Plant Breeding最新文献

{"title":"Sources of resistance to witches' broom disease in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.): Progress update and perspectives","authors":"Jocilene dos Santos Pereira, Ariana Silva Santos, Edna Dora Martins Newman Luz, Ronan Xavier Corrêa","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13205","url":null,"abstract":"Sources of resistance are an important control measure for witches' broom disease in cacao. Their identification through quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genetic diversity analysis would assist breeding programs to develop new cultivars with improved resistance traits. We conducted a systematic review that compiles the main advances in the search for resistance to witches' broom disease. The systematic review on Scopus, Springer Link, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science databases followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines using the State of the Art through Systematic Review (StArt) software. We identified genotypes exhibiting the most significant resistance in phenotypic analysis, along with combinations of crosses that are promising for future studies and cultivar development. Data on genetic diversity indicate a wide possibility of benefits from heterozygosis. Genetic mapping and association studies revealed eight QTLs associated with resistance and several candidate genes with known and unknown biological functions. More comprehensive research of the various sources of resistance to witches' broom disease is crucial for the advance of cacao breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of red–blue light ratio on the phenology and morphology of different lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genotypes under a simple and resource‐efficient in‐house speed breeding method based on the application of extended photoperiod","authors":"Mohammed Mitache, Abdelmonim Zeroual, Aziz Baidani, Bouchaib Bencharki, Omar Idrissi","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13206","url":null,"abstract":"In the complex context of rising food demand, natural resources degradation and worsening climate changes impact, food legumes could play an important role in sustainable agriculture and food security. To overcome these challenges, enhanced genetic gain has become a necessity. Speed breeding‐based extended photoperiod is being used to reinforce conventional breeding methods and to speed up the development of adapted varieties. Speed breeding growth chambers and greenhouses' light quality in terms of red–blue ratio is among important factors that need to be optimized to enhance the efficiency of this technique to accelerate plant growth and development while limiting plant stress. We have compared the effect of different light ratios of 5:3 red–blue, 3:5 red–blue and 4:4 white–white on phenological and morphological characteristics of three lentil and chickpea genotypes grown in a speed breeding‐based extended photoperiod growth chamber with 22 h light/2 h dark. The 5:3 red–blue light ratio increased plant height and reduced flowering time for the three tested lentil varieties with 36, 41 and 40 days after sowing, respectively, as well as for the three tested chickpea varieties with 42, 38 and 24 days after sowing, respectively. While the 3:5 red–blue ratio increased leaves and secondary stem growth for lentil; leaves and secondary stem growth, green canopy cover and seedling vigour for chickpea. Less vegetative growth and later flowering were observed under white light. Higher red–blue light ratio of 5:3 accelerated lentil and chickpea vegetative growth and flowering, making it more optimal for speed breeding‐based extended photoperiod. It should be pointed out that the suggested home‐designed and built protocol is cost‐effective and easy to implement especially in small‐scale breeding programmes in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"184 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141742193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating effectiveness of clonal plant selection of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) in mixtures: Mean performance and stability in a multi‐environment trial","authors":"Surendra Bhattarai, Hu Wang, Hari P. Poudel, Bill Biligetu","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13194","url":null,"abstract":"Alfalfa (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Medicago sativa</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> L.) ‐ grass or alfalfa ‐ sainfoin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Onobrychis viciifolia</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> Scop.) mixtures are commonly used for pastures in western Canada because of their high forage quality and their low risk of causing frothy bloat in grazing animals. However, the proportion of these two legumes declines in mixed forage stands over time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of selecting superior genotypes from clonally propagated alfalfa or sainfoin under plant competition in different growth environments. For this study, around 100 genotypes of each legume were cloned and transplanted into meadow bromegrass (<jats:italic>Bromus riparius</jats:italic> Relm.) or alfalfa swards at Saskatoon, SK and Lethbridge, AB, Canada in 2017. Genotype‐environment (G x E) interactions of alfalfa and sainfoin genotypes were analysed by an additive main‐effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. Significant variations in plant height, spring vigour and total dry matter yield (TDM) were observed for both species. Among the measured traits, plant height was a more highly heritable trait (H<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = .16 for alfalfa and H<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = .18 for sainfoin), while TDM was the least heritable (H<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = .08 for alfalfa and H<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = .04 for sainfoin). In the AMMI Analysis of variance for TDM, the genotype explained &lt;12% of the variation for both species, suggesting a direct selection of yield would result in a low genetic gain. The biplot mean performance (Y) x weighted average of absolute scores from the singular value decomposition of the matrix of BLUPs stability index (WAASB) identified several promising genotypes with superior performance and stability across different environments that were selected for producing synthetic lines. However, the synthetic lines of both alfalfa and sainfoin did not consistently exhibit superior performance in mixtures compared to their respective check cultivars.