FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Systematic computer analysis of published literature on nutritional support for vaccination","authors":"A. Chuchalin, I. Torshin, O. Gromova","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/FARMAKOEKONOMIKA.2021.096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/FARMAKOEKONOMIKA.2021.096","url":null,"abstract":"A range of 6700 publications from the PubMed database on the association of micronutrient supply and results of antibacterial and antiviral vaccination was reviewed by the method of topologic and metric analysis. This method allows for a selection of features (i.e. key words) by their informativity, the establishment of the most informative that provide the basis for “synthetic” features and algorithms, or the classification of the reviewed text by the relevance to the subject of the study. The results of fundamental studies showed that folates, vitamins A, D, and B12 are the regulators of mitosis of T and B-lymphocytes that exert the functions of the acquired immunity. Such microelements as zinc, iron, selenium, manganese, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid support the functioning of T and B-lymphocytes (energy metabolism, intracellular signal transmission, and transcription). Clinical studies showed that the support of vaccination with the specified micronutrients not only increases the titre of the respective antibodies to viral and bacterial pathogens but can also prevent unfavorable effects from vaccination. The administration of micronutrients before and after vaccination will contribute to a decrease in the mortality rate and severity of the pathology development (in case of disease). A systematic analysis allowed the authors to determine the perspectives of the proposed measures for an increase in the effectiveness and safety of vaccines, including COVID-19. Additional micronutrient supply contributes to an increase in the effectiveness and safety of vaccination. The application of specialized vitamin and mineral complexes during vaccination is economically feasible and reduces the vaccination risks for patients with polyhypoavitaminoses.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133303783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemoreactome screening of pharmaceutical effects on SARS-CoV-2 and human virome to help decide on drug-based COVID-19 therapy","authors":"I. Torshin, O. Gromova, A. Chuchalin, Y. Zhuravlev","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/FARMAKOEKONOMIKA.2021.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/FARMAKOEKONOMIKA.2021.078","url":null,"abstract":"Background. So-called rational drug design is suboptimal when it comes to finding effective and safe drug-based treatment for COVID-19. Another approach seems promising: to reprofile the pharmaceuticals registered in the Anatomical, Therapeutic, and Chemical Classifier (ATC).Material and methods. Chemoreactome screening, a method that simulates the results of inhibiting viral growth in a cell culture, models the effects of pharmaceuticals on the human virome, and estimates the adverse effects of medicines, was used to reprofile about 2700 pharmaceuticals from the ATC. The information technology behind chemoreactome analysis is based on the topological recognition theory advanced by the Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Federal Research Center for Informatics and Control, Russian Academy of Sciences.Results. Sixty two pharmaceuticals and 20 micronutrients were found to have a pronounced antiviral effect with minimal side effects. Comparison against data of basic research and clinical trials showed 31 out of 62 pharmaceuticals to have been independently confirmed usable in COVID-19 treatment. These inhibit coronaviral proteins and/or function as adaptogenic molecules that improve the functioning of cells exposed to viral stress. Glucosamine sulfate was found to have the best safety profile and minimum effects on the healthy human virome out of all the tested anticoronaviral micronutrients.Conclusions. Reprofiling of pharmaceuticals registered in the ATC could significantly speed up the search for more effective and safer drugbased COVID-19 treatments. Several micronutrients show promise for long-term coronavirus prevention, especially in the elderly.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"34 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114006791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the availability and affordability of pharmaceuticals for children in need of palliative care","authors":"D. M. Medvedeva, I. Narkevich, O. D. Nemyatykh","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.094","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to analyze the availability and affordability of pharmaceuticals for children in need of palliative care.Materials and methods. The price, affordability and physical availability of pharmaceuticals for children in need of palliative care were analyzed in accordance with the Health Action International guidelines of the World Health Organization. Linear distribution index (LDI) was calculated to produce the best estimates of availability. Research data was sourced from AlphaRM (as of April 26, 2021) and International Medicine Reference Piece Data. The data array was based on the fiscal data provided by pharmacies. The research was carried out on the total population of pharmacies in the Russian Federation (69,050 pharmacies) and in St. Petersburg (1986 pharmacies).Results. Pharmaceutical price and affordability estimates show that low-priced generics, which cover over 75% of the whole range, have the most optimal median value of the median price ratio (MPR<1) on top of low affordability ratios (AR<1). Ibuprofen, paracetamol, gabapentin, diazepam, morphine, midazolam, and carbamazepine were found to be the least affordable medications, price-wise (MPR>1). Midazolam (AR=2.494), morphine (AR=2.324), and celecoxib (AR=1.373) had low affordability. Notably, prescription-based pharmaceuticals such as diazepam, midazolam, tramadol, morphine, and fentanyl had the lowest physical availability scores (LDI<3%) in the Russian market compared to the relatively high scores of over-the-counter drugs (LDI>60%).Conclusions. The results call for better organizational action in the pharmaceutical industry to provide due drug regimens to children in need of palliative care.