{"title":"Invite Your Friend and You’ll Move Up in Line: Optimal Design of Referral Priority Programs","authors":"Luyi Yang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3275449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3275449","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the optimal design of referral priority programs, in which customers on a waitlist can jump the line by inviting their friends to also join the waitlist. Recent years have witnessed a growing presence of referral priority programs as a novel customer acquisition strategy for firms that maintain a waitlist. Different variations of this scheme are seen in practice, raising the question of what should be the optimal referral priority mechanism. We build an analytical model that integrates queueing theory into a mechanism design framework, where the objective of the firm is to maximize the system throughput, i.e., to accelerate customer acquisition as much as possible. Our analysis shows that the optimal mechanism has one of the following structures: full-priority, partial priority, first-in-first-out (FIFO), and strategic delay. A full-priority (partial-priority) scheme enables referring customers to get ahead of all (only some) non-referring ones. A FIFO scheme does not provide any priority-based referral incentive. A strategic-delay scheme grants full priority to referring customers, but artificially inflates the delay of non-referring ones. We show that FIFO is optimal if either the base market size or the referral cost is large. Otherwise, partial priority is optimal if the base market size is above a certain threshold; full priority is optimal at the threshold base market size; strategic delay is optimal if the base market size is below the threshold. We also find that referrals motivate the firm to maintain a larger capacity and therefore, can surprisingly shorten the average delay even though more customers sign up and strategic delay is sometimes inserted. Our paper provides prescriptive guidance for launching the optimal referral priority program and rationalizes common referral schemes seen in practice.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131186368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Let's Abolish Pre-Publication Peer Review and Print Journals","authors":"B. Bailey","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3170307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3170307","url":null,"abstract":"The paper gives 4 reasons to abolish pre-publication peer review and print journals. First, every print journal’s editor and referees effectively say to its subscribers, “We will decide for you what is (and is not) worth reading.�? Therein lies the same thought control that the Catholic Church practiced for 407 years with its list of forbidden books. Second, print journals’ pre-publication peer-review process is so seriously flawed that it should be scrapped. Interesting examples of each of the 3 types of flaws are given. One example recites my experience with an unethical journal editor (Alexander Bird). Third, end-of-process inspection is an ineffective quality-control system. And fourth, the internet is a far better distribution system than the one print journals use.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122699160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Critical View of the Evolution of the Accounting Professoriate","authors":"S. Zeff","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3257438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3257438","url":null,"abstract":"The first two-thirds of this paper is a review and analysis of the evolution of the accounting research and education environments, primarily in the United States but also with respect to Canada, from the 1960s to the present time. The final third of the paper consists of a critique of contemporary approaches to both accounting research and education.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114633841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying Accounting Conservatism in the Presence of Skewness","authors":"H. Jarva, Matthijs Lof","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3151365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3151365","url":null,"abstract":"The asymmetric timeliness (AT) coefficient as a measure of accounting conservatism has been subject to much debate. We clarify the conditions under which the AT coefficient identifies accounting conservatism in the presence of skewness. Specifically, using an extensive simulation-based approach, we examine the joint impact of return skewness, earnings skewness, and return endogeneity. We show that skewness of returns and earnings distorts the AT coefficient as a measure of conservatism when returns are endogenous. While earnings skewness is a predicted consequence of conditional conservatism, return skewness is arguably unrelated to conservative reporting and cannot be tackled by simple skew reducing transformations or outlier-robust estimators. Empirically, we analyze AT and skewness of firms sorted on size and MTB, highlighting the importance of constant skewness across groups for accurate comparisons of accounting conservatism.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125320752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New Auditing Reporting Model: The Final Standard ('AS 3101') (Presentation Slides)","authors":"Marianne Ojo D Delaney PhD","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3238939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3238939","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133713367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William M. Cready, Jiapeng He, Wen-Hsiang Lin, Chengdao Shao, Di Wang, Yang Zhang
{"title":"Is There a Confidence Interval for That? A Critical Examination of Null Outcome Reporting in Accounting Research","authors":"William M. Cready, Jiapeng He, Wen-Hsiang Lin, Chengdao Shao, Di Wang, Yang Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3131251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3131251","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates how accounting researchers analyze and report null outcomes based on an examination of recent accounting research publications. As null outcomes reflect failures to provide compelling evidence against a proposed null hypothesis, in and of themselves they have little inferential value. Nevertheless, we find that articles routinely interpret such outcomes in a highly conclusive manner, using terms such as: did not, is no difference, find no effect, equals, no association, etc. We also find little evidence that articles subject the available evidence to further statistical examinations that might provide relevant insights about the studied phenomenon. The analysis also illustrates the use of confidence intervals as a useful approach for providing insights about the location, inconsequentiality, and associated estimation precision of studied relations in null outcome settings.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123789784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John C. Fellingham, Haijin Lin, Douglas A. Schroeder
