Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies最新文献

{"title":"Tinospora Cordifolia (Gurjo) and Its Potential Role to Combat with COVID-19: A Review","authors":"M. Subedi, Binita Timilsina, N. Adhikari, D. Gautam","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51654","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-based medicines have been used to maintain health and treat disease since the dawn of civilization. The present review focuses on studies that have been done on the characteristics of T. cordifolia to see if they may be used to combat COVID-19 Pandemic. During the review, various methodological activities were involved from developing the review concept, reviewing the articles, analyzing them, and finally writing the paper. The result shows that herbal medicine is used by 80% of the world’s population for some aspect of basic health care. T. cordifolia is a medicinal plant which is a useful home remedy for chronic fever, as it calms burning sensations and boosts energy and hunger. Glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, diterpenoid lactones, sesquiterpenoid, and aliphatic chemicals are the most common substances found in this herb. Scientific research on this medicine could lead to a novel method as well as knowledge into COVID-19 prevention, management, and the development of a new therapeutic component.","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117303556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consciousness or Matter: Swami Prabhupada’s Power of Skepticism in Life Comes from Life","authors":"S. Bhandari","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.53913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.53913","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines and interprets the skeptical inquisitions of Swami Prabhupada about the matter as the source of creation in his Life Comes from Life. As a critique of dominant theories and presuppositions of science, the book establishes his belief that consciousness dwells in the creation, and it drives its entirety. Even matter and chemicals, which modern science supposes as the facts, come out of nature, and nature has its vibes in spirit. With the logics from the philosophy of the spiritual, Prabhupada establishes the validity that the materialist scientists are ignoramus because they could not form life and win death even though they are well equipped with the chemicals and labs. Besides, they formulate various but contradictory hypotheses in the different phases of their experiments. As hydrogen and oxygen simply do not formulate water, some human endeavor is required there. In the same way, guiding force is spirit or consciousness that drives the creation and life. In this regard, the dichotomy between spirit and matter, discussed in this work, remains a new revisiting. He puts strong skeptical inquisitions with his stands on the solid ground of philosophy of skepticism postulated by philosophers like, Arcesilaus, Pyrrho, Empiricus, and in some crucial points Descartes and Hume. To unveil these ideations, this paper implements a qualitative research approach and imperative method with the lens of the philosophy of skepticism as the theoretical tool.","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127547928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Bank-Specific Variables on Financial Performance of Joint Venture Banks in Nepal","authors":"H. Pathak, J. Gurung, Gupta Bahadur Thapa Magar","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51645","url":null,"abstract":"Banks play an important role not only in the growth of the financial system but also in the development of the overall economy of a nation. Therefore, the determinants of bank performance have attracted the interest of academic research, bank management, and financial markets as well as of bank regulatory bodies. This paper examines the impact of bank-specific variables on the financial performance of joint venture banks in Nepal. The data are collected from the supervision report of Nepal Rastra Bank and annual reports of the sample banks for 10 years from the fiscal year 2009/10 to 2018/19. Based on the results of the Breusch-Pagan LM test and Hausman Test, fixed effects regression models are applied to examine the effects of bank-specific variables on the financial performance of Nepalese joint venture banks. The result shows that there is a significant positive impact of size and employee expenses on the performance of banks measured in terms of return on assets, return on equity and net interest margin. Management efficiency has also a positive impact on the performance of banks but it is significant only on net interest margin. Similarly, there is a significant negative impact of liquidity on return on equity and net interest margin and a significant negative impact of operating expenses on the net interest margin of the banks.","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114957688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methicillin-Resistant Staphyloccocus aureus Contamination in Hospital Door Handles of Pokhara, Nepal","authors":"B. Sharma, B. P. Sharma, Angeela Kunwar, Nirmala Basnet, Padam Darlami Magar, Sajana Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51641","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of contaminants on the door handles surfaces of hospitals may be a common means of transfer of potentially pathogenic bacteria among users and can act as vehicles of diseases transmission. The aim of this study was to isolate, identify and evaluate the presence of bacterial contaminants and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci (MRSA) with their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern present on the door handles of selected hospitals of Pokhara Metropolitan City, Western Nepal to take the necessary remedial measures. Isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of bacteria were done using standard microbiological procedures. Further screening and confirmation of MRSA were done according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institutes (CLSI) guidelines. Out of the 100 swab samples cultured, 96 (96%) showed bacterial growth. 