Geological Curator最新文献_第2页

‘Found in all parts of the known world’: Global connections in the collection of John Woodward (1665–1728) “在已知世界的所有地方发现”:约翰·伍德沃德(1665-1728)收藏的全球联系

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1512

Alice R. Whitehead

{"title":"‘Found in all parts of the known world’: Global connections in the collection of John Woodward (1665–1728)","authors":"Alice R. Whitehead","doi":"10.55468/gc1512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc1512","url":null,"abstract":"The Woodwardian collection is one of the most significant geological collections to survive from the early eighteenth century, but little attention has been paid to the 2,700 specimens acquired by John Woodward from Africa, Asia and North America. Woodward obtained his specimens in a piecemeal fashion, at a time when the structures of empire and transatlantic slavery were developing rapidly, and it is only within the context of empire that the complex history of the Woodwardian collection can be more fully understood. Using catalogues, letters, pamphlets and physical specimens, this paper explores the network of contacts cultivated by John Woodward and the origins of specimens donated to him by merchants, plantation owners and colonial officials. By reading his works \"against the grain\", this research also uncovers contributions made by collectors of colour, indigenous communities and enslaved people, which have long been concealed within Woodward's catalogues. It concludes with the argument that John Woodward was as curious about humanity as he was about geology, and that a deeper understanding of his collection can only be achieved if we recognise the human relationships embedded within it.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123479752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Megamammal collections from the Pampean Region (Argentina) in Europe: past and present 欧洲潘潘地区(阿根廷)巨型兽类的收藏:过去和现在

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1510

K. Chichkoyan

引用次数: 0

Preserving the Nieuwdonk collection, a hidden Pleistocene mammal assemblage from the Flemish Valley (Berlare - Belgium) 保存Nieuwdonk藏品，一个隐藏的更新世哺乳动物组合，来自佛兰德山谷(Berlare -比利时)

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1509

Anthonie Hellemond, Shana Van Hauwermeiren, Kevin Nolis, François De Bock, Sven Van Uytfanghe

{"title":"Preserving the Nieuwdonk collection, a hidden Pleistocene mammal assemblage from the Flemish Valley (Berlare - Belgium)","authors":"Anthonie Hellemond, Shana Van Hauwermeiren, Kevin Nolis, François De Bock, Sven Van Uytfanghe","doi":"10.55468/gc1509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc1509","url":null,"abstract":"In the midst of the coronavirus pandemic, the municipality of Berlare (East Flanders, Belgium) acquired an important collection of Late-Pleistocene remains from the former Nieuwdonk quarry (near Uitbergen and Overmere, province of East Flanders). This previously private collection comprises a diverse assemblage of Pleistocene mammals from the Flemish valley and covers an important part of Belgium's Quaternary fossil record, offering a window into the regional biodiversity of the last Ice Age and Interglacials (ca. 10 Ka - 126 Ka). Within the collection, various remains (318 specimens) of roughly 20 different taxa are represented, as well as reworked Tertiary ichnofossils and Stone Age artefacts, including a bone tool. Although sampling bias occurred during collecting in the 1970s, it still counts as one of the most complete Pleistocene collections from this classic location within the Scheldt basin and Unesco Global Geopark (Schelde Delta). As a result of years of poor storage conditions, almost all of the specimens suffered from desiccation and pyrite decay. A restoration project was set up during the coronavirus pandemic with restrictions imposed by the Belgian government on daily activities. In this article, we focus on the lessons we learned from both the restoration and inventorisation project during the pandemic, as well as the challenges faced in transitioning a former private collection into a public one.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"290 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134336018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rocking the boat: geological collections and social change 摇摆船:地质收藏和社会变革

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1502

Liz Hide

引用次数: 0

Conservation and photogrammetry of subfossil Quaternary walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) from the Bay of Fundy, Canada 加拿大芬迪湾第四纪海象亚化石的保护与摄影测量

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1503

Dee Stubbs-Lee, M. Stimson, R. Macrae, Olivia A. King, D. Mcalpine

引用次数: 1

Mechanical and chemical preparation techniques applied to Frasnian Cephalopods from Lompret (Belgium) 比利时隆普雷特frasian头足类动物的机械和化学制备技术

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1505

Anthonie Hellemond, Kevin Houben, Natalie Tolisz, Kevin Nolis, François De Bock, Sven Van Uytfanghe

{"title":"Mechanical and chemical preparation techniques applied to Frasnian Cephalopods from Lompret (Belgium)","authors":"Anthonie Hellemond, Kevin Houben, Natalie Tolisz, Kevin Nolis, François De Bock, Sven Van Uytfanghe","doi":"10.55468/gc1505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc1505","url":null,"abstract":"When embarking on a preparation project it is essential to consider a variety of techniques. A combination of different mechanical and chemical treatments may be necessary, even within the same formation. This article explores this principle using a case study of large accumulations of Frasnian cephalopods collected between 2015 and 2021 from the active quarry of Lompret near Chimay (province of Hainaut, Belgium). The quarry comprises strata that can be linked to the Kellwasser event, an important mass-extinction event near the Frasnian-Famennian boundary. Several of the lithological entities from this quarry require specific approaches in terms of preparation. This article will explicitly focus on preparation techniques applied to cephalopods. This informative and diverse group of macro-organisms can contribute to a better understanding of marine environmental changes during an ecological crisis. A thorough preparation of all the collected specimens from this specific location is required, as this peculiar fauna is in desperate need of a taxonomic review. We will demonstrate to what extents the uses of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and Rewoquat W 3690 PG as solvents have proven to be particularly effective in dissolving clay-rich sediments during preparation.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121768661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A brief history of natural history museums in the Ottoman Empire 奥斯曼帝国自然历史博物馆简史

