Physical Sciences Reviews最新文献_第7页

A new sphingoid derivative from Acacia hockii De Wild (Fabaceae) with antimicrobial and insecticidal properties 一种具有抗菌和杀虫特性的野生金合欢(豆科)新鞘类衍生物

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0267

Edwige Anagued Haman, Valéry Paul Moumbon, spce Abdourahman Fadimatou, J. Momeni, B. Ngameni

{"title":"A new sphingoid derivative from Acacia hockii De Wild (Fabaceae) with antimicrobial and insecticidal properties","authors":"Edwige Anagued Haman, Valéry Paul Moumbon, spce Abdourahman Fadimatou, J. Momeni, B. Ngameni","doi":"10.1515/psr-2022-0267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0267","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Cameroon, several species of the genus Acacia are traditionally used for protection in granaries of stored foodstuffs such as cowpeas, maize and millet. The literature review on Acacia hockii made it possible to detect that few studies were carried out on this plant which would traditionally have the properties we seek. The objective of this work is to extract and isolate the active principles and then evaluate the insecticidal and antifungal activities of the extracts and compounds isolated from the fruits of A. hockii. The maceration method was used to obtain hexane, acetone and methanol extracts of A. hockii fruits which were used against adults of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), a pest of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). The most active extract was fractionated by column chromatography and the compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The well-scattering method was used for evaluating the antifungal activity. The results show that all extracts were active against adults of C. maculatus and that the acetone extract was the most active with a 100% mortality rate at the concentration of 0.500 mg/mL and an LD50 of 0.06 g per gram of cowpea. The antifungal activity test of the acetone extract showed sensitivity against all tested strains Fusarium solani, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium citrinum with MIC of 0.0625; 0.500 mg/mL, respectively. Fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of four compounds, among β-stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, β-stigmasterol-3β-O-D-glucopyranoside and N-((2S,3S,4R,14E)-1,3,4-trihydroxyicos-14-en-2-yl)palmitamide, a new sphingolipid with insecticidal and moderate antibacterial activities. A. hockii fruits can be considered a potential source for the production of biopesticides.","PeriodicalId":20156,"journal":{"name":"Physical Sciences Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87799992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic effect in bimetallic gold catalysts: recent trends and prospects 双金属金催化剂的协同效应:最新趋势与展望

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0269

S. Mkhondwane, V. R. Pullabhotla

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous removal of methylene blue, copper Cu(II), and cadmium Cd(II) from synthetic wastewater using fennel-based adsorbents 利用茴香基吸附剂同时去除合成废水中的亚甲基蓝、铜Cu(II)和镉Cd(II)

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0329

N. Mabungela, N. D. Shooto, F. Mtunzi, E. B. Naidoo

{"title":"Simultaneous removal of methylene blue, copper Cu(II), and cadmium Cd(II) from synthetic wastewater using fennel-based adsorbents","authors":"N. Mabungela, N. D. Shooto, F. Mtunzi, E. B. Naidoo","doi":"10.1515/psr-2022-0329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0329","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This work looked into viability of using fennel-based adsorbents to simultaneously eliminate cadmium, methylene blue, and copper from water solution. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) solutions were applied to the untreated fennel seeds (PFS) to yield H3FS and CaFS, respectively. The presence of –OH, –C–O–C–, and –C=O functional groups on the surface of the adsorbents was confirmed by FTIR results. XRD and UV–Vis results established hydrolysis of cellulose from fennel seeds. According to studies on time and kinetics, the adsorption process was relatively quick in the first 60 min. Furthermore, isotherm models showed that the results fit Langmuir model more closely. This finding indicated that uptake takes place on uniform active sites on adsorbent surfaces. Studies on thermodynamics showed that the adsorption procedure was advantageous and practicable. PFS, H3FS, and CaFS had maximum Cu(II) adsorption capacities of 7.208, 5.504, and 5.791 mg/g. It was 2.274, 5.021, and 12.3 mg/g for Cd(II) by PFS, H3FS, and CaFS. PFS, H3FS, and CaFS could adsorb MB to a maximum of 11.114, 4.071, and 18.468 mg/g. Reusability studies of the adsorbents were also evaluated and the results suggested that the adsorbents can be recycled a number of times.","PeriodicalId":20156,"journal":{"name":"Physical Sciences Reviews","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82816420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of iodine in aqueous extract of plants through modified Mohr’s method 改良莫尔法测定植物水提物中的碘

