Egyptian Retina Journal最新文献

{"title":"A clinical study of optical coherence tomography and fundus fluorescein angiography findings in central serous chorioretinopathy with co-relation to visual outcome in a tertiary care center of North-East India","authors":"I. Kalita, K. Baishya, H. Singh","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_9_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_9_20","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose is to identify the characteristic findings of central serous chorio-retinopathy (CSCR) on fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a tertiary care center of North-East India and to clinically correlate the final visual outcome with OCT values at the end of 6 months' follow-up. Methodology: A total of 70 cases (77 eyes) of CSCR were taken up for this prospective observational study. Other pathological causes of macular edema were excluded from the study. Visual acuity, OCT, and FFA were done in all cases at day 1 and were followed up till 6 months. OCT was done at each visit. Results: The mean age of the patient was 40 years (range 20–59 years, standard deviation [SD] 11.98). The day 1 mean vision was 0.72 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (log MAR), SD 0.30, P < 0.0001. The final mean vision at 6 months reduced to 0.22 Log MAR (SD = 0.1116 and P < 0.0001). The mean foveal thickness and macular volume (MV) was found to be 467.27 μm (SD 172.11) and 9.86 mm3 (SD 2.52), respectively, at day 1 of presentation, which reduced to 203.92 μm (SD 40.90; P = 0.0156) and 6.71 mm3 (SD 0.71; P = 0.0009, paired t-test) at the end of 6 months. Conclusion: Although the maximum visual recovery was attained at the 3rd month, cases with higher MV and foveal thickness at day 1 had poor final visual acuity. OCT alone can be helpful in determining the final visual outcome and the need for early therapy.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123266682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of success of various techniques of internal limiting membrane peel in the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy with concomitant macular hole","authors":"S. Narnaware, Prashant K. Bawankule, D. Raje","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_7_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_7_20","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To assess the anatomical and functional success in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) ≥ C1 with coexisting macular holes (MHs) using different management strategies. Materials and Methods: It is a prospective, nonrandomized, observational study in 23 eyes of 23 patients (male: female = 15:8) diagnosed with RRD with PVR ≥ C1 with MH. Patients were divided into three groups according to the technique: Group 1: Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peel, Group 2: PPV with ILM peel, and Group 3: PPV with inverted ILM peel technique. Results: The closure of MH was confirmed on SD-OCT. Of the total 23 eyes, 19 patients had attached retina with closed MH during a follow-up period of 6 months. Out of four cases of recurrent retinal detachment (RD), three patients belonged to the no peel group and one to the ILM peel group. In no peel group, two patients had recurrence with re-opening of MH, and out of these two cases, one patient had additional break in the periphery. However, two other cases, each from no peel and ILM peel group, had recurrence due to PVR changes in the periphery. Visual acuity (VA) improvement to LogMar ≤ 1 is seen in 50%, 70%, and 85.7% in the no peel, ILM peel, and inverted flap technique, respectively. Conclusion: The results suggest that ILM flap technique without encirclage band can be effectively applied to the treatment of MH with RD with more severe PVR changes and that the hole closure results in improved postoperative best-corrected VA.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132636007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macular microvaculature evaluation using optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with high myopia","authors":"W. Elsherif, M. Moustafa, H. AttaAllah, Rabei Hassanien","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_12_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_12_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Myopia is one of the common refractive error. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive investigation of microvasculature of the retina. Aim: To evaluate the OCTA study of the FAZ area and vascular density (VD) at superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and choriocapillaris (CC) in myopic patients versus healthy controls and their correlations to axial length (AL), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and spherical equivalent (SE). Setting and Design: Prospective cross-sectional comparative study. Methods and material 75 eyes of 54 patients, group A are 50 eyes with high myopia and group B are 25 eyes of age matched healthy controls. OCTA images were obtained, analyzed and compared using SPSS v.12 in both groups. Results: Foveal thickness was significantly increased in the myopic group (259.7±23.9) P=0.025, while the paravfoveal thickness was decreased (305.9±18.5) P < 0.001. Both superficial and deep FAZ area were increased in group A. The foveal VD at SCP was significantly higher in Group A (30.3±5.2) P=0.006. The whole image DCP VD was significantly lower (44.5±5.4) P < 0.001. Regarding CC, there was a significant difference in both foveal and parafoveal VD (66.1±4.9) (66.5±4.6) P=0.006 and 0.017, respectively, with both being higher in group A. The study also showed the importance of the CD at DCP and CC being negatively correlated with LogMAR BCVA and positively with the SE, while foveal thickness was positively correlated with the AL. Conclusion: OCTA is a valid and fast technique that could give insights about microvascular changes in myopia.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123296100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between visual acuity and diabetic macular ischemia using optical coherence tomography angiography","authors":"L. Louis, Alaa E. Fayed, M. Helal, Ahmed M Habib, Mohammed H. Hashem, S. Embabi","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_8_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_8_19","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Diabetic macular ischemia affects visual function to a variable degree. Aims: This study aims to find whether parameters of ischemia measured on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) correlate with best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was done on 33 eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 11 nondiabetic control eyes. Subjects and Methods: A 3 mm × 3 mm OCTA images of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), intermediate capillary plexus (ICP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and full-thickness retinal slabs were obtained and used to measure foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and circularity index (CI) manually. