Plant Root最新文献_第8页

Enhancement of nitrogen uptake in oat by cutting hairy vetch grown as an associated crop 刈割叶茅对燕麦氮素吸收的促进作用

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.83

Arata Tarui, A. Matsumura, Sohei Asakura, K. Yamawaki, Rintaro Hattori, H. Daimon

{"title":"Enhancement of nitrogen uptake in oat by cutting hairy vetch grown as an associated crop","authors":"Arata Tarui, A. Matsumura, Sohei Asakura, K. Yamawaki, Rintaro Hattori, H. Daimon","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.83","url":null,"abstract":"Legume-grass mixed cropping has significant advantages that affect crop yield and soil resources. Generally, grasses grown with legumes take up more nitrogen than those grown under sole cropping. We focused on the effect of cutting hairy vetch during a vigorous growth stage on N uptake in oat under mixed cropping. We evaluated the amounts of N transferred from hairy vetch to oat by using a 15 N dilution method. Cutting hairy vetch increased the number of tillers and dry weight of oat, but total N content was not significantly higher than that under mixed cropping without cutting. In contrast, the amount of N transferred to oat was increased by cutting. Estimated amounts of N transferred to oat were 2.7 g m -2 with cutting of hairy vetch and 0.8 g m -2 without cutting. Cutting half of the oats under sole cropping did not indicate the transfer of rhizodeposited N in oat to the residual plants. In addition, cutting hairy vetch increased the amounts of accumulated solar radiation in the middle canopy of the mixed cropping plots. Therefore, in a hairy vetch and oat mixed cropping system, cutting of the hairy vetch might enhance growth of oat due to the transfer of N from hairy vetch and the reduction of light interception to the oat canopy. N fertility enhancement of the soil by cutting of the legume would be valuable for low-input crop production.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"7 1","pages":"83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Intact roots promote shoot regeneration from hypocotyl independent of exogenous plant growth regulators in eggplant in vitro 完整根系促进茄子下胚轴再生，不依赖外源植物生长调节剂

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.5

Hideyuki Tanaka, M. Johkan, K. Mitsukuri, T. Tezuka, H. Furukawa, M. Oda

{"title":"Intact roots promote shoot regeneration from hypocotyl independent of exogenous plant growth regulators in eggplant in vitro","authors":"Hideyuki Tanaka, M. Johkan, K. Mitsukuri, T. Tezuka, H. Furukawa, M. Oda","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.5","url":null,"abstract":"Eggplant (Solanum melongena) seedlings cultured in vitro were excised at the center of the hypocotyl to generate decapitated seedlings with intact roots. This modification of the complete decapitation method (CDM) developed in vivo by Harada et al. (2005) allowed in vitro culture (CDM in vitro; CDMi). As controls, rootless hypocotyl segment explants (approximately 1 cm) and cotyledon explants were cultured on media supplemented with 4.4 µM 6-benzyladenin (BA) and 0.2 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), respectively. Cotyledon explants had formed calli 2 weeks after excision but did not develop adventitious buds, despite the use of optimal conditions reported previously for a different eggplant cultivar. Calli formed at the cut ends of hypocotyls 1 week after excision in both CDMi and hypocotyl cultures, and adventitious buds regenerated 1 week earlier in CDMi. Six weeks after excision, CDMi yielded 11.4 adventitious buds per explant, but only 4.1 formed in hypocotyl culture. Moreover, shoots longer than 1 cm developed 2 weeks earlier in CDMi than in hypocotyl culture. The number of shoots per explant was 8.1 in CDMi, but only 2.4 in hypocotyl culture 6 weeks after cutting. All shoots that developed were rooted on MS medium in CDMi, but only 71% of shoots formed roots in hypocotyl culture. These results indicate that intact roots are important for explant shoot regeneration and development, and CDMi is a simple and efficient method for obtaining multiple shoots without the need to determine optimal concentrations of plant growth regulators and overcome inhibition of rooting in the obtained shoots.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"7 1","pages":"5-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Interactions of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi and root pathogens in Rhododendron: In vitro tests with plantlets in sterile liquid culture 杜鹃类菌根真菌与根部病原菌的相互作用:无菌液体培养植株的离体试验

