PM&R最新文献

{"title":"How is wakeful rest operationalized and measured in daily life among adults with and without long-term conditions? A systematic scoping review.","authors":"Martin Ackah, Katie L Hackett, Vincent Deary, Florentina Johanna Hettinga, Hosea Boakye, Ulric Sena Abonie","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A systematic scoping review was conducted to examine how rest is operationalized and measured in daily life among adults with and without long-term conditions. Searches were performed in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Psych databases for studies from 1990 to 2024. Two independent reviewers screened and selected eligible studies, which included adults with and without long-term conditions. A content analysis was used to synthesize qualitative and quantitative evidence, categorizing rest-related descriptions. Additionally, descriptive and narrative synthesis methods were employed. Of 9393 initial records, 17 studies were included in the review. The findings revealed that rest was operationalized by several key elements, including cessation of activity or engagement in low-energy tasks (n = 9 studies); detachment from activities (n = 4 studies); experiences of peace, joy, and tranquility (n = 5 studies); and time for self-reflection and solitude (n = 2 studies). The operationalization of rest showed both similarities and differences between adults with and without long-term conditions. Although all groups defined rest in physical, emotional, and social terms, mental rest was more prominently emphasized by adults without long-term conditions. The review also identified the effects of rest, including improvements in well-being and psychological functioning (n = 4 studies) and enhanced energy levels that facilitated daily activities (n = 4 studies). However, \"excessive\" rest was linked to negative outcomes, such as increased physical symptoms and disability (n = 3 studies). Notably, only two studies assessed rest measurement tools for adults with long-term conditions. The findings suggest that rest can enhance energy, well-being, and functioning, but excessive rest may worsen physical symptoms and disability. Tailored guidance on optimal rest is essential for maximizing health benefits. The review also highlights the need for further research on comprehensive tools to measure rest.</p>","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrophysiologically negative ultrasonographically positive sural nerve entrapment.","authors":"Büşra Çulha, Hilmi Berkan Abacıoğlu, Murat Kara, Levent Özçakar","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.70018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of body mass index and pressure injuries in persons with traumatic spinal cord injury.","authors":"Alvin Wang, Yu-Ying Chen, Huacong Wen, John Scott Richards","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are conflicting findings in the literature about the association of body mass index (BMI) and pressure injury (PI) development in the population with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). It is important to investigate the relationship between BMI and risk of PI in persons with SCI because chronic PIs are associated with decreased participation in daily and community activities as well as the greatest average decline in life expectancy compared to other secondary health conditions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the relationship between BMI (kg/m²) and self-reported PI in the traumatic SCI population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional survey across 18 SCI Model Systems in the United States.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Institutional.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>2218 participants enrolled in the National SCI Model Systems Database age ≥20 years were divided into 8 BMI groups (<18.5, 18.5-19.9, 20-22.49, 22.5-24.9, 25-27.49, 27.5-29.9, 30-34.49, and ≥35 kg/m²).</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Not applicable MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The percentage of individuals reporting ≥1 PI with broken skin over the last 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence for underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal (20-22.49 kg/m²), and severe high BMI (≥35 kg/m²) was 6.6%, 15.1%, and 10.2%, respectively. Overall, 29.8% of the sample experienced a PI within the 12 months prior to the interview. Individuals who were underweight had a higher rate of PI (43.2%) when compared to those in the normal range (31.7%) and severe high BMI (29.2%; p = .02). In subgroup analyses, this was significant in the groups who were 1-5 years since injury (41.2% underweight vs. 29.1% normal; p = .04), age 40-64 (57.5% underweight vs. 33.8% normal; p = .01) and male (48.4% underweight vs. 33.6% normal; p = .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights the need for resources dedicated to PI prevention and surveillance in underweight individuals with SCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications, health care utilization, and costs in dual diagnosis of traumatic spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury compared to traumatic spinal cord injury alone.","authors":"Elsa Alvarez-Madrid, Julian Marcet, McKenna Hamm, Axler Jean Paul, Kelly E Gartner, Darryl Kaelin, Beatrice Ugiliweneza, Camilo Castillo","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.13447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.13447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) present their own health challenges and socioeconomic impact. Individuals with dual diagnosis (DD) of the two traumas may have different impacts on outcomes, health care utilization, and costs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the outcomes of DD compared to isolated TSCI at initial acute hospital stay and 12 months after discharge across TSCI level and completeness.