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical comparison between the diabetic and control groups and correlation with BCVA was calculated. Results: CI was significantly higher in controls in each of the SCP (P > 0.001), ICP (P > 0.05), DCP (P = 0.005), and full retinal thickness (P < 0.05) slabs. Compared to the moderate nonproliferative DR group, the control group had a smaller FAZ (P = 0.04) and higher CI (P = 0.01) in the DCP slab. Neither the FAZ area nor the CI was significantly correlated with BCVA in any of the slabs. Conclusions: OCTA can detect a measurable degree of ischemia in diabetic eyes compared to controls. CI is the most sensitive parameter for this purpose. The DCP shows the earliest affection with increasing grades of DR. FAZ area and CI are not good indicators of VA.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127791574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central serous chorioretinopathy: Recent trends","authors":"Abhishek Das, P. Chheda","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_1_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_1_20","url":null,"abstract":"Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) belongs to pachychoroid spectrum of diseases, and the pathogenesis is still not fully understood. It is associated with multiple systemic factors. It is characterized by the collection of fluid between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the neurosensory retina. It mostly affects young men under perceived stress. The involvement of corticosteroids is undisputed although their exact role has not been clarified; other parts of the underlying mechanism of CSCR have been mainly elucidated by imaging techniques, such as fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography. The course is usually self-limiting and in most cases resolves spontaneously within a 3–6-month period, with visual acuity usually recovering to 20/30 or better. However, chronic CSC may develop as a consequence of recurrences or persistent neurosensory detachment and can result in progressive RPE atrophy and permanent visual loss. We used search terms such as “central serous retinopathy,” “central serous chorioretinopathy,” “CSCR,” “management,” and “treatment” and also the keywords of each type of treatment on PubMed and Medline to retrieve articles for this systematic review.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115058397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitreous tumor necrosis factor-alpha level in patients with wet type of age-related macular degeneration","authors":"Hegan Tawwab, M. Attya, R. El Essawy, M. Zayed","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_10_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_10_19","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of Study: The aim of the study was to compare the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in vitreous samples of naïve wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients and normal individuals, in an attempt to evaluate its role in the disease development. Materials and Methods: A prospective case–controlled study was conducted on 50 eyes –25 naïve wet AMD eyes as “Cases” and 25 eyes without AMD as “Controls.” Vitreous samples were collected by manual aspiration using a 25G needle attached to a 3 ml syringe directed toward the mid-vitreous cavity. The samples were collected, frozen, and stored at − 20°C. The level of TNF-α was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: Vitreous TNF-α level was higher in naive wet AMD patients (4.07 ± 0.93 [2.80–6.60] pg/ml; mean ± standard deviation [minimum–maximum]) than patients without AMD (3.54 ± 0.60 [2.60–5.00] pg/ml; P = 0.019). There was no significant difference in vitreous TNF-α level between different choroidal neovascularization subtypes among studied patients (P = 0.460). Conclusion: The levels of TNF-α were shown to be significantly higher in vitreous samples of patients with naïve wet AMD as compared to normal individuals. These results may shed light on the role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of wet AMD.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115099512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of macular edema caused by leber's miliary aneurysms using intravitreal aflibercept and peripheral laser photocoagulation","authors":"Ahmed M Abdelhadi","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_13_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_13_19","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to determine if intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) is effective in the treatment of macular edema (ME) caused by Leber's miliary aneurysm (LMA), augmented with peripheral laser photocoagulation for the abnormal vessels. Subjects and Methods: This prospective interventional noncomparative case series included 6 eyes of 6 patients with a clinical diagnosis of LMA, based on fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings. Laser photocoagulation was performed to the aneurysms, except those near the fovea. Three to five IVA injections were needed to dry off the macula. Serial color fundus photography and OCT were performed to measure treatment efficacy. Results: After 3–5 IVA, the ME responded marvelously in all patients. One patient had recurrent ME 3 months later, for which an additional 2 IVA was needed. Again one session of ablative laser for diseased vessels was enough for all except for one patient who needed supplemental laser therapy 4 months later. Improved visual acuity was noted in all cases without reported ocular or systemic complications. Conclusion: IVA with peripheral laser ablation appears to be an effective treatment for patients with LMA, as it has the potential to improve final visual acuity.