Prehospital and Disaster Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Development of the Perceived Challenges in Disaster Response Scale (PCDRS): Validity and Reliability Study.","authors":"Ahmet Doğan Kuday, Cüneyt Çalışkan, Kerem Kınık, Nihal Dağ, Hüseyin Koçak","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X25000263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X25000263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to design and validate a measurement tool in Turkish to assess the challenges perceived by individuals involved in the disaster response process, such as volunteers, health care personnel, firefighters, and members of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This methodological study was conducted from November 2023 through March 2024. The scale development process comprised item development, expert reviews, and language control, followed by the creation of a draft survey, pilot testing, application of the final scale, and statistical analyses. All stages, including validity and reliability analyses, were conducted in Turkish. While reliability analysis used Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlations, intraclass correlation coefficients, test-retest reliability, Tukey's additivity, and Hotelling's T-squared tests, validity analysis included Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (EFA/CFA). Software such as AMOS 22.0 and SPSS 22.0 were used to perform statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicated six dimensions with 23 items, with factor loadings ranging from 0.478 to 0.881. The CFA demonstrated acceptable fit indices. Test-retest analysis showed a robust positive correlation (r = 0.962) between the measurements. The scale's total Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.913. Sub-dimension reliability scores were calculated as follows: 0.865 for environmental and health, 0.802 for communication and information, 0.738 for organizational, 0.728 for logistical, 0.725 for individual, and 0.809 for other factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that the Perceived Challenges in Disaster Response Scale (PCDRS), developed and validated in Turkish, is a reliable and valid measurement tool. It offers a foundation for understanding the challenges faced by disaster response teams and for formulating improvement strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"86-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prehospital Care Post-Road-Crash: A Systematic Review of the Literature.","authors":"Joseph Cuthbertson, Greg Drummond","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X25000202","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X25000202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to systematically review evidence that supports best practice post-crash response emergency care.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The research questions to achieve the study objective were developed using the Patient, Intervention, Control, Outcome standard following which a systematic literature review (SLR) of research related to prehospital post-road-crash was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 89 papers were included in the analysis, presented according to the PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research explored and identified key insights related to emergency care post-road-crash response. The findings showed that interservice coordination and shared understanding of roles was recommended. Application of traditional practice of the \"Golden Hour\" has been explored and contested as a standard for all care. Notwithstanding this, timeliness of provision of care remains important to certain patient groups suffering certain injury types and is supported as part of a trauma system approach for patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"94-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Patient Presentation and Transfer to Hospital Rates During Mass-Gathering Stadium Events: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Nazneen Sultana, Julia Crilly, Robert S Ware, Jamie Ranse","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X25000287","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X25000287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mass-gathering events (MGEs) such as sporting competitions and music festivals that take place in stadiums and arenas pose challenges to health care delivery that can differ from other types of MGEs. This scoping review aimed to describe factors that influence patient presentations to in-event health services, ambulance services, and emergency departments (EDs) from stadium and arena MGEs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and blended both Arksey and O'Malley methodology and the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI's) approach. Four databases (CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus) were searched using keywords and terms about \"mass gatherings,\" \"stadium\" or \"arena,\" and \"in-event health services.\" In this review, the population pertains to the spectators who seek in-event health services, the concept was MGEs, and the context was stadiums and/or arenas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two articles were included in the review, most of which focused on sporting events (n = 18; 81.8%) and music concerts (n = 3; 13.6%). The reported patient presentation rate (PPR) ranged between one and 24 per 10,000 spectators; the median PPR was 3.8 per 10,000. The transfer to hospital rate (TTHR) varied from zero to four per 10,000 spectators, and the median TTHR was 0.35 per 10,000. Key factors reported for PPR and TTHR include event, venue, and health support characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a complexity of health care delivery amid MGEs, stressing the need for uniform measurement and continued research to enhance predictive accuracy and advance health care services in these contexts. This review extends the current MGE domains (biomedical, psychosocial, and environmental) to encompass specific stadium/arena event characteristics that may have an impact on PPR and TTHR.