Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Global Resources and Eco-Labels: A Neutrality Result","authors":"Peter E. Robertson","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9396.2007.00679.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9396.2007.00679.x","url":null,"abstract":"I evaluate the effectiveness of eco-labeling programs that are designed to mitigate transboundary environmental problems. A simple two-country model is considered, where consumers in each country value a common environmental resource. It is shown that, in equilibrium, the level of damage is independent of whether one or both countries have eco-labeling policies. Hence, the implementation of an existing eco-labeling program by a second country may have no effect, or a very limited effect, on the stock of the environmental resource. The result highlights potential limitations of eco-labeling policies in this international context.","PeriodicalId":202915,"journal":{"name":"Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131968359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Decisions: Demographics and Consumer Understanding of Environmental Labels","authors":"Clare D'souza, M. Taghian, R. Peretiatko","doi":"10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00567.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2006.00567.x","url":null,"abstract":"This research examined the demographic profiles of Australian green consumers in relation to their satisfaction of environmental labelling. It examined consumers’ understanding of labelling and empirically investigated the association of demographic profile of consumers with their attitudes towards such labels. The results indicated that some of the demographic variables were significant, which is largely consistent with earlier findings by other researchers in this area. Label dissatisfaction was higher in the older and middle age respondents. However, some respondents disagreed that labels were accurate while commenting that labels were easy to understand. The key issue arising from the findings is that in order to provide perception of accuracy in labels, it is an option to use Type I or Type III labelling on products. These labels are, arguably, more credible because they are endorsed by third party labelling experts. This would come at a cost and for green products that use third party labelling, they will also have to bear in mind to keep the prices competitive.","PeriodicalId":202915,"journal":{"name":"Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127612014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEBB: Fuel Efficiency Buy-Back Program","authors":"Eddie Aristakes Hayrabedian","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.996847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.996847","url":null,"abstract":"This Efficiency Program is design to encourage the skilled truck drivers in a way to save precious fuel during their work shift. The main objectives of FEBB are: 1st The transportation and forwarding companies offer an incentive to its drivers that called FEBB program: It means all fuel savings will transformed to driver bonus monthly payment additional to its basic salary. How it is calculate? All engines have technical specification by producer state the average urban or highway fuel consumption. All below those specifications are fuel savings. You simply multiply the fuel saving in litters or gallons by the fuel price at the middle of the month (to monthly eliminate standard deviation of fuel price). How the drivers do savings? - The skilled driver would adjust the vehicle speed not only accelerating the engine but most with switching the gear while the engine is working at its optimum of rotational force (torque); 2nd It is announced as incentives to SKILLED DRIVERS, which predefined that only drivers saving fuel are skilled. That will change driver mentality to more economic and environmental safety manner. Benefits: 1. You can lower fuel consumption in average vary from 1 litter/100kms for engines below 2000cc to 5 litters/100kms for heavy engines over 12,000cc; 2. Environmental more safety; 3. Encourage the drivers not to exceed speed limits because fast driving means higher fuel consumption. Conforming with speeds limits will decrease the road incidents; 4. Engine's and suspension system physical depreciation is lower. The lower depreciation the lower costs of maintenance; 5. More cost-effective routing is chosen by the driver in order to save fuel; 6. In some countries it will reduce the fuel pilferage. Common phenomenon in south-east Europe; 7. Fuel save = Bonus Payment = Motivation. Application: Effective: In countries where the highway network is well developed; Ineffective: In urban environment where a lot of maneuvers are required during transportation. Broad application: Automotive industry: this theory leads to the term Economic Drive Gear System (EDGS). In general it is 12-18 gear automatic transmission system that is working on maximum of moment (torque) in terms of RPM. How it works? - The transmission changes the gear up when the RPM moves up with more than 10% vs. ORPM and the transmission changes the gear down when RPM drops down with more than 10% vs. ORPM. * ORPM = optimum of revolutions per minutes (see Prerequisites for the theory). Prerequisites for the theory (the following facts are well known but fundamental for FEBB theory and could be defined as Axioms): 1. Newton metre is the unit of moment (torque**) of self propelling internal combustion engines. The maximum of moment (torque) for diesel engines is achievable with the range of 1000-2000 rpm that could differ from one producer to another. The best engines are those that have wider range of revolutions per minutes (rpm) while keeping the maximum of the moment (tor","PeriodicalId":202915,"journal":{"name":"Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123985956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change, Mortality, and Adaptation: Evidence from Annual Fluctuations in Weather in the Us","authors":"","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.995830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.995830","url":null,"abstract":"This paper produces the first large-scale estimates of the US health related welfare costs due to climate change. Using the presumably random year-to-year variation in temperature and two state of the art climate models, the analysis suggests that under a \"business as usual\" scenario climate change will lead to an increase in the overall US annual mortality rate ranging from 0.5% to 1.7% by the end of the 21st century. These overall estimates are statistically indistinguishable from zero, although there is evidence of statistically significant increases in mortality rates for some subpopulations, particularly infants. As the canonical Becker-Grossman