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114872679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting choroidal thickness in normal myopic eyes in Egyptians using swept-source optical coherence tomography","authors":"Esraa Mokhtar, Khaled Abdelazeem, Abdelsalam Abdalla, H. Fahmy","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_16_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_16_18","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To study the influence of age, sex, refractive error, and axial length (AL) on choroidal thickness (CT) in normal myopic eyes, among Egyptian population, using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Patients and Methods: CT was measured by an SS-OCT in 97 eyes of 49 normal myopic volunteers. The subjects were classified according to age, degree of myopia, and AL. Correlation between CT and age, AL, and myopia was done for different groups. AL was measured using IOL Master. OCT measurements were performed using Topcon DRI-1 SS-OCT. CT was automatically calculated and shown as a colored topographic map with nine subfields defined by the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study style grid. Results: CT tends to decrease with advance of age. A negative correlation found between the central subfoveal CT (SFCT) and the age (r = −0.329, P = 0.001, R2 = 0.108). Although there was no significant correlation between CT and degree of myopia (r = 0.159, P = 0.120, R2 = 0.025), CT decreases with increase of myopia except with >−8 D group. CT tends to decrease as the AL increases. A negative correlation found between the central SFCT and AL (r = −0.340, P = 0.001, R2 = 0.115). Conclusions: AL and age have a negative correlation with CT, while the sex and spherical equivalent of refractive error in myopes do not affect CT.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"63 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113954102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography characteristics of active and regressed retinal neovessels secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy before and after panretinal photocoagulation","authors":"I. Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_6_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_6_18","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To describe the changes in the appearance of diabetic neovascularization and vitreoretinal interface before and after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) using high-resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Design: A prospective noncomparative observational case series study was performed on 15 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Patients and Methods: Patients with PDR were scanned using SD-OCT scans directly over the region of the neovessels before and after PRP treatment. Results: The study included 15 treatment-naive eyes with PDR of 11 patients, 8 females and 3 males with a mean age of 54.18 ± 10.9 years (range 29–65 years). The mean best-corrected logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity was 0.68 ± 0.19 (range 0.4–1). One (9.1%) case had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) and 10 (9.1%) cases had noninsulin-dependent diabetes (type 2). Posterior hyaloid was detached and identifiable in pretreatment SD-OCT scans in 11 (73.33% of studied eyes) eyes and not identifiable in 4 (36.67%) eyes. Changes in SD-OCT scan appearance after PRP included progression of posterior hyaloid separation with possible progressive retinal traction and retinoschisis, consolidation of the neovessels, regression of neovessels, or occurrence of preretinal hemorrhage. One case showed no visible change at the vitreoretinal interface. Conclusion: There are changes in the appearance of the diabetic neovessels and the vitreoretinal interface after PRP treatment that could be detected by SD-OCT.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134571260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study between single session pattern short pulse laser and conventional pan-retinal photocoagulation regarding efficacy and macular thickening in patients with diabetic retinopathy","authors":"A. A. Hadi","doi":"10.4103/erj.erj_13_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/erj.erj_13_18","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the effect of pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) using short-pulse laser (SPL) performed in a single session and conventional laser, regardless of the number of spots, in terms of their effect on the progression of diabetic macular edema (DME) and efficacy of regression of signs in patients with proliferative and high-risk nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Methods: A prospective comparative case series was carried out, in which eyes with a similar degree of severe nonPDR or high-risk PDR underwent four-session PRP using a conventional laser in one eye (Group a) and a single session SPL in the other eye (Group b). After the session, colored photographs were taken to show immediate laser reaction. A follow-up visit was scheduled at 6 weeks to detect any complication. Finally, fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography were repeated at 3 months to assess the efficacy of laser treatment and the remeasure the macular thickness. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was remeasured after 12 weeks and compared to the prelaser VA. Results: The 20 patients included had a mean age of 53.4 ± 6.4 years. All patients had hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) ranging from 7.2 to 8.4 with a mean of 7.7 ± 0.5. Before PRP initiation, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups as regards mean age, duration of DM, and mean HBA1c. The mean power of laser was 198.7 ± 13.26 mW and 393.2 ± 17.7 mW (P < 0 0001), the total energy delivered was 49.7 ± 11.4 mJ and 12.1 ± 5.3 mJ (P < 0 0001), and the number of spots were 1784.2 ± 89.7 and 2773.2 ± 159.2 (P < 0 0001) in the Conventional (Conv) group and SPL group, respectively. At the final follow-up visit at 12 weeks, there was no statistically significant difference regarding the mean central macular thickness (P = 0.84) and BCVA (P = 1.0). One eye from each group was diagnosed with persistent diabetic retinopathy activity at 12 weeks, for which intravitreal ranibizumab was given twice, 1 month apart. The FA was repeated 3 months later with the disappearance of signs of activity. Conclusion: The current study revealed that SPL in a single session is as effective as conventional laser-performed in the same patient with a similar degree of DR in both eyes-to cause regression of diabetic retinopathy signs without causing progression of DME. This was achieved with a total number of laser shots approximately 1.5 times the number in the conventional laser-treated eyes.","PeriodicalId":201997,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Retina Journal","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122918269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}