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125603478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey-based evaluation of the awareness of pharmaceutical specialists on the pharmacotherapy of climacteric syndrome","authors":"M. Chernyavskaya, I. Narkevich","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.031","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to evaluate the awareness of pharmaceutical specialists on the pharmacotherapy of climacteric syndrome based on survey results.Material and methods. The authors analyzed 394 surveys of pharmaceutical specialists in Saint-Petersburg. The survey consisted of 13 questions, covered the personal characteristics of the participants (age, education, professional experience) and their knowledge about special medicines and food supplements to control climacteric symptoms, indications, and contraindications.Results. The results showed that pharmaceutical specialists saw the difference between combined oral contraceptives and menopausal hormone therapy, but they do not know about the protective cardiovascular effects of menopausal hormone therapy. Most specialists consider menopausal hormone therapy more effective than phytoestrogens, but they have no idea how it works. For most of them, there is hardly any difference between various classes of phytoestrogens. In their opinion, medical representatives and scientific conferences are the main providers of medical information.Conclusion. The analysis of the level of awareness of pharmaceutical specialists about the pharmacotherapy of menopausal syndrome based on the results of the survey revealed insufficient knowledge among pharmacy workers on a number of fundamental issues. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methodological recommendations on menopausal hormone therapy preparations and phytoestrogens-based drugs for pharmaceutical specialists who act as an important intermediate between a doctor and a patient.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133912114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of simultaneous and staged operations in patients with atherosclerotic lesions of carotid and coronary arteries","authors":"A. B. Ismoilova, N. M. Sultanbaeva, A. Abdurakhmanov, Sh. Z. Umarova, D. Dzhalalova, S. Dzhalalov","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.051","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: comparative systematic analysis of clinical trials of staged and simultaneous approaches in the surgical treatment of combined carotid and coronary stenosis based on the literature search.Material and methods. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Scopus using predefined acceptance criteria. To compare data of simultaneous and staged surgery cumulative indicators of heart attack, stroke and mortality, expressed as percentages and absolute numbers, were analyzed; the Mantel–Hensel formula and the χ2 method were used to assess the relative risk of major adverse cardio-cerebral events development and mortality.Results. The analysis included 7 studies containing one intervention (4 simultaneous and 3 stage methods). The risk of developing myocardial infarction was RR 0.13 (95% CI 0.02–0.67) for simultaneous tactics, and RR 7.79 (95% CI 1.5–40.43) for staged tactics (p˂0.005). The risk of stroke developing was RR 1.29 (95% CI 0.56–2.99) for a simultaneous approach, and RR 0.78 (95% CI 0.33–1.8) for stage approach (p˃0.05). The risk of mortality was RR 0.77 (95% CI 0.31–1.88) for simultaneous procedures, and RR 1.3 (95% CI 0.53–3.18) for staged procedures (p˃0.05).Conclusion. Staged tactics for combined carotid and coronary stenosis may be accompanied by a significantly higher risk of myocardial infarction. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the risk of stroke and mortality, but there was a trend towards a higher risk of stroke in the simultaneous group and a higher risk of death from all causes in the staged group.