health production function model highlights, the full welfare impact will be reflected in health outcomes and increased consumption of goods that preserve individuals' health. Individuals' likely first compensatory response is increased use of air conditioning; the analysis indicates that climate change would increase US annual residential energy consumption by a statistically significant 15% to 30% ($15 to $35 billion in 2006 dollars) at the end of the century. It seems reasonable to assume that the mortality impacts would be larger without the increased energy consumption. Further, the estimated mortality and energy impacts likely overstate the long-run impacts on these outcomes, since individuals can engage in a wider set of adaptations in the longer run to mitigate costs. Overall, the analysis suggests that the health related welfare costs of higher temperatures due to climate change are likely to be quite modest in the US.","PeriodicalId":202915,"journal":{"name":"Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127902516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Insurance and the Obesity Externality","authors":"Jay Bhattacharya, N. Sood","doi":"10.1016/S0731-2199(06)17011-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-2199(06)17011-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":202915,"journal":{"name":"Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115596923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Shocks and the Demand for Energy","authors":"Palle Schelde Andersen (deceased), Henri J Bernard","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.868478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.868478","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses developments in energy consumption and oil markets since the early 1970s, highlighting the fall in energy and oil consumption per unit of output and the accompanying reduction in industrialised countries' exposure and vulnerability to energy shocks. In an attempt to analyse the determinants of aggregate output, a very simple model is subsequently presented to discuss the major transmission channels of energy price shocks and the related risk of disturbances to long-term equilibrium growth. The focus is then turned on investment and the capital stock and their role in the determination of energy demand. Energy demand equations are empirically derived for seven major countries, distinguishing in each case between demand for energy in industry, transportation and the commercial and residential sectors.","PeriodicalId":202915,"journal":{"name":"Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125538466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Educational Organizations' Culture of Sustainable Consumption: Initiating and Evaluating Cultural Change in Schools and Universities","authors":"Daniel Fischer","doi":"10.3844/JSSP.2011.66.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/JSSP.2011.66.78","url":null,"abstract":"Problem Statement: Patterns of consumption are considered as a main driver of unsustainable development. In the debate, education and educational organizations are unisonous considered as a key player to contribute to a more sustainable socialization of young consumers. Both schools and universities are challenged to become places and life-worlds in which sustainable consumption can be learned and experienced. The objective of this paper was to explore how educational organizations can effectively engage their members in bringing about the aspired transformations and monitoring their effects. Approach: The study used a conceptual approach that included three steps. Firstly, the concept of an educational organization's Culture of Consumption (COC) was adopted as an analytical frame of reference. In a second step, methodological propositions for changing the organizational COC were discussed drawing on the concepts of mode-2 knowledge production and participatory change management. In a third step, existing tools and approaches to sustainability auditing in the educational context were screened and critically discussed against the background of recent innovations in mode-2 approaches to sustainability evaluation. Results: The findings revealed that while existing sets of indicators did adequately account for key consumption-related organizational operations and to some extent for educational goals and aspirations, they failed to tap the realm of underlying and tacit basic assumptions that substantiate the essence of an organizational COC. To remedy this shortcoming, additional indicators and modifications were proposed. As a synthesis, a synoptic framework of a monitoring system for an educational organization's COC was presented. Conclusion: The study's results highlighted the need to develop monitoring frameworks that go beyond assessing operative performances and pay greater attention to reflective, interpretative and deliberative capacities in educational organizations.","PeriodicalId":202915,"journal":{"name":"Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115575778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealed Preferences for Climate Protection when the Purely Individual Perspective is Relaxed - Evidence from a Framed Field Experiment","authors":"A. Löschel, Bodo Sturm, Reinhard Uehleke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2217489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2217489","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate the real demand for climate protection when the purely individual perspective of existing revealed preference studies is relaxed. This is achieved in two treatments; first, we determine the information subjects receive about the demand revealed by other subjects in a similar decision making situation, second, collective action is implemented whereby all subjects are required to purchase the group's median quantity at a given price. Participants in the experiment were offered the opportunity to contribute to climate protection by purchasing European Union Allowances. Allowances purchased were withdrawn from the European Emissions Trading Scheme. In our experiment, information about other subjects' behaviour has no treatment effect on the demand for climate protection. Under collective action however, the probability of purchasing allowances is higher compared to the reference treatment situation, an individual contribution mechanism. Furthermore, we observe a strong correlation between subjects' demand and their expectations about other participants' behaviour. When collective action is not available, subjects' expectations are consistent with free rider behaviour.","PeriodicalId":202915,"journal":{"name":"Consumer Social Responsibility eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126484679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}