{"title":"New peripherally substituted lutetium mono and bis phthalocyanines: Synthesis and comparative photophysical and photochemical properties","authors":"Nagihan Kocaağa, Öznur Dülger Kutlu, A. Erdoğmuş","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619501840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619501840","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the synthesis and characterization of mono-(phthalocyaninato) lutetium(III) (1-Cl and 1-F) [Lu[Formula: see text](AcO)(Pc)] (Pc [Formula: see text] phthalocyaninato, AcO [Formula: see text] acetate) and bis-(phthalocyaninato) lutetium(III) (2-Cl and 2-Br) [Lu[Formula: see text]Pc[Formula: see text]] bearing halogenated (F, Cl and Br) phenoxy–phenoxy groups are described and verified by IR, [Formula: see text]H-NMR, UV-vis and mass spectrometry. Photochemical and photophysical properties of 1-F, 1-Cl 2-Cl and 2-Br in DMSO are also presented. A comparison between photophysical and photochemical parameters of mono and bis derivatives showed that mono phthalocyanines are better photosensitizers than bis phthalocyanines. Photophysical and photochemical properties of phthalocyanines are very useful for photodynamic therapy applications. Singlet oxygen quantum yields [Formula: see text] give an indication of the potential of the complexes as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy applications. The chloro, fluoro, bromo-phenoxy–phenoxy substituted mono-(phthalocyaninato) lutetium(III) complexes (1-Cl and 1-F) gave good singlet oxygen quantum yields (from 0.86 to 0.80) in DMSO. Thus, these complexes show potential as Type II photosensitizers for PDT of cancer.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86291020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frédérique Brégier, J. Godard, Jordan Thiais, Soukaina Bouramtane, Alexia Moulin, Y. Champavier, Alexis Mailleau, V. Chaleix, V. Sol
{"title":"Regioselective reduction of 5-aryl-10,15,20-tris(pyridyl) porphyrin to 5-aryl-10,15,20-tris(pyridyl)dihydroporphyrin (chlorin)","authors":"Frédérique Brégier, J. Godard, Jordan Thiais, Soukaina Bouramtane, Alexia Moulin, Y. Champavier, Alexis Mailleau, V. Chaleix, V. Sol","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619501438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619501438","url":null,"abstract":"Dihydroporphyrins or chlorins differ from porphyrins only by saturation of a peripheral double bond of the macrocycle. However, this small structural difference leads to a significant increase of the absorption band at approximately 650 nm, which makes them very interesting candidates for photodynamic therapy applications. The reduction of porphyrins bearing two, three or four pyridyl substituents with tin(II) chloride has been developed for the synthesis of dihydroporphyrins in yields of 15–73%. The reduction of 5-(aryl)-10,15,20-tris(2 or 4-pyridyl)porphyrin with tin(II) chloride dihydrate demonstrated good regioselectivity. Porphyrins with one meso-aryl bearing one electron-donating group (EDG) gave 5-aryl-10,15,20-tris(2- or 4-pyridyl)-17,18-dihydroporphyrins in 17–72% yield. Porphyrins with one meso-aryl bearing one or more electron-withdrawing groups (EWG) gave 5-aryl-10,15,20-tris(4-pyridyl)-17,18-dihydroporphyrins or 5-aryl-10,15,20-tris(4-pyridyl)-7,8-dihydroporphyrins in 15–21% yield and isobacteriochlorin. We have also proven the possibility of functionalizing these compounds to design new regioisomerically pure photosensitizers.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84054161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"(Hydr)oxo-bridged heme complexes: From structure to reactivity","authors":"M. C. Carrasco, S. Hematian","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619300258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619300258","url":null,"abstract":"Iron–porphyrins ([Formula: see text] hemes) are present throughout the biosphere and perform a wide range of functions, particularly those that involve complex multiple-electron redox processes. Some common heme enzymes involved in these processes include cytochrome P450, heme/copper oxidase or heme/non-heme diiron nitric oxide reductase. Consequently, the (hydr)oxo-bridged heme species have been studied for the important roles that they play in many life processes or for their application for catalysis and preparation of new functional materials. This review encompasses important synthetic, structural and reactivity aspects of the (hydr)oxo-bridged heme constructs that govern their function and application. The properties and reactivity of the bridging (hydr)oxo moieties are directly dictated by the coordination environment of the heme core, the nature and ligation of the second metal center attached to the (hydr)oxo group, the presence or absence of a linker, and the degree of flexibility around that linker within the scaffold. Here, we summarize the structural features of all known (hydr)oxo-bridged heme constructs and use those to categorize and thus, provide a more comprehensive picture of structure–function relationships.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85390573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Witkowski, J. Lüder, I. Bidermane, M. Farronato, G. Prévot, M. Bouvet, C. Puglia, B. Brena
