2.6%); (2) NRFM 47.7% (SD = 0.2%); (3) PODD with 10 LPM oxygen 52.3% (SD = 0.4%); (4) PODD with 15 LPM oxygen 62.7% (SD = 0.3%); and (5) control 21% (SD = 0%). Oxygen concentrations rose rapidly and remained steady with passive oxygenation, unlike 30:2 CPR with BVM, which rose after each ventilation and decreased until the next ventilation cycle (sawtooth pattern, mean concentration 40% [SD = 3%]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Continuous compressions and passive oxygenation with the PODD resulted in higher lung oxygen concentrations than NRFM and BVM while minimizing CPR interruptions in a manikin model.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prehospital Care Under Fire: Strategies for Evacuating Victims from the Mega Terrorist Attack in Israel on October 7, 2023","authors":"Eli Jaffe, Ziv Dadon, Evan Avraham Alpert","doi":"10.1017/s1049023x24000438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x24000438","url":null,"abstract":"On October 7, 2023, somewhere around 1,500-3,000 terrorists invaded southern Israel killing 1,200 people, injuring 1,455, and taking 239 as hostages resulting in the largest mass-casualty event (MCE) in the country’s history. Most of the victims were civilians who suffered from complex injuries including high-velocity gunshot wounds, blast injuries from rocket-propelled grenades, and burns. Many would later require complex surgeries by all disciplines including general surgeons, vascular surgeons, orthopedists, neurosurgeons, cardiothoracic surgeons, otolaryngologists, oral maxillofacial surgeons, and plastic surgeons. Magen David Adom (MDA) is Israel’s National Emergency Prehospital Medical Organization and a member of the International Red Cross. While there are also private and non-profit ambulance services in Israel, the Ministry of Health has mandated MDA with the charge of managing an MCE. For this event, MDA incorporated a five-part strategy in this mega MCE: (1) extricating victims from areas under fire by bulletproof ambulances, (2) establishing casualty treatment stations in safe areas, (3) ambulance transport from the casualty treatment stations to hospitals, (4) ambulance transport of casualties from safe areas to hospitals, and (5) helicopter transport of victims to hospitals. This is the first time that MDA has responded to a mega MCE of this magnitude and lessons are continually being learned.","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why is Qualitative Research Necessary in Medicine and Some Prejudices Against It?","authors":"Figen Ünal Çolak, Sarper Yılmaz","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X24000591","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X24000591","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"318-319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common Challenges in the Prehospital Management of Mass-Casualty Incidents: A Systematic Integrative Review.","authors":"Karin Hugelius, Julia Becker","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X24000566","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X24000566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) place extraordinary demands on prehospital medical response. However, there remains limited evidence on best practices in managing MCIs, and therefore, there is a need to systematically synthetize experiences from them to build further evidence.</p><p><strong>Study objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze common challenges in prehospital MCI management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventeen case studies or reports describing 15 MCIs (ie, terrorist attacks, chemical incidents, traffic accidents, weather-related incidents, and fires) were subject to a systematic integrative review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Common challenges in prehospital MCI management include victim and responder safety- and security-related issues; the need to develop and communicate situational awareness; to develop and apply a prehospital response plan; the ability to deliver care under severe circumstances; and the need for an extended prehospital medical response management strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Resilient prehospital MCI response demands both a clear strategy and improvisation and should be integrated into the overall medical response strategy. Responders must understand the main concepts of prehospital MCI management, have a situational awareness that foresees the event's medical consequences, and have the experience required to interpret the situation. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel and medical incident commanders require specific training and mental preparation to be able to provide care under severe security threats, to improvise beyond routines and guidelines, and to provide care in ways different from their everyday work.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"301-309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Crime Rates Against Women and Children Post-Disasters.","authors":"Ateev Sudhir Chandna, Sona Francis, Sanjeev Kumar Manikappa, Jayakumar Christy, Subhasis Bhadra, Vivek Benegal, Dinakaran Damodharan","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X24000505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X24000505","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":"310-312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Crisis: The Ukraine War's Multifaceted Impact on Poland's Health Care Resilience.","authors":"Krzysztof Goniewicz, Katarzyna Naylor","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X2400058X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X2400058X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":"315-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonizing Indigenous Insights: Early Childhood Disaster Preparedness Curriculum in Indonesia.","authors":"Sean Marta Efastri, Ribut Wahyu Eriyanti, Diah Karmiyati, Marwa Marwa","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X24000578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X24000578","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":"39 4","pages":"313-314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcoming Changes to the Prehospital and Disaster Medicine Journal.","authors":"Jeffrey Michael Franc","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X24000608","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X24000608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this editorial, upcoming changes to the mission statement, available article types, and instructions for authors are highlighted. These changes are expected to start on January 1, 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"281-282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}