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.33

G. Grunewaldt-Stöcker, C. Berg, J. Knopp, H. Alten

{"title":"Interactions of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi and root pathogens in Rhododendron: In vitro tests with plantlets in sterile liquid culture","authors":"G. Grunewaldt-Stöcker, C. Berg, J. Knopp, H. Alten","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.33","url":null,"abstract":"Plant protection against soil-borne diseases has been a challenge in horticultural production of Ericaceae for a long time. We tested the hypothesis that ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ERMF) control root pathogens. Isolates of ERMF previously obtained from Calluna vulgaris and Rhododendron hirsutum were selected based on growth inhibiting activity against Oomycetes in dual agar plate tests. In addition, we assessed their impact on economically important Pythium spec. and Phytophthora cinnamomi in sterile Rhododendron plantlets in a liquid culture system, which is suitable for continuous observations of the infection process. For this purpose, rooted cuttings of micro-propagated Rhododendron plantlets were transferred to a mineral solution and subsequently inoculated with either Oidiodendron maius or the ERMF isolates. Before the root pathogens were applied to the experimental system, the symbioses were established over a four-week period. Mycorrhizal development, pathogen infection sites and development in mycorrhizal plants and non-mycorrhizal control plants were assessed microscopically. The root-colonising intensity of the tested ERMF differed considerably, but each of the applied ERMF impaired external pathogen mycelium and reduced pathogenic infections. A complete reduction was achieved at higher ERMF colonisation levels. The failure of symbiosis formation allowed pathogens to infect and spread. The quantification data concerning mycorrhiza frequencies and extramatrical hyphal nets provided details for a discussion on the suppressive effects of ERMF on the pathogens. The tested ERMF confer at least a localized protection from pathogen attack through suppression prior to infection. It is now to prove, whether these biocontrol effects will also be expressed in pot experiments.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"7 1","pages":"33-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.33","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Comparing root porosity of sunflower adventitious root segments using cross-sectioning and buoyancy method under hypoxic condition 用横切面法和浮力法比较缺氧条件下向日葵不定根的孔隙度

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.12

Shirin Ahmadi, A. Mostajeran, Sanaz Shokrollahi

{"title":"Comparing root porosity of sunflower adventitious root segments using cross-sectioning and buoyancy method under hypoxic condition","authors":"Shirin Ahmadi, A. Mostajeran, Sanaz Shokrollahi","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.12","url":null,"abstract":"Two well-known methods of root porosity measurement (i.e. buoyancy and cross-sectional) were used to evaluate the porosity of adventitious roots of 3-day hypoxia treated sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) cultivars to address the effect of hypoxia on root porosity as well as advantages and disadvantages of each method. In the first experiment, length of adventitious roots of two sunflower cultivars (CMS14 × R-864 and Hysun-33) was divided to three segments as apical, middle, and basal portions and porosity was measured via both methods. In buoyancy method, root porosities of Hysun-33 and CMS14 × R-864 cultivars were 5.12% and 6.47% in aerated and 11.58% and 15.71% in hypoxic condition, respectively. There is no statistically significant difference between cultivars in aerated condition. In contrast, more than twice additional aerenchyma formation was observed due to hypoxic condition in comparison to aerated condition. Results of cross-sectional method showed that middle portion of adventitious roots is the place that aerenchyma initiates to form, but well-developed aerenchyma was seen at about 80-90 mm behind the root apex (basal portion) under hypoxia. The results of root porosity of basal portion of adventitious roots of four sunflower cultivars (CMS14 × R-864, CMS51 × R-14, CMS19 × R-N1-118 and Hysun-33) showed higher amounts of root porosity in buoyancy method in comparison to cross-sectional method.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"7 1","pages":"12-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Different root growth patterns of tomato seedlings grown hydroponically under an electric field 电场条件下水培番茄幼苗根系生长模式的研究

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.28

G. Tataranni, A. Sofo, C. Casucci, A. Scopa

{"title":"Different root growth patterns of tomato seedlings grown hydroponically under an electric field","authors":"G. Tataranni, A. Sofo, C. Casucci, A. Scopa","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.28","url":null,"abstract":"Electric fields can determine changes at morphological and physiological levels in plants. In this study, seedlings of Solanum lycopersicum L., grown hydroponically in a floating system, were exposed to a DC 12.0 V m -1 electric field (EF). Root morphology was strongly affected by the electric field applied and a significant variation in root growth rate was observed along the gradient. The tomato plants grown on the hand of the positive electrode showed a pronounced length, root hairs' development and root branching, compared to the plants grown at the central area of the container and on the hand of the negative electrode. Root growth of the control plants not exposed to the EF resembled that of EF-exposed plants taken in the central area. Hypotheses according to which the different growth patterns observed could be related to a chemiosmotic- induced activity and/or the distribution of plasma membrane carriers are discussed. In conclusion, the root growth was affected by the positions under application of EF. The results point to a possibility of applying electric fields for controlling tomato root growth.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"7 1","pages":"28-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Relationships among distribution of fine roots, soil DOC concentration and Collembola 细根分布、土壤DOC浓度与线虫的关系

