Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine secretion mediated by quercetin-modulated TRPA1 activity in RIN-14B cells.","authors":"Miyu Sugimoto, Toshio Ohta, Kenji Takahashi","doi":"10.1159/pha/aejag007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/pha/aejag007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quercetin, a dietary flavonoid, contributes to bowel regulation and anti-inflammatory effects. Enterochromaffin (EC) cells express transient receptor potential ankyrin1 (TRPA1) and significantly contribute to gastrointestinal motility and secretion via 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) release. A recent study reported that flavonoids, including quercetin, activate heterogeneously expressed TRPA1. We here evaluated the effects of quercetin and its analogs (kaempferol and galangin) on TRPA1 channels using RIN-14B, an EC model cell line. To elucidate the function of these flavonoids, intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured, and 5-HT release from RIN-14B cells was analyzed. Quercetin- and kaempferol-induced [Ca2+]i increases, which were abolished by extracellular Ca2+ removal. The [Ca2+]i responses to quercetin and kaempferol were partially suppressed by TRPA1 antagonists and nearly completely abolished by L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ (Cav) channel inhibitors. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the expression of both TRPA1 and L-type Cav channels in RIN-14B cells. Quercetin- and kaempferol-induced 5-HT release from RIN-14B cells was inhibited by TRPA1 antagonists and L-type Cav channel inhibitors. Along with the activation effects, flavonoids inhibited the [Ca2+]i responses to TRPA1 agonists, with the inhibitory potency ranking as follows: quercetin, kaempferol, and galangin. Moreover, these flavonoids demonstrated inhibitory effects on heterogeneously expressed TRPA1. Furthermore, flavonoids inhibited TRPA1 agonist-induced 5-HT release from RIN-14B cells. These results suggest that flavonoids can regulate 5-HT secretion through TRPA1 and L-type Cav channels. Dietary flavonoids may hold therapeutic potential for gastrointestinal functions and disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological and Therapeutic Insights into Gepotidacin: A First-in-Class Triazaacenaphthylene Antibiotic.","authors":"Alaa Abdelhamid, Ali H Eid","doi":"10.1159/pha/aejag008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/pha/aejag008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance has necessitated the development of new antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action. Gepotidacin is a first-in-class triazaacenaphthylene antibiotic developed for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs) in female adults and adolescents. It inhibits bacterial DNA replication by targeting both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV at a distinct binding site, differing from fluoroquinolones and therefore presenting a novel mechanism of action. However, resistance-associated mutations affecting susceptibility have been documented, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate predictable, dose-dependent oral absorption suitable for twice- or thrice-daily dosing, with minimal accumulation and comparable profiles across populations. In terms of therapeutic success for the treatment of uUTIs, phase III clinical trials (EAGLE-2 and EAGLE-3) have demonstrated that gepotidacin was non‑inferior to the broad-spectrum antibiotic nitrofurantoin in EAGLE-2 and even superior to nitrofurantoin in EAGLE-3, with a tolerability profile comparable to other antibiotics of its class. Studies also suggest potential efficacy against uncomplicated gonorrhea (GC), including strains resistant to current therapies. Adverse events were generally mild to moderate, predominantly gastrointestinal, and caution is advised in patients with QT prolongation risk. While gepotidacin represents an important addition to the limited pool of oral antibiotics for these infections, its long-term clinical utility will depend on careful stewardship, resistance surveillance, and further evaluation in broader indications and combination regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Perfusates for Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion: A Pharmaceutic Perspective on Formulations, Functions, and Future Innovations.","authors":"Chenyue Wang, Jiaqi Wang, Tuoyu Huang, Bentong Yu, Guowen Zou","doi":"10.1159/pha/aejag006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/pha/aejag006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is now an established normothermic machine-perfusion strategy in lung transplantation, primarily enabling structured donor lung assessment, short-term preservation, and selective rehabilitation outside the recipient. Because the supply of transplantable lungs remains limited, clinically implemented EVLP protocols have increased donor-lung utilization by allowing transplant teams to evaluate marginal grafts under near-physiological ventilation and perfusion rather than relying exclusively on static cold storage. The perfusate is central to this process because it stabilizes colloid osmotic pressure, electrolytes, buffering capacity, metabolic substrates, and oxygen transport according to protocol requirements. This review critically summarizes the development of EVLP perfusates and separates clinically validated roles from experimental repair strategies. We first distinguish EVLP perfusates from cold preservation solutions and compare acellular, red blood cell-containing, and whole-blood approaches with attention to their physiological rationale, logistical constraints, and level of evidence. We then discuss protocol-specific additives, including anti-inflammatory agents, antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticoagulants, hormones, nutritional substrates, and cellular or gene-based therapies. Emerging interventions such as polymerized hemoglobin, cytokine adsorption, mesenchymal stromal cell-derived products, CRISPR-Cas-mediated interleukin-10 modulation, and prolonged or intermittent EVLP illustrate the expanding therapeutic potential of the platform. However, most of these strategies remain preclinical or early translational. Future perfusate development should therefore prioritize standardized outcome measures, evidence-based component selection, and careful separation of organ preservation, organ assessment, and organ rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apigenin and Hypertension: A Review of Natural Sources, Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Evidence.","authors":"Mohammed Ajebli, Morad