{"title":"Grafting, self-organization and reactivity of double-decker rare-earth phthalocyanine","authors":"N. Witkowski, J. Lüder, I. Bidermane, M. Farronato, G. Prévot, M. Bouvet, C. Puglia, B. Brena","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619501736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619501736","url":null,"abstract":"Unveiling the interplay of semiconducting organic molecules with their environment, such as inorganic materials or atmospheric gas, is the first step to designing hybrid devices with tailored optical, electronic or magnetic properties. The present article focuses on a double-decker lutetium phthalocyanine known as an intrinsic semiconducting molecule, holding a Lu ion in its center, sandwiched between two phthalocyanine rings. Carrying out experimental investigations by means of electron spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction and scanning probe microscopies together with advanced ab initio computations, allows us to unveil how this molecule interacts with weakly or highly reactive surfaces. Our studies reveal that a molecule–surface interaction is evidenced when molecules are deposited on bare silicon or on gold surfaces together with a charge transferred from the substrate to the molecule, affecting to a higher extent the lower ring of the molecule. A new packing of the molecules on gold surfaces is proposed: an eclipse configuration in which molecules are flat and parallel to the surface, even for thick films of several hundreds of nanometers. Surprisingly, a robust tolerance of the double-decker phthalocyanine toward oxygen molecules is demonstrated, leading to weak chemisorption of oxygen below 100 K.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77995541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Sasaki, Jonathan Daniel, S. Marais, J. Verlhac, M. Vaultier*, M. Blanchard‐Desce
{"title":"Soft fluorescent organic nanodots as nanocarriers for porphyrins","authors":"I. Sasaki, Jonathan Daniel, S. Marais, J. Verlhac, M. Vaultier*, M. Blanchard‐Desce","doi":"10.1142/s108842461950158x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s108842461950158x","url":null,"abstract":"Novel fluorescent organic nanoparticles made from citric acid and diethylenetriamine were used as biocompatible and highly water-soluble nanocarriers for hydrophobic tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP). The tetraphenylporphyrin units were covalently attached to the nanoparticles, generating conjugated nanoparticles which retain water solubility and preserve the photophysical properties of monomeric TPP. The conjugated nanoparticles show two distinct fluorescence features: blue emission from the nanoparticle when excited in the near-UV (360 nm) and characteristic far-red emission of the TPP when excited in the visible (Soret band or Q bands). The uptake of the conjugated nanoparticles in live human neuroblastoma cancer cells was evidenced using two-photon microscopy. These experiments demonstrate that the fluorescent organic nanoparticles do act as efficient nanocarriers, allowing cell internalization of hydrophobic porphyrins. These conjugated nanoparticles appear as promising nanotools for theranostic (based on the combination of imaging and monitoring of the nanoparticle fluorescence) and therapeutic (photodynamic therapy by selectively exciting the grafted porphyrin units) modalities.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87709402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Pal, I. Chambrier, A. Cammidge, Ashwani K. Sharma, A. Ray
{"title":"Steady state charge conduction through solution processed liquid crystalline lanthanide bisphthalocyanine films","authors":"C. Pal, I. Chambrier, A. Cammidge, Ashwani K. Sharma, A. Ray","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619501918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619501918","url":null,"abstract":"In-plane electrical characteristics of non-peripherally octyl(C[Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text]- and hexyl(C[Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text]-substituted liquid crystalline (LC) double decker lanthanide bisphthalocyanine (LnPc[Formula: see text] complexes with central metal ions lutetium (Lu), and gadolinium (Gd) have been measured in thin film formulations on interdigitated gold (Au) electrodes for the applied voltage ([Formula: see text] range of [Formula: see text]. The conduction mechanism is found to be Ohmic within the bias of [Formula: see text] while the bulk limited Poole–Frenkel mechanism is responsible for the higher bias. The compounds show individual characteristics depending on the central metal ions, substituent chain lengths and their mesophases. Values of 67.55 [Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and 42.31 [Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] have been obtained for room temperature in-plane Ohmic conductivity of as-deposited octyl lutetium (C[Formula: see text]LuPc[Formula: see text] and hexyl gadolinium (C[Formula: see text]GdPc[Formula: see text] films, respectively while C[Formula: see text]GdPc[Formula: see text] films exhibit nearly two orders of magnitude smaller conductivity. On annealing at 80[Formula: see text]C, Ohmic conductivities of C[Formula: see text]LuPc[Formula: see text] and C[Formula: see text]GdPc[Formula: see text] are found to have increased but the conductivity of C[Formula: see text]GdPc[Formula: see text] decreased by more than one order of magnitude to 1.5 [Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. For physical interpretation of the charge transport behavior of these three molecules, their UV-vis optical absorption spectra in the solution and in as-deposited and annealed solid phases and atomic force microscopy study have been performed. It is believed that both orientation and positional reorganizations are responsible, depending upon the size of the central ion and side chain length.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"100 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91447369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yakushev, A. Averin, Maria V. Sakovich, I. Vatsouro, V. Kovalev, S. Syrbu, O. Koifman, I. Beletskaya