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130960947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of disease information (Ebola and COVID-19) on the pharmaceutical sector in Russia and USA","authors":"E. Fedorova, D. O. Afanasyev, A. Sokolov, M. Lazarev","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.054","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: identification of the relationship between the news coverage of global diseases and the dynamics of the return on shares of the pharmaceutical sector for Russia and the United States.Material and methods. The empirical base of the study includes more than 700 thousand tweets on Ebola and COVID-19 in Russian and English, news of the RBC news agency. The sentiment of the text was assessed on the basis of five English and four Russian-language dictionaries, the influence of fundamental and textual variables on the profitability of pharmaceutical companies' shares was carried out using the ARMAX-GARCH econometric model.Results. It has been proven that the dynamics of the stock index of pharmaceutical companies is explained by fundamental (economic) and sentimental factors. News of any epidemics negatively affects the pharmaceutical sector in the US and Russia, that is, there are no industries that benefit from this situation. Pandemic news affects US pharmaceutical companies more than Russian companies. The effect of news influence depends on the level of spread of the disease. News influences not only at the moment of their publication, but also after: there is a \"delayed effect\". Ebola news affects the American pharmaceutical market for 2 weeks, and the dynamics of the increase in influence can be traced. News on the COVID pandemic amplifies its impact during 1 week for the Russian pharmaceutical market and for 2 weeks for the US pharmaceutical companies. As for news sources, the elastic network has identified more significant variables based on publications from RBC; therefore, Internet publications generate more publicity, shaping a more significant overall sentiment in the markets.Conclusion. The models developed in the framework of the study and the economic conclusions obtained have not only theoretical, but also practical significance, and can also be used for further research in this area. It is possible to give recommendations on the practical use of dictionaries to assess the sentiment of the text. In our study, the elastic network method chose the Loughran–McDonald dictionary for evaluating economic texts in English and the EcSentiThemeLex dictionary (designed in R and Python programming environments). Avenues for further investigation may include analysis of other sources of information about the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"268 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124349087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical care payment improvement within diagnosis-related groups of patients with severe asthma requiring biologic disease-modifying drugs by regional adaptation mechanism in the Moscow Region","authors":"A. D. Ermolaeva, V. Krysanova, T. Ermolaeva, K. I. Polyakova, K. Kokushkin","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.093","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: scientific rationale of changing approaches to medical care payment for hospitalization of patients suffering from severe asthma (SA) that require the prescription of biologic disease-modifying drugs (bDMDs) within the constraints of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) on the level of the Moscow Region.Material and methods. For the federal model regional adaptation, the authors used the mechanism of subgroups selection in the structure of basic DRG No. 336 st36.003 and No. 139 ds36.004 “Treatment with biologic disease-modifying drugs and selective immunosuppressants” in the round-the-clock (RH) and day-time hospital (DH). Budget impact analysis (BIA) was performed to provide scientific and economic feasibility for the improvement of medical care payment for bDMDs proscribed to patients with SA within DRG at the level of the Moscow Region.Results. The analysis of cost of drug therapy and medical services per 1 case of hospitalization of patients with SA, that required bDMDs therapy, considering the classification criterion (international nonproprietary name of drugs and drug therapy regimens), showed 10 subgroups in DRG No. 336 st36.003 (level 1) and 9 subgroups in DRG No. 139 ds36.004. Expert estimates on the rate of hospitalizations and drug dosage regimen indicated for patients with SA were used to calculate the relative cost weights (CW). The highest CW was observed in the subgroup that received benralizumab in RH (CW=7.46) and in DH (CW=12.08) conditions. BIA demonstrated 110,103,901.53 rubles (or 31%) budget savings for the health care system of the Moscow Region.Conclusion. The implementation of the adapted DRG federal model in the conditions of the health care system of Moscow Region is an economically feasible approach to the organization of the inpatient medical care provided to patients with SA needing bDMDs prescription.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133778483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of vitamin D intake on quality of life parameters in office workers","authors":"A. Sharman, S. Adambekov, A. A. Imandosova, G. F. Elemesova","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.084","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and analyze the results of therapy in office workers, including an assessment of the quality of life.Material and methods. An observational non-interventional cross-sectional, cohort, prospective phase IV clinical study included office workers (151 people, age 18–44 years), who were prescribed an aqueous solution of vitamin D. The concentration of 25(OH)D in the blood of patients was measured before and after undergoing treatment. The duration of therapy, depending on the degree of deficiency, was 4 or 8 weeks. The SF-36 scale was used to assess the physiological and psychological status.Results. In 75.5% of the study participants, a insufficiency or deficiency of vitamin D was detected. Differences in the average content of 25(OH)D in blood serum before and after treatment with vitamin D were statistically significant. The level of vitamin D in blood serum, measured by the content of its metabolite 25(OH)D <30 ng/ml, is regarded as suboptimal, i.e. its insufficiency occurs, and <20 ng/ml – as vitamin D deficiency (p<0.0001). The SF-36 score showed significant statistically significant improvements in overall health, physical functioning, and pain in individuals with vitamin D deficiency after vitamin D supplementation. The use of multiple linear regression demonstrated an association of serum 25(OH)D levels with vitamin D-rich foods taken less than once a week.Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency is very common among office workers: 75.5% had D 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/ml. Vitamin D deficiency is corrected by taking this vitamin. Vitamin D supplementation helps to improve physical and mental health indicators. Serum 25(ОН)D levels are associated with intake of vitamin D-rich foods and duration of vitamin D treatment.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126030398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in healthcare: possibilities of patent protection","authors":"T. N. Erivantseva, Yu. V. Blokhina","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.063","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of the advantages and issues associated with the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in medicine. Based on the analysis of scientific publications, the leading healthcare areas using AI and ML have been identified. The applied problems that modern technologies allow to solve are described, as well as the goals that can be achieved using such technologies. The legal protection issues of technologies using AI are highlighted. A comparison is given of the key aspects of copyright and patent law, and the advantages of patent law and comprehensive patent protection of technologies for process automation in healthcare are presented. The possibilities of complex patent protection and its strategy in the leading areas of AI use in healthcare are considered on specific examples.","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116615946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational and economic aspects of triplet therapy of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in the Russian healthcare setting","authors":"E. Pyadushkina, E. Derkach, V. Ignatyeva, E. E. Yagnenkova, T. Klitochenko, Tatiana Shelekhova, A. Levanov","doi":"10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2021.098","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The introduction of innovative drugs has significantly increased the treatment effectiveness in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), but the question of whether these expensive options can be financially secured remains open.Objective: to assess the cost of triplets of targeted drugs ixazomib, carfilzomib, elotuzumab and daratumumab with lenalidomide and dexamethasone used in the treatment of RRMM, and to determine possible payment options for this therapy at the level of the Russian Federation subjects.Material and methods. The cost of an annual course of treatment with the studied regimens with centralized purchases and the cost of targeted drugs per hospitalization case were calculated based on the maximum registered prices, recommended doses and treatment regimens. The normative legal acts regulating the payment of drug therapy for multiple myeloma were analyzed and possible financing channels and their limitations were identified. Using the example of the Volgograd and Saratov Regions, tariffs under the compulsory medical insurance system were calculated and their sufficiency in covering the cost of targeted therapy was estimated.Results. The cost of an annual course of triplet therapy per patient in the case of centralized procurement of drugs ranged from 5.51 million rubles (regimen with ixazomib) up to 8.03 million rubles (regimen with carfilzomib). The cost per hospitalization, depending on the number of doses, ranged from 80,667–242,000 rubles (ixazomib, 1–3 doses) in the Saratov Region up to 239,618–958,472 rubles (daratumumab, 1–4 doses) in the Volgograd Region. Possible reimbursement channels are High-Cost Nosologies (HCN), Obligatory Medical Insurance (OMI) and Regional Drug Coverage (RDC) programs, nevertheless triplet therapy cannot be purchased via the single channel and the combination of them is required. It has been shown that, in most cases, the costs for a case of targeted drug treatment in studied regions are covered by the average tariff for the corresponding diagnosis-related group (DRG), except for cases with a maximum duration in a day hospital setting. An analysis of the RDC lists and the procurement of drugs in the studied regimens at the expense of regional budgets showed that lenalidomide, ixazomib, carfilzomib, elotuzumab and daratumumab are included in the restrictive list in regions 77, 74, 66, 63 and 47, but they are purchased only in regions 15, 24, 6, 4 and 6, respectively.Conclusion. The use of a triplet with ixazomib is characterized by the lowest costs, which indicates its greater economic attractiveness relative to carfilzomib, daratumumab and elotuzumab in the treatment of patients with RRMM. The tariffs established in the current DRG model retain the possibility of paying for treatment with the high-cost medicines at the expense of the OMI funds in combination with the HCN or RDC programs. There are reasons to believe that the expansion of the list of 14 HCN program will","PeriodicalId":201824,"journal":{"name":"FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114924748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}