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.7.21

Saori Fujii, Akinori Yamada, K. Fukushima, Seikoh Saitoh, K. Kitayama, H. Takeda

引用次数: 4

Screening of candidate genes associated with constitutive aerenchyma formation in adventitious roots of the teosinte Zea nicaraguensis 大刍草尼加拉瓜玉米不定根组成性气孔形成相关候选基因的筛选

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2012-10-16 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.19

T. Abiko, M. Obara, Fumitaka Abe, K. Kawaguchi, A. Oyanagi, Takaki Yamauchi, M. Nakazono

{"title":"Screening of candidate genes associated with constitutive aerenchyma formation in adventitious roots of the teosinte Zea nicaraguensis","authors":"T. Abiko, M. Obara, Fumitaka Abe, K. Kawaguchi, A. Oyanagi, Takaki Yamauchi, M. Nakazono","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.19","url":null,"abstract":"Zea nicaraguensis (teosinte), a wild relative of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays), constitutively forms aerenchyma, which contributes to plant waterlogging tolerance, in the root cortex in drained soil, whereas maize (inbred line Mi29) does not. One with highest logarithm of odds (LOD) among quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control constitutive aerenchyma formation in Z. nicaraguensis is Qaer1.05-6 on chromosome 1. Here, we attempted to identify genes in Qaer1.05-6 by comparing cDNA libraries from Mi29, Z. nicaraguensis and a hybrid (BC4F1 #62) carrying Qaer1.05-6. We first confirmed that constitutive aerenchyma formation was apparently observed in the order Z. nicaraguensis > BC4F1 #62 > Mi29. Contigs were assembled from cDNAs pooled from the three lines. We identified 1,868 contigs in the region on chromosome 1 that contained Qaer1.05-6. These contigs were screened for contigs that were predominantly composed of cDNAs from BC4F1 #62 and Z. nicaraguensis (no more than 10% of cDNAs from Mi29). Twenty-one such contigs were found and the genes they encoded were identified. In a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) analysis, expression of six of these genes in BC4F1 #62 was at least double that in Mi29, making them candidates for genes associated with constitutive aerenchyma formation.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"6 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2012-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.19","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Earthquake and plant root researches 地震与植物根系研究

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.1

I. Karahara

引用次数: 3

Dormancy-induced temporal up-regulation of root activity in calcium translocation to shoot in Populus maximowiczii 休眠诱导的白杨根系钙转运到新梢活性的时间上调

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.10

J. Furukawa, M. Kanazawa, S. Satoh

{"title":"Dormancy-induced temporal up-regulation of root activity in calcium translocation to shoot in Populus maximowiczii","authors":"J. Furukawa, M. Kanazawa, S. Satoh","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.10","url":null,"abstract":"To explore seasonality of root functions, we analyzed the concentrations of 8 minerals in leaves of Populus maximowiczii (Japanese native poplar) by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. These concentrations were used as indices of root mineral translocation activity. In leaves close to the shoot apex, dramatic increases in Ca concentration, and similar but slight increase in Mg and Mn, were observed after the onset of dormancy. Because of the constant concentration of Na, which is not essential for plant growth, the increase of Ca concentration was mainly derived from not by the increase of transpiration rate but by the enhancement of root activity of xylem loading. Leaf Ca concentration in August 2010 was approximately fivefold higher than before dormant bud formation. To investigate the shifts in Ca-translocation activity during dormancy induction, we grew saplings hydroponically under lightand temperaturecontrolled conditions and subsequently analyzed the distribution of Ca absorbed by roots using a Bio-Image Analyzer. In this pulse chase experiment, the enhancement of Ca translocation to the shoot was not observed in early dormancy. This suggested the increase of leaf Ca in early dormancy was caused by the Ca loading into root xylem vessels using the root Ca absorbed before the onset of dormancy. These changes in mineral translocation activities indicate that alterations in Ca distribution are most probably triggered by bud dormancy. Furthermore, several root functions were regulated by the dormancy induction process.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":"6 1","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Comparison of effect of salt stress on the cell death in seminal root and lateral root of rye seedlings by the modified TUNEL method 改良TUNEL法比较盐胁迫对黑麦种子根和侧根细胞死亡的影响

IF 0.6

Plant Root Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.6.5

Atsushi Ogawa, S. Shirado, K. Toyofuku

引用次数: 4