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"101-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Paired Data.","authors":"Jeffrey Michael Franc","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X25001517","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X25001517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A common and unfortunate error in statistical analysis is the failure to account for dependencies in the data. In many studies, there is a set of individual participants or experimental objects where two observations are made on each individual or object. This leads to a natural pairing of data. This editorial discusses common situations where paired data arises and gives guidance on selecting the correct analysis plan to avoid statistical errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"61-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Powered, Safe Patient-Handling Equipment for Emergency Medical Services via an Insurance Safety Intervention Grant Program.","authors":"Marie A Hayden, Audrey A Reichard, Brian D Lowe, Steven J Naber, Steven J Wurzelbacher","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X25000196","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X25000196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Powered equipment for patient handling was designed to alleviate Emergency Medical Service (EMS) clinician injuries while lifting patients. This project evaluated the organizational rationale for purchasing powered equipment and the outcomes from equipment use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This project analyzed secondary data obtained via an insurance Safety Intervention Grant (SIG) program in Ohio USA. These data were primarily in reports from EMS organizations. Investigators applied a mixed-methods approach, analyzing quantitative data from 297 grants and qualitative data from a sample of 64 grants. Analysts abstracted data related to: work-related injuries or risk of musculoskeletal-disorders (MSD), employee feedback regarding acceptance or rejection, and impact on quality, productivity, staffing, and cost.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of $16.67 million (2018 adjusted USD) was spent from 2005 through 2018 for powered cots, powered loading systems, powered stair chairs, and non-patient handling equipment (eg, chest compression system, powered roller). Organizations purchased equipment to accommodate staff demographics (height, age, sex) and patient characteristics (weight, impairments). Grantees were fire departments (<i>n</i> = 254) and public (<i>n</i> = 19) and private (<i>n</i> = 24) EMS organizations consisting of career (45%), volunteer (20%), and a combination of career and volunteer (35%) staff. Powered equipment reduced reported musculoskeletal injuries, and organizations reported it improved EMS clinicians' safety. Organization feedback was mostly positive, and no organization indicated outright rejection of the purchased equipment. Analyst-identified design advantages for powered cots included increased patient weight capacity and hydraulic features, but the greater weight of the powered cot was a disadvantage. The locking mechanism to hold the cot during transportation was reported as an advantage, but it was a disadvantage for older cots without a compatibility conversion kit. Around one-half of organizations described a positive impact on quality of care and patient safety resulting from the new equipment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, organizations reported improved EMS clinicians' safety but noted that not all safety concerns were addressed by the new equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":"40 2","pages":"64-72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12107376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Intent: Repetitive Strikes on Ukrainian Health Care Facilities.","authors":"Dennis G Barten, Derrick Tin, Fredrik Granholm, Diana Rusnak, Frits van Osch, Gregory Ciottone","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X2500024X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X2500024X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Attacks on health care - which are potential war crimes - are increasingly observed in contemporary armed conflicts. The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine is no exception to this worrisome trend. War crime prosecutions of suspected deliberate attacks on health care facilities require proof that they were the intended target, which is extremely challenging. If health care facilities are attacked more than once, this may increase the likelihood of intent. The Ukrainian Healthcare Center (UHC) began documenting attacks on health infrastructure since the start of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. In this study, the aim was to assess repetitive attacks on Ukrainian health care facilities from February 24, 2022 through October 24, 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Berkeley Protocol on Digital Open Source Investigations was used to identify and document health care attacks. Data collection for this study included temporal factors, location and type of facility, attack and weapon type, the number of health care personnel and civilians killed and injured, and whether the afflicted facilities were damaged, destroyed, and/or repeatedly attacked.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, there were 397 attacks on 281 Ukrainian health care facilities, damaging 237 facilities and destroying another 44. Fifty-three facilities (18.9%) were attacked more than once (total: 163 attacks; mean 3.1; median 2; range 2-10 attacks), and 27.7% of all health care attacks (110/397) concerned repeat attacks. The median time between attacks was 18 days (range: 0-289 days).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From February 24, 2022 through October 24, 2023, one-in-five targeted health care facilities in Ukraine experienced repetitive attacks. Furthermore, one-in-four attacks on health care involved recurrent attacks. This observed pattern raises the possibility that health care facilities in Ukraine are being intentionally targeted.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"114-118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency Management of Earthquake-Related Thoracic Trauma After the 2023 Türkiye Earthquakes.","authors":"Ömer Taşkın, Sevcan Seçinti, İsmail C Karacaoğlu, Nezihat R Dişel, Ayça Açıkalın Akpınar","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X25000159","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X25000159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patients with thoracic trauma require rapid decision making and early intervention, especially during natural disasters when the influx of patients complicates hospitalization decisions. Identifying the characteristics of these patients can improve triage protocols, optimize resource allocation, and enhance outcomes in future disaster scenarios.</p><p><strong>Study objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of hospitalized patients after the February 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye and to contribute to Disaster Medicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a university hospital's emergency department (ED) located in the earthquake area. All patients over 18 years old with earthquake-related thoracic trauma were included. Demographic information, mechanisms of injury, associated injuries, laboratory results, and treatments were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups: discharged and hospitalized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 179 patients, with a median age of 45 years. Overall, 80.4% were trapped under debris, and 43.8% were rescued on the first day. Hospitalization rates were higher in patients trapped under debris and those rescued after the first day. Blunt thoracic trauma was observed in 95.5% of patients. One hundred and three patients (57.5%) underwent Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (E-FAST) in the ED, 152 patients (84.9%) underwent x-ray, and 129 patients (72.1%) underwent computed tomography (CT). Imaging studies revealed rib fractures in 49.7% and lung parenchymal injuries in 48.6% of patients. Patients with lung parenchymal injury had higher hospitalizations rates. Hospitalized patients had higher levels of white blood cells (WBCs), potassium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, creatinine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CKMB), and troponin I.