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Observational longitudinal study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Merative MarketScan Research Database, 2000-2022.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Data were extracted for individuals with TSCI alone and DD who were over 18 years of age. The study cohort was composed of 20,212 individuals with either TSCI alone or DD (TSCI+TBI). Injury level groups consisted of cervical incomplete TSCI (CI: 6310 alone, 3962 with TBI); cervical complete TSCI (CC: 393 alone, 269 with TBI); thoracic incomplete TSCI (TI: 3542 alone, 1014 with TBI); thoracic complete TSCI (TC: 508 alone, 210 with TBI); and lumber/sacral/cauda equina TSCI (LSCE: 3227 alone, 777 with TBI).</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Not applicable.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Demographics, initial acute hospital outcomes (length of stay, index payments, complications, discharge disposition), and 12-month postdischarge outcomes (rehabilitation services, complications, overall health care utilization, and 12-month payments).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with DD were predominantly younger, male, and commercially insured . During acute hospitalization, outcomes were worse for cervical and thoracic incomplete injuries and LSCE with DD compared to TSCI alone; CI-DD had 9% higher rates of overall complications, and LSCE-DD had 2-day longer hospital stay. Median hospital payments were 1.5- to 2.7-fold higher across most groups with DD, except for CC. One year after injury, overall complications were 5%-15% higher across all DD groups, with most differences in respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric complications. Health care utilization of rehabilitation services, emergency room visits, and 12-month payments were similar or worse in DD groups compared to TSCI alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals with DD had worse outcomes and higher health care utilization compared to those with isolated TSCI, including increased hospital payments, rehabilitation use, and overall complications in the first year after injury. Our findings highlight the increased burden of DD and contribute knowledge for future treatment decision-making, resource allocation, and research initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical examination and dynamic ultrasound overriding MRI in Achilles tendon injury: Case of a recreational athlete.","authors":"Selin Demirel, Sercan Mısırlı, Batuhan Erhan Aktaş, Hilmi Berkan Abacıoğlu, Burkay Utku","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.70017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic superiority of ultrasound over MRI in chronic plantar heel pain.","authors":"Berkay Yalçınkaya, Ahmet Furkan Çolak, Murat Kara","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.70019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of stretching interventions in enhancing the shoulder range of motion in overhead athletes with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Naoya Iida, Ausberto Velasquez Garcia, Tomoyuki Kuroiwa, Kai-Lan Hsu, Omar A Selim","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.13453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.13453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sleeper stretching (SS) and cross-body stretching (CS) are common nonsurgical interventions for the management of glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) in overhead athletes such as baseball and volleyball players. However, the effectiveness of these stretching interventions in enhancing the range of motion (ROM) of shoulder internal rotation (IR) in overhead athletes with GIRD remains a subject of uncertainty. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to critically assess the efficacy of SS and CS in the ROM of the IR among overhead athletes with GIRD, thereby providing evidence-based recommendations for their use.</p><p><strong>Literature survey: </strong>A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases up to November 2024 was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the influence of SS and CS on the ROM of shoulder IR in overhead athletes with GIRD.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Data including study characteristics and outcomes were extracted. Risk of bias assessment and random-effects model meta-analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Synthesis: </strong>Six eligible studies involving 255 athletes with GIRD were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences between stretching and control groups in terms of enhancing the ROM of IR (mean difference [MD], 7°; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1°-13°; p = .02) and horizontal adduction (HAD) ([MD], 6°; [CI], 1°-11°; p = .03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SS or combination of SS and CS interventions significantly enhanced the ROM of IR compared to the control group in overhead athletes diagnosed with GIRD. Furthermore, the review confirmed that SS alone also markedly enhances the ROM of HAD. These findings highlight the potential benefits of SS and CS in managing GIRD and suggest a need for further research to optimize these interventions for broader application in overhead athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to letter re: \"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of daxibotulinumtoxinA for injection for the treatment of upper limb spasticity in adults after stroke or traumatic brain injury\".","authors":"Atul T Patel, Michael C Munin, Ziyad Ayyoub, Gerard E Francisco, Rashid Kazerooni, Todd M Gross","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.70003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations among aerobic physical activity, mild traumatic brain injury history, and health-related quality of life in military service members and Veterans: A LIMBIC-CENC study.","authors":"Brendan