62.86% (88/140) of the isolates were found to be Gram positive. Percentage distribution of the isolates showed that the most prevalent Gram-positive bacteria identified was Staphylococcus aureus (43.18%), followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococci (15.91%), Bacillus spp (11.36%), Diptheroides (10.23%) but considerable number of Micrococci (7.95%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (6.82%), Enterococci (4.55%). Prevalence of MRSA in this study was 39.47%. Significant difference in antibiotic resistance pattern was found among MRSA and MSSA isolates (P<0.05) reflecting increased ability of MRSA to develop resistance against various antimicrobials. Drugs like clindamycin, cefazoline and amikacin were found quite effective against MRSA in the present study would be better options for the management of such infections. MRSA strains’ contaminating on the door handles of hospitals may cause threat of infections to patients, hospital staffs, visitors to hospitals and people in the community. Thus, regular surveillance and disinfection with appropriate agent at regular interval would minimize the settlement and transmission of various pathogens including MRSA.Keywords: Contaminants; disinfection; door handles; hospital; MRSA; pathogen","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126273091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-religious Harmony Between Hindu and Muslim Religious Communities of Miya Patan of Pokhara","authors":"Niranjan Ojha","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51652","url":null,"abstract":"Most Hindus see Muslims as the opposing faith to their own, although Hindus attend Muslim celebrations and Muslims attend Hindu festivals in Pokhara. Muslims in Pokhara dress in Nepali attire, which is not Islamic, and communicate in Nepali rather than Urdu or Hindi, which are peculiar to Muslim fundamentalism. Religious harmony is always vital for maintaining peace and harmony in a multi-religious country like Nepal. Despite the fact that Nepal is a secular country with a Hindu majority, Muslims are important and integral parts of Nepalese society. Unlike neighboring nations, there have been no severe religious riots or confrontations between Hindus and Muslims up to this point. When two cultures meet and interact, religious ideas will be transferred. The Muslims of Miya Patan have never contemplated a separate identity or attempted to break from society. They are quite proud of their national identity and identify more as Nepalese than Muslims. For ages, the Muslims of Pokhara have coexisted peacefully with their Hindu neighbors. This study attempts to explain the underlying causes influencing religious harmony in a multi-religious community of Miya Patan of Pokhara. In order to address the problem of study, discussion, in-depth interview and library research methods are applied. It is based on qualitative research method. It underlines the importance of components responsible for religious harmony in Pokhara. The findings may inspire other minority religious groups to maintain solid relationships in different parts of the country.","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125263994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Human Resource in Quality Enhancement of Tourism Service in Pokhara","authors":"A. Bhandari","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51627","url":null,"abstract":"The Nepal Tourism Policy 2009 recognizes tourism as a key driver for the country and economic growth by creating job opportunities and producing foreign reserves. Tourism policy has been developed to promote the growth and extension of tourism activities, the quality improvement of tourism services, the increase of income, and the expansion of job possibilities in order to enhance Nepalese people living standards. Quality reflects several elements of tourism, such as physical, natural, and environmental. It also focuses on quality tourism; however, officials and tourist operators are divided on the subject. Tourism in Pokhara is increasingly transitioning to mass tourism. As a result, it appears that the moment has come to incorporate quality tourism concepts in the sector. The ecological, economic, and socio-cultural components of tourist development, as well as an appropriate balance between these three dimensions, are referred to as sustainability principles. It also aims to increase the quality of infrastructure and human resources. Role of human resources are always vital ensuring quality assurance. Hence it is the time to address the importance of human resource enhancing quality in the industry. This is a historical study based on qualitative research method. In this study, descriptive and analytical methods were used to investigate the importance of examining and analyzing the challenges faced by the tourism industry in terms of quality, human resources in order to ensure the long-term sustainability of the Nepalese tourism industry. This article focuses mostly on the quality of tourism through human resources. Tourist satisfaction is determined by their actions and attitudes, which is a source of worry in the Nepalese tourism business, particularly in Pokhara.","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"45 23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131825105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Inflation: Evidence from Nepalese Data","authors":"Deepak Neupane","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.51643","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the examination of the relationship between the inflation and its major determinants in Nepal namely, GDP at constant price, investment, broad money supply, remittance, exchange rate, interest rate and inflation of India considering their log form using the data from 1980 to 2020 A.D. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test was adopted to examine whether the variables are stationary or not. The data under the consideration were integrated of different orders I (0) and I (1) so autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) and bounds test was employed to make the analysis of the data. Vector auto regression (VAR) lag selection criteria was employed for the selection of the optimum lag length. The short run results show that the broad money supply, exchange rate and inflation of India are the significant determinants. Moreover, the results of F-statistic bounds test shows that GDP at constant price, broad money supply, exchange rate and Indian inflation are the major determinants of inflation in the long-run. The negative and significant value of the error correction term (ECT) imply that, the deviation in the long run increment in the inflation is corrected in the succeeding year. In addition, the results of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) and cumulative sum of square (CUSUMSQ) indicate the stability in the coefficients.","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125932794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Eco Critical Reading of Lohani’s 'Gaia' and V.S. Rai’s 'Corona Says'","authors":"Chet Bahadur Pokhrel","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.53906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.53906","url":null,"abstract":"Environment is the indispensable domain of human beings which provides the larger platform of various activities. Essentially, violation of environmental ethics has been the hue and cry at present. This paper aims to explore the environmental issues imbedded in the poems of Shreedhar Lohani’s Gaia and Vishnu Singh Rai’s Corona Says. The purpose of this research is to explore and highlight the anthropocentrism, man-nature relationship and the consequences of the transgression of nature. This qualitative research investigates the select poems ‘Gaia’ and ‘Corona Says’ from an eco-critical approach. The qualitative method of interpretation is used to analyze both of the poems. The secondary data has been used to interpret the texts as they are published in the text books. An examination on these poems sheds lights on the idea that the random use of resources and human indifference to nature brings immeasurable consequences to human beings. The study concludes that the poems are thematically interconnected, rich in eco critical awareness and reaffirm that the excessive practice of any ideology either eco centrism or anthropocentrism has adverse effects on environment. From the study, it is deduced that green ecology and the ecological balance should be the new human agenda in the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122823802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"खससाम्राज्यको नेपाली अभिलेखन : सर्वेक्षण, चुनौती र निकास","authors":"यमनाथ तिमिल्सिना","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.53920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.53920","url":null,"abstract":"‘खससाम्राज्यको नेपाली अभिलेखन : सर्वेक्षण, चुनौती र निकास’ शीर्षकको यो आलेख नेपाली लेख्यपरम्पराको थालनीदेखि खससाम्राज्यको विघटनपूर्वका अभिलेखको अध्ययनमा केन्द्रित छ । पुस्तकालयबाट आवश्यक द्वितीयक सामग्री सङ्कलन गरी निगमनात्मक तथा वर्णनात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गर्दै भाषाविज्ञानका जानकार व्यक्तिहरूसँग छलफल गरेर आलेखलाई पूर्णता दिइएको हो । यहाँ नागराज र खस जातिका मानिस तिब्बतबाट कर्णाली प्रदेशको जुम्लास्थित सिंजा उपत्यकामा आई खससाम्राज्यको स्थापना गरेर जनसाधारणको खस बोलीलाई अभिलेखन गरी राजकीय मान्यता दिएको तथ्य अघि सारिएको छ । अग्रज विद्वान्हरूको पूर्वकार्यको विवरण पेस गर्दै अध्ययन हुन बाँकी रहेको विषयलाई समेटी प्राचीनकालीन नेपाली अभिलेखको भाषिक कोणबाट सर्वेक्षण गरेर वि.सं. ११५१ को वामु खँड्काको स्तम्भलेखबाट नेपाली भाषाले अभिलेखनमा प्रवेश गरेको देखाइएको छ । नेपाली अभिलेखनमा उठाइएका विषयसन्दर्भहरू, नेपाली अभिलेखनका विशेषताहरू, चोपिला शब्दको अर्थबोध, नेपाली उखान र टुक्काको सर्वेक्षण गरिएको छ । खससाम्राज्य विघटनपूर्वका नेपाली अभिलेखहरूको अध्ययनमा देखिएको चुनौतीलाई अभिलेखको समय विवाद, अभिलेखन उतारमा विविधता, स्थानीय भाषिकाको प्रयोग, शब्दका रूप र अर्थ अनेक हुनु, मिश्रित भाषाको प्रयोग, लिपि वा वर्ण पहिचानमा समस्या आदि बुँदामा केन्द्रित भएर प्रस्ट्याइएको छ । अभिलेखन अध्ययनमा देखिएका चुनौतीको निकासमा विज्ञहरूको सामूहिक निर्णयबाट समयको विवाद मिलाउने, अभिलेखन उतारमा देखिएका समस्यामा लिपिविज्ञ, भाषाशास्त्री र इतिहासकारको उपस्थितिमा निकास खोज्नुपर्ने, भाषिकाका कारण उत्पन्न समस्या भाषिकाका जानकार व्यक्तिबाट हटाउने, मिश्रित भाषाबाट उत्पन्न चुनौतीका लागि संस्कृत, तिब्बती र नेपाली भाषाका विज्ञबाट निकास खोज्ने र राष्ट्रले उचित भाषानीति र भाषायोजना बनाई सामूहिक वातावरण तयार गरेर वा संस्थागत निर्णयबाट चुनौतीको निकास खोज्न सुझाव दिइएको छ । अन्त्यमा खससाम्राज्यका नेपाली अभिलेखको सङ्कलन र भाषिक सर्वेक्षण गरी अध्ययनमा उठेका चुनौती र चुनौतीको निकास प्रस्तुत गर्दै अध्ययनको उपलब्धि तथा निष्कर्ष दिइएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115832575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degenerate Representation and Racism in Heart of Darkness","authors":"Yog Raj Paudel","doi":"10.3126/jjis.v11i1.53914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v11i1.53914","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has analyzed Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness from Orientalist perspective. The term “Orientalism” has been a critical tool after Edward Said described how understanding of Europe about the non-Europeans became a weapon of maintaining power over the latter. This research has applied analytical and interpretivist approaches in discussion. The objective is to pinpoint why and how colonial rulers in the novel stereotypically produce representations of the Orient (here African is included) and create a false illusion that the West is “self” and the East is “other”. The selected text is analyzed in light of Edward Said’ description of the stereotypes of Oriental land and race as strange, inferior and wild. The search shows that Conrad presents Africans as uncivilized people, living in backward condition. He derogatorily describes them in their physical appearance and social behavior. Congo land is presented as wild, uncommon and mysterious. Europeans in the novel express their obsession that they are intelligent, skilled and much superior to the native and try to justify the colonial rule as an effort to civilize the African race and develop the place.","PeriodicalId":203146,"journal":{"name":"Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125345699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}