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the prevalence of blunt thoracic trauma and the importance of imaging in the assessment of thoracic injuries following earthquakes. While few patients needed surgery, many required hospitalizations and had abnormal laboratory results, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring for complications like muscle damage and infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and Injury Characteristics of Patients Injured in a Hailstorm.","authors":"Kamil Kokulu, Ekrem Taha Sert, Serdar Özdemir, Hüseyin Mutlu, İbrahim Altunok","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X25000135","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X25000135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to describe the demographic characteristics, injury characteristics, and outcomes of individuals sustaining injuries during a hailstorm in Istanbul, Turkey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the medical records of 76 patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary hospital after incurring injuries due to hailstorms were retrospectively reviewed. Analyses were performed to identify hailstorm-associated injury profiles, injury mechanisms, patient demographics, and ED resource use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 76 patients, 42 (55.3%) were male and 34 (44.7%) were female, with the ages of the patients ranging from five to 79 years. Of the patients, 93.4% presented to the ED within the first eight hours after a hailstorm. The most common injury mechanisms were the direct impact of hailstones on the body surface (36.8%) and slips and falls during escape (35.6%). The most frequently injured anatomical areas were skin (60.5%), head (44.7%), and extremities (16.7%). Significant injuries occurred in only 11.8% of the patients, of whom three were treated surgically and one died. The most common injuries were soft tissue and minor head injuries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe hailstorms often strike suddenly and can be difficult to predict. In response, EDs must handle a large number of injured patients in the aftermath of a hailstorm. It is important to remember that hailstorms, like other natural disasters, can cause serious injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"43-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Data are Gathered in Mass-Casualty Incidents? A Scoping Review.","authors":"Michael Pallot, Sarah Alvi, Jade Hanley, Anisa Jafar","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X25000111","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X25000111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) are overwhelming events which generate a surge in casualties, exceeding local capacity and stressing emergency services. Significant mortality, morbidity, and economic impact is often caused. They attract responses from both local and international governmental and non-governmental medical responders. To improve professional standards and accountability, there has been much recent focus on record-keeping by teams in these contexts. This paper seeks to further understand what data are gathered and shared as a result of MCIs to outline current practice and help move towards improved minimum standards of documentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured database search and abstract screening process was conducted utilizing PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Data were then collected from all papers identified. To ensure all relevant data were gathered, authors of each included study were contacted to clarify their approach to data collection for their work.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 154 included manuscripts, 64 data categories were found and recorded, capturing MCIs over a period of 32 years located in 42 countries from all World Health Organization (WHO) global regions. Retrospective and contemporaneous data collection was equally prevalent. In-hospital or research team data collection was most common. The ten most common data categories collected were: number of injuries (94.8%), number of deaths (89.6%), injury type (81.2%), cause of injury (79.9%), age (63.0%), sex (63.0%), treatment (62.3%), severity of injury (61.7%), outcome of injury (59.1%), and investigations/treatments given (55.8%). Of the contactable authors, only 29 responded. Sixteen reported reviewing notes retrospectively or using follow-up patient interviews.</p><p><strong>Discussion & conclusions: </strong>There was significant variety in what data were collected, who collected it, and how it was done. The most common data categories were descriptive pieces of information or related to demographics. Only one-half of papers discussed treatments given. Information on both prehospital care and longer-term rehabilitation was much less prevalent.Terrorism and shooting related MCIs were the largest by paper number. Predominantly made up of more recent MCIs in higher income countries, these findings potentially reflect more organized health care systems.Overall, data collection in MCIs is challenging and heavily reliant on retrospective analysis. Current practice lacks standardization. If professionalism and accountability for health care delivery in MCIs is to be improved, so must the methods of data collection and minimum standards of documentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"21-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WADEM Position Statement: Disaster Medicine Education in Health Care Profession Training.","authors":"Andrew Shanes, Ilana Shecter, Morgan Davis","doi":"10.1017/S1049023X2500010X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1049023X2500010X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disaster Medicine is a critical and often neglected component of health care. The World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine (WADEM) Board of Directors, as well as the WADEM Student and Young Professional Special Interest Group, recognize the importance of introducing Disaster Medicine concepts early in health care education and have put forth a position statement emphasizing this importance. As leaders in Disaster Medicine, we aim to highlight the need for the integration of Disaster Medicine education into health care profession training. By acknowledging this educational need and by providing recommendations to appropriate stakeholders, we anticipate that this investment in Disaster Medicine education will assist in developing well-prepared health care professionals who will improve prehospital and emergency medicine, public health, and day-to-day health care throughout local and global communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20400,"journal":{"name":"Prehospital and Disaster Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}