Practical Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Unusual infections and diabetes: dangerous fungi","authors":"R. Hillson","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2440","url":null,"abstract":"World Health Organisation In October 2022, WHO issued a warning: ‘Fungal pathogens are a major threat to public health as they are becoming increasingly common and resistant to treatment...Most fungal pathogens lack rapid and sensitive diagnostics...During the COVID-19 pandemic, the reported incidence of invasive fungal infections increased significantly among hospitalized patients... Despite the growing concern, fungal infections receive very little attention and resources.’2","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88519411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common tests for diabetic peripheral neuropathy","authors":"K. Bishop, R. Poole","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2428","url":null,"abstract":"In this fifth article in our ‘Test Tips’ series, Dr Katherine Bishop and Dr Ruth Poole examine the relative benefits and limitations of the four commonly‐used tests for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91284375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediabetes screening, treatment, and follow‐up in primary health care: a cross‐sectional survey","authors":"Katri Harcke, M. Graue, T. Skinner, Christina B Olsson, Nouha Saleh Stattin","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2425","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to describe routines for screening, treatment, and follow‐up for prediabetes at primary health care centres in Region Stockholm, Sweden.","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78955860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined COVID‐19 and influenza infection: an imminent ‘double whammy’ ahead?","authors":"K. Shaw","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2421","url":null,"abstract":"A the winter of 2022–23 approaches, concern is already developing about the prospect of a dual co-infection with simultaneous SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19/ Omicron) and influenza A (currently H3N2). Furthermore, as a result of essential measures put in place over the last couple of years to mitigate risk of transmitting COVID infection, the incidence of seasonal influenza has been substantially less than in previous years, raising the potential probability of a more susceptible population with a lessened natural immunity to influenza infection. Indeed, present reports from Australia, inevitably the prelude to later western experience, indicate a rapid rise in influenza A notifications, a challenge reinforced by declining uptake of seasonal influenza vaccine both in Australia and the UK.1","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"14 1","pages":"3 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80846732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting people with type 2 diabetes who need insulin","authors":"K. Winkley","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2424","url":null,"abstract":"The year 2022 marks 100 years since the first person with diabetes received an insulin injection and supporting people with insulin self‐management is a core role for diabetes nurses. Janet Kinson was a diabetes nurse and author. She developed the first diabetes education programme for nurses and the topic of insulin was central to the curriculum. This article will honour the contribution she made by focusing on diabetes education for people with type 2 diabetes who need insulin. It will start by tracing why and when people with type 2 diabetes should start insulin treatment followed by an exploration of the barriers to starting insulin at the level of the individual, the health care professional and the health system. We know that around 50% of people with type 2 diabetes delay starting insulin for seven years when it is clinically indicated. We also know that around a third of people with type 2 diabetes who are insulin treated remain hyperglycaemic or experience frequent hypoglycaemia. Therefore, there is a need for interventions that address delay, optimise starting insulin as well as consider how we best support people with type 2 diabetes to persist with and intensify their insulin over the diabetes journey. This article presents the current literature on interventions to support people with type 2 diabetes with insulin and identify gaps in support that may be addressed in future research. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons..","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73302866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dapagliflozin and euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis – ‘But doctor my sugars were normal!’","authors":"K. Watters, V. Greener, Akaterini Theodoraki, E. Nogueira, K. Shotliff","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85899390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical/biochemical characteristics and related outcomes in people with new‐onset diabetes and COVID‐19: experience from a single centre","authors":"Diego Mun oz Moreno, R. J. Ramos, Laura González Fernández, Alejandra Maricel Rivas Montenegro, María Miguélez González, Noemí Brox Torrecilla, O. G. Albarrán","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2426","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: It is known that there is a bidirectional relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). It has been described that those patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 could develop severe metabolic decompensation of pre‐existing or new‐onset DM, although diabetogenic effect of SARS‐CoV‐2 has still not been well consolidated. In fact, the coexistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and new‐onset DM is an infrequent situation.","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"43 1","pages":"24 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81174409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Window of opportunity: screening for GCK monogenic diabetes in the antenatal diabetes clinic","authors":"Aarthi Surendran, A. Brackenridge, S. White","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2427","url":null,"abstract":"Monogenic diabetes (MODY) is a rare, inherited form of diabetes, of which glucokinase (GCK) mutation is one of the most common forms. Correct diagnosis is important, particularly during pregnancy, as treatment should be tailored accordingly. In our antenatal diabetes clinic, we audited those eligible for genetic screening over a one‐year period as per European Best Practice guidelines (2008) and new NHS England criteria (2021), as well as those identified with the mutation. Our audit recorded a significant drop in the number of eligible women identified using new criteria (2.6% vs 5.2%), with a notable reduction in women of African ethnicity (15.2% vs 29.2%). The audit highlighted the need for increased health care professional awareness and the implementation of clear pathways within the antenatal diabetes service to facilitate identification of women for genetic screening and subsequent appropriate management. It also underlined the importance of ongoing assessment of the clinical performance of the new screening criteria. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons.","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72473504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teeth and gums in diabetes","authors":"R. Hillson","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2422","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77645271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faricimab for treatment of diabetic macular oedema","authors":"Adriana Kovacova","doi":"10.1002/pdi.2423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2423","url":null,"abstract":"8 PRACTICAL DIABETES Vol. 39 No. 6 Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons D macular oedema (DME) is a common cause of sight impairment in people with diabetes. Twentyseven percent of people with type 1 diabetes develop DME within nine years of the disease onset.1 For people with type 2 diabetes, 25.4% of insulin dependent and 13.9% of those who do not use insulin have DME.2 Alarmingly, diabetes is estimated to increase by 56% in the United States by 2030, with DME causing visual impairment in up to 25% of patients.2 Given the current therapeutic options, there is a strong need for innovative drugs designed to reduce treatment burden by improved efficacy and durability.3–5 NICE recently approved faricimab (Vabysmo), a novel bispecific monoclonal antibody designed for the intravitreal treatment of diabetic eye disease.6 By targeting both vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and the angiopoietin–tyrosine kinase endothelial receptors pathway (Ang/ Tie pathway) it displays an improved and sustained efficacy over longer treatment intervals, delivering superior vision outcomes and reducing the treatment burden.7,8 DME is the accumulation of excess fluid within the central area of the retina, called the macula. Risk factors include duration of diabetes, elevated HbA1c, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, impaired renal function and the use of thiazolidinediones.9 DME usually causes distorted and blurred vision and creates difficulty especially with detailed tasks such as reading, watching television, driving and recognising faces. It gets diagnosed by a combination of clinical examination (dilated fundoscopy) and optical coherence tomography. The treatment of DME is systemic involving optimising control of diabetes, blood pressure and lipid profile as well as cessation of smoking. In addition, ophthalmic treatments are often indicated. Retinal laser has been conventionally used to treat macular thickening not directly involving the central vision.10 Fovea involving DME is managed by two main classes of intravitreal medication: anti-VEGF injections and steroid implants.4,9,11–13 Discovery of the VEGF pathway has facilitated treatments that are currently being used as mainstay of care in DME sufferers. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are a family of cytokines, that are involved in the process of angiogenesis. They function as signal proteins that bind with their respective transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors (VEGFR) leading to proliferation of endothelial cells and growth of new blood vessels from existing vasculature. There are five main isoforms in the VEGF family: VEGF A–D and placental growth factor (PIGF). In patients with DME, VEGF levels are upregulated – in particular VEGF-A levels, a key component in pathological neoangiogenesis and vascular permeability.7,14,15 Anti-VEGF agents are engineered humanised antibodies that block the effects of VEGF on the leaking capillaries in DME, therefore ‘dry up’ the macula. Anti-VEGF ranibizumab ","PeriodicalId":20309,"journal":{"name":"Practical Diabetes","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90449867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}