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141742198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic adaptation of phenological stages in Chinese and European elite soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) across latitudes in Central Europe","authors":"Xindong Yao, Martin Pachner, Leopold Rittler, Volker Hahn, Willmar Leiser, Christine Riedel, Raluca Rezi, Claude‐Alain Bétrix, Jerzy Nawracała, Inna Temchenko, Vuk Đorđević, Li‐Juan Qiu, Johann Vollmann","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13197","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic adaptation of soybean phenological stages to high‐latitude long‐day environments is the major pre‐requisite for enhancing regional plant‐based protein production. Both <jats:italic>E</jats:italic>‐genes controlling flowering and growing environment determine timing of flowering and maturity, and <jats:italic>E</jats:italic>‐gene composition might differ between Chinese and European soybeans bearing the potential for improving adaptability. Therefore, 140 early maturity elite soybean cultivars of either Chinese or European origin were genotyped for the <jats:italic>E1</jats:italic> to <jats:italic>E4</jats:italic> flowering loci, and genotypes were tested across 17 European environments spanning a latitude range from 45 to 52°N in order to determine effects of various <jats:italic>E</jats:italic>‐allele combinations. Differences in <jats:italic>E</jats:italic>‐allele composition between Chinese and European cultivars were largest for the loci <jats:italic>E1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E3</jats:italic>. Wild‐type alleles significantly delayed flowering, and effects of particular <jats:italic>E</jats:italic>‐alleles were depending on geographic latitude. Consequently, photoperiod‐insensitive <jats:italic>E</jats:italic>‐haplotypes carrying several non‐functional alleles proved to be suitable for cultivation in higher latitudes, whereas photoperiod‐sensitive late‐maturity <jats:italic>E</jats:italic>‐haplotypes are adapted to lower latitudes only. Thus, breeding for new <jats:italic>E</jats:italic>‐haplotypes through combining Chinese and European alleles could enhance the potential for further soybean adaptation to northern growing regions.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141572721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction and validation of putative candidate genes underlying drought‐tolerant QTLs through in silico and RT‐PCR approaches in rice (Oryza sativa)","authors":"Priyanka Veerala, Pooran Chand, Tapas Ranjan Das, Lokesh Kumar Gangwar","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13200","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the aim was to predict and validate putative candidate genes underlying drought‐tolerant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in rice crop using in silico approaches and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The genes underlying major drought‐tolerant QTLs which have been reported by data mining, sequence variation, gene ontology analysis, quantitative traits gene finder and gene expression analysis were subjected to RiceVarmap software to design primers, and only a few variants gave the SNP/InDel primers; thus, finally, 15 primers were ultimately selected, which were used in identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among contrasting rice genotypes IR 64 and N 22 for drought tolerance trait using quantitative RT‐PCR studies by providing drought stress treatment during panicle initiation stage. In this investigation, we predicted 11 genes as candidate genes underlying drought‐tolerant QTLs. Out of these, only four QTLs were found responsible for the major effect in drought tolerance regions such as QTL‐Qsn‐4b, QTL‐rn7a, QTL‐Qtgw‐2a and QTL‐phc4.1 and 11 prioritized candidates were identified that expressed in leaf tissues. Only four primers belong to two QTLs, primer vg0712623096 from QTL‐rn7a (LOC_Os07g22450) located on chromosome‐7 encoding NAC domain‐containing protein and the primers vg0431750843(LOC_Os04g53310) encoding soluble starch synthase 3‐ chloroplast precursor, vg0432626757 (LOC_Os04g54850) encoding pectin acetylesterase domain‐containing protein and vg0433031562 (LOC_Os04g55520) encoding AP2 domain‐containing protein, from QTL‐Qsn‐4b, located on chromosome‐4 found to have higher differential expression in N 22 in comparison with IR 64 during drought stress as per quantitative RT‐PCR 2<jats:sup>–ΔΔCt</jats:sup> values. Considering the overall study, these four primers/genes were identified as candidate genes underlying genomic regions governing drought tolerance. Therefore, these putative candidate genes could be focussed for further functional analysis to exploit in rice breeding.