E Casola, Michael J Hall, John J Fraser, Jessie R Oldham, Landon B Lempke, Alexandra F DeJong Lempke, David X Cifu, William C Walker, Samuel R Walton","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.13436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.13436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common among military service members. Moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise (MVAE) is a modifiable behavior with potential benefits for individuals following mTBI but is poorly understood for long-term mTBI health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the associations between mTBI history and MVAE participation and appreciate their association with health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) among service members and Veterans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from a larger study were used in these secondary cross-sectional analyses. Lifetime mTBI history (0, 1-2, 3+) was captured via validated structured interviews. Self-reported weekly MVAE (none, below, meeting, or ≥2 times the recommendation) was recorded from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System questionnaire. Participants' HR-QOL was self-reported via Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life instrument and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (depression symptoms). Univariate mTBI history and MVAE associations were assessed via Pearson's chi-square and Kendall's Tau. Multivariable linear regression models with unstandardized beta values and 95% confidence intervals were fit for each HR-QOL questionnaire outcome, with current age, sex, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms as covariates (α = .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1995 participants (87.7% male; aged 41.7 ± 10.1 years), those meeting or exceeding (≥2 times) MVAE recommendations had significantly higher HR-QOL for fatigue, executive function, pain interference, resilience, social participation, and depression than the inactive MVAE group. Exceeding MVAE recommendations by ≥2 times was also significantly associated with better self-reported cognition - general concerns. Those who participated in exercise but didn't meet the MVAE recommendations had higher pain interference, social participation, and depression scores compared to the inactive group. More lifetime mTBIs were associated with worse HR-QOL across all domains. Level of MVAE participation was not dependent on mTBI history.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More MVAE was associated with better TBI-related HR-QOL regardless of mTBI history. MVAE is recommended for service members and Veterans due to these findings and previously reported health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144966145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Overt Behavior Scale-In Session: A behavioral assessment tool for individuals with acquired brain injury in the inpatient rehabilitation setting.","authors":"Ileana Herrin, Lindsey Harik, Elizabeth Larkin, Grahame Simpson, Christopher Falco, Chynah Blankenship, Rachelle Wilmore, Nicholas Gut, Glenn Kelly","doi":"10.1002/pmrj.13448","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pmrj.13448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Challenging behavior (CB) following acquired brain injury (ABI) has a direct impact on safety, the rehabilitation process, and societal participation. Early behavior management in inpatient rehabilitation (IPR) settings guided by appropriate assessment tools is critical for maximizing gains in IPR and successful community integration of individuals with CB following ABI.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the validity and reliability of the Overt Behavior Scale-In Session (OBS-INS), a behavioral assessment tool created for the measurement of CB following ABI in IPR.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Mixed-methods study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>An IPR facility that specializes in brain injury rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Nineteen of 54 adults ( ≥18 years of age) admitted under the services of the primary investigator following ABI (8 sustained a traumatic brain injury, 10 sustained a cerebral vascular accident, and 1 sustained an anoxic brain injury) participated in the validation of the OBS-INS. Twenty trained clinicians participated in assessing the reliability of this measure.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Not applicable.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>OBS-INS Clinical Weighted Severity ratings were compared to the Agitated Behavior Scale (ABS), Disability Rating Scale (DRS), and the Berg Balance Scale for convergent and divergent validity. Inter- and intrarater reliability were determined following video-rating sessions with trained clinicians. Clinicians also completed a study-specific questionnaire determining the utility of the OBS-INS in improving interdisciplinary communication, intervention selection, and discharge planning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A strong positive correlation was found between the OBS-INS CWS and ABS scores (r_s = .815, p < .001) with a strong correlation between the OBS-INS CWS and DRS discharge scores (r_s = .409). Interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.982; [.929-1.00]) was excellent, and intrarater reliability (r_s = .825, p < .001) was strong. Most clinicians (85%) reported that the OBS-INS was effective in measuring CB following ABI and was beneficial for interdisciplinary communication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The OBS-INS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing CB in individuals with ABI in IPR and promotes effective interdisciplinary communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":20354,"journal":{"name":"PM&R","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}