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0291

R. Azmat, R. Bano, Sumeira Moin, Tahseen Ahmed, Ailyan Saleem, W. Ahmed

{"title":"Detection of iodine in aqueous extract of plants through modified Mohr’s method","authors":"R. Azmat, R. Bano, Sumeira Moin, Tahseen Ahmed, Ailyan Saleem, W. Ahmed","doi":"10.1515/psr-2022-0291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0291","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article explores the extraction of iodine contents in Ipomoea pes-caprae plants using the modified Mohr’s method applied to a biological extract prepared in an aqueous solution. The plants were collected from three coastal regions of the Arabian Sea at Karachi coast, privileged as iodine resource areas. The size of the stem, leaves, and flowers of collected plants was measured after transportation into the laboratory before preparation of aqueous extract. It was found to be significantly different in size from each other. The electrical conductivity of the biological extract was recorded through a conductometer. For this purpose, the extract of different parts of the I. pes-caprae plants was prepared, followed by heating and filtration, while silver nitrate (AgNO3) was used as a precipitating agent. It was interesting to note that when filtrate was titrated with AgNO3, the precipitate started to settle down. Results showed the lowest iodine concentration in the flowers of all tested plants, followed by the highest in the leaves. Conductometric precipitation reaction was influential in determining iodine in herbal medicinal plants. It was observed that the size of the plants and collection sites impacted the iodine concentration. It was lowest in I. pes-caprae, collected from sea view Karachi, while highest in plants of Hawksbay. The endpoint of this biochemical reaction was taken when conductivity started rising. The standard curve of KI was prepared to determine the concentration of iodine in plant samples through conductometric titration. Moreover, the presence of Iodine was confirmed through a chemical testing method using HNO3, NH4OH, and H2SO4, after a complete precipitation reaction. The iodine quantification was done using a spectrophotometer through hexane solvent after being treated with H2SO4.","PeriodicalId":20156,"journal":{"name":"Physical Sciences Reviews","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86183033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biopolymeric composite materials for environmental applications 环境应用的生物高分子复合材料

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0223

Anil Kumar Moola, Muhil Raj Prabhakar, Baishali Dey, B. Paramasivan, Sita Manojgyna Vangala, Ramya Jakkampudi, S. Sathish

{"title":"Biopolymeric composite materials for environmental applications","authors":"Anil Kumar Moola, Muhil Raj Prabhakar, Baishali Dey, B. Paramasivan, Sita Manojgyna Vangala, Ramya Jakkampudi, S. Sathish","doi":"10.1515/psr-2022-0223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0223","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The emerging phase of bioeconomy demands that human beings be concerned more with ecofriendly practices in every aspect of life. Thus, the demand for biopolymer/biopolymer-based composite materials has witnessed a surge in recent decades. Biopolymeric composites at macro, micro, and nano scales have various applications in environmental cleanup. Biopolymers from natural resources have established an important position owing to their easy availability, abundance, and biodegradability. This review reveals the advantages of biopolymer usage in the field of environmental remediation over conventional practices and also the advantages of biopolymer composites over general biopolymeric material. Further, it focuses on the recent rapid development of nanotechnology, which has led to significant advances in the design and synthesis of biopolymer-based nanocomposites, with higher specific surface areas that can be functionalized to strongly adsorb contaminants in comparison with conventional adsorbents. It also presents the biopolymer-based composite materials separated on the basis of scale commonly used for environmental applications such as the removal of dyes, oil–water separation, and air filtration. This review also summarizes the benefits and drawbacks on biopolymer composite usage along with future perspectives to give an idea on the areas for researchers to focus on in the future.","PeriodicalId":20156,"journal":{"name":"Physical Sciences Reviews","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83691536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photoprotection strategies with antioxidant extracts: a new vision 抗氧化提取物的光防护策略:一个新的愿景

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0313

R. Ayad, Mostefa Lefahal, E. Makhloufi, S. Akkal

{"title":"Photoprotection strategies with antioxidant extracts: a new vision","authors":"R. Ayad, Mostefa Lefahal, E. Makhloufi, S. Akkal","doi":"10.1515/psr-2022-0313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0313","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The most harmful to biological compounds is ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun. UVC rays (100–280 nm) are extremely harmful to the skin. Fortunately, it is primarily absorbed in the earth’s troposphere by molecular oxygen and ozone. Although UVB (290–320 nm) accounts for only about 5 % of terrestrial UVR, its effects are typically much stronger than those of UVA (320–400 nm). UVR’s clinical effects on normal-appearing human skin can include erythema, pigmentation, suppression of acquired immunity and enhancement of innate immunity, all caused by UVB, and blood pressure reduction caused by UVA. Long-term effects include photocarcinogenesis and photoaging. All of these effects are supported by molecular or cellular effects such as DNA damage, ROS generation, melanogenesis, and the expression of numerous genes and related proteins. The use of sunscreen and avoiding prolonged sun exposure are the first lines of defense in photoprotection. Sunscreens with the appropriate SPF and protection spectrum are now the mainstay of many studies on UV damage. A variety of novel strategies for developing better sunscreens have been proposed. It has been proposed that incorporating antioxidant phenolic extracts into sunscreens can provide additional photoprotective qualities and provide greater protection by replenishing the skin’s natural reservoirs. Thus, the goal of this study was to look into the use of antioxidant extracts from medicinal plants in sunscreens and cosmetic formulations to boost photoprotection, with a particular emphasis on green extraction of these antioxidants from their complex matrices.","PeriodicalId":20156,"journal":{"name":"Physical Sciences Reviews","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79175007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational chemistry in the undergraduate inorganic curriculum 计算化学在本科无机课程中的应用