{"title":"Quantum Entropy and Accounting","authors":"John C. Fellingham, Haijin Lin, Douglas A. Schroeder","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3220892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3220892","url":null,"abstract":"In a previous paper we establish the equality between accounting numbers and information in a classical Arrow-Debreu economy. One of the conditions is complete market, that is, there exists an Arrow-Debreu security for every possible state realization. In this paper, we relax this condition and establish the equality between accounting numbers and information by exploring quantum information and measurement mathematics. In the revised domain expanded relationship, von Neumann entropy replaces Shannon entropy to capture the information effect.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134352780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert L. Whited, Quinn T. Swanquist, Jonathan E. Shipman, James R. Moon
{"title":"Out of Control: The (Over)use of Controls in Accounting Research","authors":"Robert L. Whited, Quinn T. Swanquist, Jonathan E. Shipman, James R. Moon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3209571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3209571","url":null,"abstract":"In the absence of random treatment assignment, the selection of appropriate control variables is essential to designing well-specified empirical tests of causal effects. However, the importance of control variables seems underappreciated in accounting research relative to other methodological issues. Despite the frequent reliance on control variables, the accounting literature has limited guidance on how to select them. We evaluate the evolution in use of control variables in accounting research and discuss some of the issues that researchers should consider when choosing control variables. Using simulations, we illustrate that more control is not always better and that some control variables can introduce bias into an otherwise well-specified model. We also demonstrate other issues with control variables including the effects of measurement error and complications associated with fixed effects. Lastly, we provide practical suggestions for future accounting research.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115841180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pitching Research®: A Comprehensive Resource Center Supplement","authors":"R. Faff","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3018939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3018939","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper I provide details on an extensive resource center to support Faff’s (2015, 2018a) pitching template framework – a framework that provides a succinct and methodical approach to pitching a new research proposal to an academic expert. Specifically, I give a comprehensive update and latest information (including numerous actionable hyperlinks), most notably, relating to: (a) an e-library of 248 worked pitching template examples; (b) a separate listing of 78 worked examples relevant to finance research topics; (c) a separate listing of 38 worked examples relevant to accounting research topics; (d) the associated webportal, “PitchMyResearch.com” and website “pitchingresearch.com”; (e) a stable of 23 associated SSRN “pitching” papers; (f) doctoral symposia and coursework applications of the pitching research® framework; (g) research grant application of the pitching research® framework; (h) YouTube video resources; (i) publication opportunities, via “pitching research letters”; and (j) research digest initiatives.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131742674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do You See What I See? The Effect of Information Search Behavior on Strategy Evaluation Decision: A Dual-Process Theory Using an Eye-Tracking Study","authors":"Tota Panggabean, Yasheng Chen, Johnny Jermias","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3171308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3171308","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines information search behavior through the lens of dual-process theory. The results of this study provide significant evidence that the sequence of information search behavior is significantly affected by circumstances around the individual while making a decision. In this study, the circumstances are involvement and dissent. Consistent with dual-process theory, these two factors affect information search behavior differently. Using an eye-tracking device to measure information search behavior, we found that individuals who employed a directive search were more likely to rate the new strategy as a success than those who employed a sequential search, albeit the unconvincing results of the new strategy implementation. Also, participants who were involved in the strategy selection process employ directive search while individuals who receive a dissenting opinion employing a sequential search to access a broader range of information. These findings are consistent with the dual-process theory of cognitive processing that predict that individuals tend to quickly operate System 1 process in searching information that is consistent with his/her prior beliefs and incline to make bias decision. When System 2 is engaged, individuals are more sequential in searching information, and System 2 reduces possible bias decision. We contribute to JDM research by introducing a new method to conduct a research on the dual-process theory that directly measures the System 1 and System 2 process.","PeriodicalId":202880,"journal":{"name":"Research Methods & Methodology in Accounting eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129412533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}