Hebi, Driss Ousaaid, Mourad Akdad, Zakariae Mankour, Tarik Khouya, Badreddine Moukafih, Abdeslam El Kartouti, Mohamed Eddouks","doi":"10.1159/pha/aejag005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/pha/aejag005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This review aimed to synthesize recent evidence on the pharmacological effects of APG in the management of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pharmacokinetic studies reveal that APG exhibits poor oral bioavailability due to low solubility and extensive metabolism yet demonstrates wide tissue distribution and neuroprotective potential. It interacts with drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters, influencing the pharmacokinetics of co-administered agents while maintaining a favorable safety profile at dietary levels. Preclinical evidence shows that APG lowers blood pressure by promoting vasodilation through TRPV4/NO pathways, attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, and regulating genetic signaling to prevent vascular and cardiac remodeling. Toxicity studies confirm safety up to 5000 mg/kg, while additional findings highlight its beneficial modulation of gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>APG emerges as a promising supplementary compound for hypertension management, combining vascular, molecular, and microbiome-mediated mechanisms with a strong safety margin.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of infarct-reducing properties of ß1 -, ß2 -, and ß3 -adrenergicreceptor ligands in ischemia and reperfusion of the heart.","authors":"NIkita S Voronkov, Leonid N Maslov, Natalia V Naryzhnaya, Alexander V Mukhomedzyanov","doi":"10.1159/pha/aejag004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/pha/aejag004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock can reach 50%. This is because there are currently no drugs approved for clinical use that can radically reduce infarction size and prevent the development of cardiogenic shock. β- Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) ligands could become such drugs. This article presents a comparative study of the cardioprotective properties of β-AR ligands in ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) of the heart.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was performed in male Wistar rats. Coronary artery occlusion (CAO, 45 min) and reperfusion (120 min) were carried out in anesthetized animals. Fifteen minutes before CAO the following β-AR ligands were injected intravenously: the selective β 1 -AR antagonist atenolol, β 1 - and β 2 -AR antagonist sotalol, β 1 -, β 2 -, and β 3 -AR antagonist bupranolol, selective β 2 -AR antagonist ICI-118,551, selective β 3 -AR antagonist L- 748,337, and selective β 2 -AR agonist formoterol. It was evaluated the infarct size/area at risk (IS/AAR) ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sotalol, bupranolol, atenolol, ICI-118,551, and L-748,337 decreased heart rate. Formoterol increased heart rate. Atenolol only reduced the IS/AAR ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>β 1 -AR blockade increases cardiac tolerance to I/R in vivo. β 2 -AR blockade and β 2 - AR stimulation do not affect cardiac resistance to I/R in vivo. β 3 -AR blockade does not affect cardiac resistance to I/R in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Evidence in Respiratory and Urinary Tract Infections: Focus on Ceftibuten.","authors":"Gabriele Cortellini, Marzia Del Re, Eduardo Ponticiello, Matteo Bassetti","doi":"10.1159/pha/aejag003","DOIUrl":"10.1159/pha/aejag003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most pressing global health problems, resulting from the misuse and overuse of antibiotics across various sectors, which has led to the emergence and spread of resistant microorganisms. AMR occurs when microorganisms no longer respond to antibiotics. In Italy alone, AMR is responsible for over 10,000 deaths each year, exceeding 40% of all AMR, attributable deaths in the EU/EEA. This alarming trend highlights the urgent need to preserve effective treatment options and to re-evaluate the role of well-established oral antibiotics with a favourable pharmacological and microbiological profile.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Ceftibuten is an oral third-generation cephalosporin with potent activity against many Gram-negative and some Gram-positive pathogens, including several Gram-negative pathogens. It is approved for the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections (UTIs), both uncomplicated and complicated, in adults as well as in children. This review discusses clinical and pharmacological data supporting ceftibuten's efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and microbiological spectrum. Moreover, the paper discusses its potential role in contemporary clinical practice, especially considering recent supply interruptions and increasing resistance patterns.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Ceftibuten represents an oral treatment option for respiratory and UTIs, particularly where resistance to other agents limits therapeutic choices. Its favourable pharmacokinetic profile, safety both in paediatric and adult populations, and efficacy against key resistant pathogens support. use within approved indications. Finally, this antibiotic offers a favourable safety profile for both patients allergic to penicillin and cephalosporins, particularly third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins. Ensuring continued access to this antibiotic may contribute to appropriate management of infections in both community and hospital settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13597074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes of Vancomycin-Induced Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis.","authors":"Zhaoquan Wu, Wei Sun, Chunjiang Wang","doi":"10.1159/000552120","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the clinical attributes of vancomycin-induced linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD) to enhance diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of vancomycin-induced LABD cases by reviewing the literature in Chinese and English databases up to July 31, 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 104 patients were identified for the retrospective analysis, with a median age of 70 years (range 29, 92). The median time to onset of LABD was 9 days (range 0.5, 20), with 80.7% of patients presenting symptoms within 2 weeks. The predominant clinical manifestations included blisters (87.1%), vesicles (41.3%), erythema (52.9%), and papules (19.2%), frequently accompanied by pruritus (18.3%). Mucosal involvement was noted in 26.9% of cases. Histopathological examination typically demonstrated inflammatory cell infiltration (79.8%). Direct immunofluorescence assays revealed linear IgA deposition along the basement membrane zone. After stopping vancomycin and receiving treatment, all patients exhibited significant improvement in their skin lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinicians should recognize LABD as a serious but infrequent adverse reaction to vancomycin. Increased vigilance is crucial during the initial 2 weeks of vancomycin treatment, especially in elderly patients over 60 years of age. LABD recovered completely after withdrawal of vancomycin and other treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Open-Label Trial Protocol to Test Menstrual Cycle Effects and Tolerance to Low-Dose Psilocybin in Healthy Menstruating Persons.","authors":"Farheen Mustak Kothiwala, Robin J Murphy, Malak Alshakhouri, Hannah M Douglass, William James Evans, Tom Paterson, Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, Rachael L Sumner","doi":"10.1159/pha/aejag002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/pha/aejag002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, is becoming increasingly popular. Unfortunately, most psychedelic research overlooks the menstrual cycle as a biological variable, raising concerns about the safety and efficacy of findings for individuals who menstruate. Given the established effects of estradiol and progesterone (and metabolites) on serotonin receptor density and function, it is plausible that the subjective experience, efficacy, and side effect profile of psychedelics may vary significantly across the different phases of the menstrual cycle. Furthermore, the tolerance effects of psilocybin when taken on consecutive days are unknown.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The PsiMenis trial will comprises two sub-studies: PsiMen-M, which will assess the potential for the menstrual cycle to affect the response to low-dose psilocybin in healthy menstruating persons, and PsiMen-T, which will test for potential tolerance effects.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Psilocybin (5 mg) will be administered during different menstrual cycle phases in 21 healthy participants for PsiMen-M, and 12 for PsiMen-T. Effects on subjective experience, brain/cognitive function, and pharmacokinetics will be measured by the Drug Effects Questionnaire, exploratory task-based electroencephalography (EEG), and blood plasma sampling. Safety and any clinically significant modifications of psilocybin will be monitored by laboratory and vital signs tests. Tolerance to psilocybin will be assessed by administering the drug for three consecutive days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/significance: </strong>This study will determine whether low-dose psilocybin effects vary across the menstrual cycle, addressing a key gap in psychedelic research. Findings may inform the development of serotonergic treatments for menstrual-cycle-related mood disorders and improve the design of future psychedelic trials by accounting for hormonal fluctuations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Cardiomyocyte Senescence Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Inhibiting the MDH2/NF-κB Pathway.","authors":"Gang Liu, Xiaoxuan Du","doi":"10.1159/pha/aejag001","DOIUrl":"10.1159/pha/aejag001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury represents a key contributor to cardiac dysfunction and is associated with cardiomyocyte senescence. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) exhibits significant myocardial protective effects, but its molecular mechanisms in alleviating I/R-induced cardiomyocyte senescence remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, an I/R injury model was established in C57BL/6 mice. An in vitro injury model of H9C2 cardiomyocytes was constructed using the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation method to evaluate the effects of Dex on senescence in myocardial tissue and cardiomyocytes. Histopathological changes were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining, while cellular senescence was evaluated through senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. The levels of myocardial infarction-related factors were detected by ELISA. The expression of senescence-related markers (p27, p21, and p16) was measured by qRT-PCR and WB, and apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Cell viability, proliferation, and oxidative stress (OS) levels were assessed by CCK-8, EDU, and DCFH-DA probes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that Dex alleviated I/R-induced myocardial histopathological damage, improved cardiomyocyte viability and proliferation, reduced OS, and suppressed cellular senescence. Mechanistic studies revealed that Dex inhibited activation of the NF-κB pathway by downregulating malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2), thereby attenuating cardiomyocyte senescence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dex significantly mitigates I/R injury-driving cardiomyocyte senescence by blocking the MDH2/NF-κB signaling, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148679365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Co-Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Autophagy for Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Shuxin Zheng, Huaqian Dou, Xiao Feng Zhang, Renshan Chen, Yunjing Wang, Anran Zheng, Liangyan Lu, Muhammad Rafiq, Qing Xiao, Xiuhui Chen","doi":"10.1159/000549572","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global public health challenge. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to CVD pathogenesis, while autophagy mitigates the condition by eliminating harmful metabolites.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Furthermore, NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy co-regulate CVDs by enhancing autophagic processes, inhibiting inflammasome activity, and reducing inflammatory responses, thus playing a pivotal role in the disease's pathophysiology. Certain pharmacological agents have been shown to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activity by promoting autophagy, thereby ameliorating disease pathology.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>This review underscores the pivotal roles of NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy in CVDs and examines the regulatory effects of specific drugs on these processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20209,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}