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0248

J. P. Canal

引用次数: 0

Maximizing advantages and minimizing misinterpretation risks when using analogies in the presentation of chemistry concepts: a design challenge 当在化学概念的表达中使用类比时，最大限度地发挥优势并最大限度地减少误解风险:一个设计挑战

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0318

L. Mammino

{"title":"Maximizing advantages and minimizing misinterpretation risks when using analogies in the presentation of chemistry concepts: a design challenge","authors":"L. Mammino","doi":"10.1515/psr-2022-0318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0318","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Analogies are frequently used in chemistry education (and science education in general), above all when introducing a new concept or when a concept is perceived as too abstract by the teacher or by the learners. On the one hand, analogies can offer functioning opportunities for clarifications; on the other hand, they may risk engendering misinterpretations or misconceptions, because the terms of a given analogy may be perceived differently by the teacher and by the student, or may be too farfetched to have a clarifying role. In order to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks, the design of analogies needs to entail careful attention both to the nature of the analogy and to its ‘matching’ to the nature of the concept to which it refers. This involves vigilant analysis of all the details and of their implications, and the parallel design of a viable way to guide the student through the terms of the analogy; such guidance is actually meant to become an explanation component. The paper considers concrete examples from the author’s direct experience with general chemistry and physical chemistry courses, and analyses both the design of the details of the selected analogies and the corresponding guidance pathways. It also discusses related issues like the importance of limiting the resort to analogies to the cases where they can actually have a significant impact on students’ understanding, and the opportunity of replacing them with molecular models whenever feasible, as a model’s nature is closer to the mental images that it is desirable to promote through students’ perceptions. Comparisons of the types of guidance needed for analogies, for general-type visualization, and for visualization through models are also included. The take-home message reiterates the considerations on the nature of analogies as something to be designed, on the teacher’s active role in the design, and on the possibility of including students in the design process, when the concepts and corresponding analogies are suitable for such inclusion.","PeriodicalId":20156,"journal":{"name":"Physical Sciences Reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84302858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Biopolymer based membrane technology for environmental applications 基于生物聚合物的环境应用膜技术

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0222

V. Janakiraman, Srinivasarao Sowmya, M. Thenmozhi

引用次数: 0

Phytochemical components and GC–MS analysis of Petiveria alliaceae L. fractions and volatile oils 韭菜科植物化学成分及挥发油GC-MS分析

Physical Sciences Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0311

E. O. Adesanya, Olubunkunola Oluwole Oyesiku, Olumide Olatunde Adesanya, A. D. Ogunlakin, Adeshina I Odugbemi, S. Egieyeh

{"title":"Phytochemical components and GC–MS analysis of Petiveria alliaceae L. fractions and volatile oils","authors":"E. O. Adesanya, Olubunkunola Oluwole Oyesiku, Olumide Olatunde Adesanya, A. D. Ogunlakin, Adeshina I Odugbemi, S. Egieyeh","doi":"10.1515/psr-2022-0311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0311","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Phytochemical constituents are important in the determination of plant activities. Their presence in medicinal plants gives their therapeutic values. These phytoconstituents possesses pharmacological activities that include antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesics, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, antidiarrheal and several other activities. These activities can be determined by the identification of the phytochemicals present in medicinal plants. Petivera alliaceae L. is one of the medicinal plants in the family of phtytolaccaceae used traditionally as an antirheumatic, analgesics, antimicrobial, anticancer and immunomodulators. It is believed to possess rich phytoconstituents especially sulphur containing a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Although the root extracts is been explored but there are limited publication to its root fractions. Therefore, the study is aimed at screening phytochemicals present in the fractions and volatile oil of the root parts of P. alliaceae using qualitative tests and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Fresh root parts of Petivera allliaceae plant were collected and air-dried. The dried root parts was macerated in absolute methanol for 72 h. The solution was extracted and dried. The dried root methanol extract was partitioned into n-hexane (PAH) and methanol fractions (PAM), while volatile oil (PAO) was extracted using Clevenger-type hydrodistillation method. The result shows that alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids were present while cardiac glycosides, phenol, terpenoids and anthraqunione glycosides were absent in both fractions. The GC–MS analysis identified 18 compounds in PAH, 19 compounds in PAM and 28 compounds in PAO. The fractions and volatile oils of P. alliaceae roots are rich in phytochemical constituents and compounds should be isolated from the fractions and explored for their potentials.","PeriodicalId":20156,"journal":{"name":"Physical Sciences Reviews","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87602966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3