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141518568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and evaluation of novel male sterile and self‐incompatible mutant lines of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)","authors":"P. M. Rahevar, R. M. Chauhan, P. T. Patel, M. P. Patel, H. S. Bhadauria, S. D. Solanki, Y. A. Viradiya, R. A. Gami, S. J. Vaghela","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13199","url":null,"abstract":"Heterosis has long been harnessed in crop production, and while crop fertility lays the groundwork for leveraging heterosis, there remains a dearth of comprehensive data regarding genic male sterility in mungbean. Mungbean (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Vigna radiata</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> (L.) Wilczek), being a self‐pollinating crop, exhibits significant hybrid vigour in F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> hybrid seed yield, suggesting the potential for developing hybrid varieties to propel mungbean yield beyond existing plateaus. A new male sterile mutant was induced, isolated, stabilized and evaluated, via gamma irradiation at a rate of 600 Gy, identified in the M<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> generation of the GM 4 accession. A uniform male sterile line was crossbred with the wild‐type parental plant to explore the inheritance pattern of male sterility. Pollen sterility was validated through the acetocarmine test, while stigma viability was ascertained using the hydrogen peroxide. While all F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> plants displayed fertile flowers, the F<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> generation showed a clear 3:1 segregation ratio for fertile to male sterile plants, indicating the control of male sterility by a single recessive gene, <jats:italic>mms</jats:italic>. Also, a novel existence of a truncated stigma nestled within the anther column inhibits the effective reception of pollen during anthesis, offering potential in reducing emasculation time by a slight cut on the flower bud and enhancing cross pollination during hybrid seed production. The isolation of these two mutants is poised to significantly advance the global mungbean hybrid breeding programme.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of indica‐type DEP1 mutant allele for rice (Oryza sativa) yield improvement and development of allele‐specific co‐dominant marker","authors":"Poulomi Sen, Shampa Purkaystha, Somnath Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13195","url":null,"abstract":"Erect panicles with enhanced grain numbers can rationally utilize solar energy for dry matter accumulation. Only in <jats:italic>japonica</jats:italic> cultivars an inactive natural nonsense mutant allele of <jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic> has been reported to pleiotropically improve panicle architecture, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen and dry matter translocation and strength of the stem. Genomic sequence comparison of <jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic> in <jats:italic>indica</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>aus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>aromatic</jats:italic> genotypes of West Bengal led to the identification of four natural allelic variants based on three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on intron 1, two SNPs on exon 5 and two deletions on intron 2. Among them, a yield favourable missense mutant allele of <jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic> with two amino acid substitutions from Patnai 23 has been identified, and an allele‐specific co‐dominant marker based on the SNP (A/G) at 333rd position of exon 5 was designed. Assessment of <jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic>Patnai 23 allele for yield improvement was examined in RILs and NILs developed from Patnai23 × N22 as N22 carries wild‐type allele. The relative abundance of <jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic> transcript in young panicles was twice as high in Patnai 23 than in N22. RIL‐<jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic>Patnai 23 and NIL‐<jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic>Patnai 23 showed enhanced grain number per panicle and total yield per plant compared to RIL‐<jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic>N22 and NIL‐<jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic>N22 allele. This newly identified <jats:italic>DEP1</jats:italic> allele and marker will accelerate MAS to improve rice yield precisely.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of drought tolerant inbred lines and assessment of combining ability in maize (Zea mays L.)","authors":"D. S. Shailaja, Hirenallur Chandappa Lohithaswa, M. S. Sowmya, Mallana Gowdra Mallikarjuna, Santhoshkumari Banakara, T. R. Likhithashree, R. Kirankumar, G. Basanagouda, Nagesh Patne, B. S. Vivek","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13183","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is an important agricultural crop ensuring food and nutritional security throughout the globe. It is highly sensitive to many of the biotic and abiotic stresses, and among them, drought is the most severe abiotic stress limiting maize production. Climate change tends to worsen this scenario by changing precipitation patterns and decreasing water availability. Hence, the present study was undertaken to identify drought‐tolerant inbred lines under well‐irrigated and managed stress conditions in the field toward developing drought‐resilient maize hybrids. The initial in vitro screening of 65 agronomically elite maize inbred lines was undertaken at 15%, 20%, and 25% polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations. Subsequently, the 15 inbreds selected for their promising performance under varying concentrations of PEG were evaluated in the pot (100%, 60%, and 40% of field capacity [FC]) and managed field experiments (moisture stress). Various physiological, biochemical, and yield attributing traits were measured among the inbreds to assess their drought tolerance potential. The analysis of variance in the pot and field experiments indicated significant genotypic differences among the inbreds and genotype × treatment interaction for different traits considered. In the pot experiment, the phenotypic correlation analysis showed a significant positive association of shoot fresh weight with plant height (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = .71), number of leaves (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = .58), relative water content (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = .60), root fresh weight (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = .58), shoot dry weight (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = .60), and SPAD meter readings under (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = .71) moisture stress condition. In the field experiment, the grain yield had a significant positive association with plant height, relative water content, SPAD before stress, ear length, ear girth, kernel rows per ear, kernels per row, and per day productivity under stress. Proline accumulation in inbreds during stress was found to be higher compared to nonstress conditions. The inbred lines CML 505, CML 444, CML 451, CML 504, QM 11408, and MAI 214 were promising for most of the drought tolerance imparting traits. These six inbreds along with four inbreds having low DRI (SKV 50, MAI E2‐163, MAI 16, and MAI E2‐241) were crossed in half diallel manner, and crosses involving low × high or high × low DRI inbreds showed higher grain yield. The current study also revealed the need of combining various physiological and yield attributing traits in drought breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotyping methodologies of log end splitting in eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.)","authors":"Luis Carlos da Silva Soares, Jorcélio Cabral Moreira, Gustavo Pucci Botega, Vinicius Quintão Carneiro, Bruno Oliveira Lafetá, Izabel Cristina Rodrigues de Figueiredo, Flávia Maria Avelar Gonçalves","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13177","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the crucial consideration of log end splitting in breeding programmes for treated wood. There is a paucity of research focused on efficiently optimizing the phenotyping process for this particular trait. The study aimed to compare methodologies for log end splitting phenotyping and develop an image‐based crack evaluation approach. Initially, 32 eucalyptus clones underwent phenotyping using manual measurement, digital image analysis and visual evaluation. Results showed similar phenotypic values, but image analysis demonstrated better clone discrimination, reducing evaluation time to 78 h compared to manual measurement. The second part focused on testing convolutional neural network architectures (UNet, LinkNet and FPN) using real and synthetic images. U‐Net exhibited slight superiority based on higher Intersection over Union (IoU) values, exhibiting a high correlation (.89) with true values. This approach significantly reduced evaluation time to approximately 10.15 h, emphasizing its efficiency compared to traditional methods.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140926239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormalities in juvenile‐to‐adult transition are associated with hybrid weakness in chili pepper (Capsicum)","authors":"Kumpei Shiragaki, Shuji Yokoi, Takahiro Tezuka","doi":"10.1111/pbr.13174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbr.13174","url":null,"abstract":"Weakness was observed in the F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> hybrids of crosses between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Capsicum annuum</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> × <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Capsicum chinense</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>C. annuum</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> × <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Capsicum frutescens</jats:italic></jats:styled-content>. This phenomenon is morphologically characterized by the cessation of new leaf development approximately 30 days after germination (DAG). We wondered why this phenomenon appeared in the middle of growth and studied the relationship between <jats:italic>Capsicum</jats:italic> hybrid weakness and the juvenile‐to‐adult (JA) phase transition. Traits that changed during the early vegetative phase in both parents were the petiole/leaf length ratio, number of leaf lateral veins and stomata, colour of epidermal cells in leaves stained with toluidine blue and expression of <jats:italic>miR156</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>miR172</jats:italic>. Based on the changes observed during the early vegetative phase, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>C. annuum</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>C. chinense</jats:italic></jats:styled-content> were transferred to the adult phase 28 DAG. However, the F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> hybrids did not show characteristics of the adult phase at any time point. Furthermore, the phenotypes of hybrid weakness were observed at approximately 35 DAG, when F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> hybrids were presumed to reach the JA transition phase. It has been suggested that the JA transition is involved in <jats:italic>Capsicum</jats:italic> hybrid weakness.","PeriodicalId":20228,"journal":{"name":"Plant Breeding","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}