{"title":"Synthesis of the porphyrin-calix[4]arene conjugates via Pd-catalyzed amination and their evaluation as fluorescent chemosensors","authors":"A. Yakushev, A. Averin, Maria V. Sakovich, I. Vatsouro, V. Kovalev, S. Syrbu, O. Koifman, I. Beletskaya","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619501761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619501761","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of the porphyrin-calix[4]arene conjugates was carried out using the Pd(0)-catalyzed amination of Zn(II) meso-(3-bromophenyl)porphyrinate with bis(3-aminopropoxy)substituted calix[4]arenes (in cone and 1,3-alternate conformations). One of the conjugates was demetalated to give free porphyrin base derivative. The investigation of the fluorescence of the conjugates was studied in the presence of 18 metal perchlorates. The zinc porphyrinate derivatives were found to quench fluorescence in the presence of Cu(II), Al(III) and Cr(III) cations as well as on protonation. Metal-free conjugate was shown to act as a molecular probe for Zn(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) cations due to strong and different changes of the emission caused by these metals.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75993522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"40 years with porphyrazines","authors":"O. G. Khelevina, A. Malyasova","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619300246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619300246","url":null,"abstract":"Our laboratory started research on tetraazaporphyrins in the middle of the 1970s. Before our works there was no information in the literature about coordination and ionization properties of these compounds, formation of their metal complexes or their state and behavior in proton-donating and proton-acceptor media. We carried out the first studies of the coordination and acid-base properties of unsubstituted tetraazaporphine [1], its octaphenyl [2] and tetra(tetramethylene)-[3] substituted derivatives. In this micro-review we summarize our works on the peripheral functionalization of unsubstituted porphyrazines and on their acid-base and coordination properties.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77640954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin electropolymerization process","authors":"M. V. Tesakova, S. M. Kuz’min, V. Parfenyuk","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619501657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619501657","url":null,"abstract":"The process of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin electropolymerization has been studied by the quartz crystal microbalance method in different electrodeposition conditions. The films were deposited in two modes: in potentiostatic conditions (at the potential of [Formula: see text]2 V) and in potentiodynamic conditions (CV with the potential scan rate of 20 mV/s). The effect of electrolysis parameters on 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin electropolymerization has been studied by obtaining films in two modes and using two supporting electrolytes: tetrabutylammonium perchlorate or tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate. The biggest film mass gain was observed on a clean electrode surface. At further film deposition on the polyporphyrin-coated electrode, the film mass growth stopped. The electrodeposition effectiveness was somewhat higher in the potentiodynamic conditions, with the formation of a looser film. The nature of the supporting electrolyte did not have a significant effect on the electrodeposition process. A significant contribution to the deposition was made by the electrode material. The film thickness was 25–80 nm. The films possessed [Formula: see text]-type conductivity; and the flat-band potential for poly-H[Formula: see text]T(4-OHPh)P obtained in potentiodynamic conditions was 0.33 V, for poly-H[Formula: see text]T(4-OHPh)P obtained in potentiostatic conditions it was 0.16 V.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83975515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. S. Staden, Ruxandra-Maria Ilie-Mihai, F. Pogacean, S. Pruneanu
{"title":"Graphene-based stochastic sensors for pattern recognition of gastric cancer biomarkers in biological fluids","authors":"R. S. Staden, Ruxandra-Maria Ilie-Mihai, F. Pogacean, S. Pruneanu","doi":"10.1142/s1088424619501293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1088424619501293","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes pattern recognition of gastric cancer biomarkers CEA, CA19-9 and p53 in whole blood and urine samples using a stochastic sensor based on exfoliated graphene (E-NGr) paste modified with protoporphyrin IX. The proposed sensor covered large ranges of concentrations: 1 × 10[Formula: see text]–1 × 10[Formula: see text]g/mL for CEA, 1 × 10[Formula: see text]–1 × 102 U/mL for CA19-9, and 0.2–5.0 [Formula: see text]g/mL for p53. These ranges allowed the determination of the three biomarkers from early to latest stages of gastric cancer. Validation of the pattern recognition of gastric cancer biomarkers was accomplished using biological samples: whole blood and urine.","PeriodicalId":20283,"journal":{"name":"Porphyrin Science by Women","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85841062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}