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1506

G. Göçmengil

{"title":"A brief history of natural history museums in the Ottoman Empire","authors":"G. Göçmengil","doi":"10.55468/gc1506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc1506","url":null,"abstract":"Natural history collections and museums made their appearance in the Ottoman in late 19th century through various attempts to build collections through field excursions, donations and exchanges among researchers, individuals and institutions around the world. Among them, the Imperial Medical School of the Ottoman Empire, schools of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) and other American educational groups and French colleges stand out with their vast collections from various parts of the Ottoman Empire and beyond. While these museums were created and built by eminent curators and researchers, a considerable amount of work was carried out by uncredited staff and the students. The history of these museums was often obscured by catastrophic events such as the great fires in Istanbul, the passing of the curators and other administrators and, particularly, the devastating effects of the First World War. However, long-lasting commercial science objects networks and the establishment of global natural history collections and museums are still operational today, supported by scientific exchange between other countries and the Ottoman Empire during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Drawing an outline of the history of the natural history collections of the Ottoman Empire can shed light on the evolution of both the naturalistic movement within the Ottoman society and an embryonic scientific network around the Middle East and the rest of the world.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126610890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The importance of correct mineral identification for the determination of appropriate specimen storage conditions in geological museum collections 正确的矿物鉴定对确定地质博物馆藏品中适当的标本储存条件的重要性

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1504

C. Baars, K. Royce, T. Cotterell

{"title":"The importance of correct mineral identification for the determination of appropriate specimen storage conditions in geological museum collections","authors":"C. Baars, K. Royce, T. Cotterell","doi":"10.55468/gc1504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc1504","url":null,"abstract":"Many minerals are susceptible to environmental conditions; for example, several sulfates are prone to dehydration under low relative humidity. As such, the appropriate storage conditions required by minerals are species-specific. In an example presented here, stalactitic specimens previously thought to have been melanterite (a hydrated iron sulfate) from the South Wales Coalfield in the collections at National Museum Cardiff (NMC) were recently identified as being dominated by magnesium and aluminium sulfate species of various hydration states. The presence of epsomite in the majority of the analysed specimens indicates that it, rather than melanterite, was likely the initial predominant phase of the stalactites. Whilst the stability limits of hydrated iron sulfates markedly differ compared to those of magnesium and aluminium, all will dehydrate if stored under low relative humidity, as evidenced in the example provided here. Specimen storage in fluctuating and low relative humidity environments resulted in the dehydration of the magnesium and aluminium sulfates to lesser hydrated sulfates, and consequently resulted in partial loss of the original specimens. As storage environments affect long-term preservation and appropriate storage conditions for minerals are species-specific, the accurate identification of mineral specimens is imperative for the determination of appropriate storage conditions.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126693824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Publication pressure threatens the integrity of palaeontological research 出版压力威胁着古生物学研究的完整性

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31223/x5v32z

N. Raja, E. Dunne

{"title":"Publication pressure threatens the integrity of palaeontological research","authors":"N. Raja, E. Dunne","doi":"10.31223/x5v32z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5v32z","url":null,"abstract":"Publications are the de facto currency of academia. Academics, palaeontologists included, are judged by publication metrics, which usually include the impact factor of the journal in which they publish, the number of publications, and the number of citations. However, in the race to publish in high-impact journals and the pressure to increase research productivity, sometimes corners are cut, leading to an increase in scientific and other types of misconduct. In this paper, we demonstrate how ethical, and even legal, transgressions within palaeontology, particularly regarding the provenance of fossil specimens, are inherently related to the pressure faced by academic researchers to publish “novel” studies in high-impact journals. We note how papers in high-impact journals follow a consistent theme of either showcasing novel evidence or methods, or describing charismatic or unusual specimens, often dinosaur-related. We examine notable recent examples of these papers that have been linked to ethical and legal problems, which have ironically been brought to light by virtue of the paper being widely publicised as highly “impactful”. Finally, we discuss the importance of developing an ethical framework for scientific publishing, which currently does not exist; only a handful of professional palaeontological bodies, including societies and journals, have independently developed policies to combat these issues. As long as the culture of “publish or perish” lingers in palaeontology, there will be no incentive for more ethical research that better serves both science and society to prevail.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128082835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Digitising the historical archives of the Conservation Centre at the Natural History Museum, London 数字化伦敦自然历史博物馆保护中心的历史档案

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc1507

K. Miles

引用次数: 0