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Rapid Determination of Ochratoxin A in Black Tea Using Terahertz Ultrasensitive Biosensor 利用太赫兹超灵敏生物传感器快速测定红茶中的赭曲霉毒素 A
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11010009
Gan Chen, Bingwei Liu, Ping Lu, Yan Peng
{"title":"Rapid Determination of Ochratoxin A in Black Tea Using Terahertz Ultrasensitive Biosensor","authors":"Gan Chen, Bingwei Liu, Ping Lu, Yan Peng","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010009","url":null,"abstract":"Ochratoxin A (OTA), which is highly toxic and carcinogenic, is easily produced in cereal crops, dry herbs, and other foods under improper storage. Traditional detection methods, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), can detect OTA accurately, but there are many problems such as long period, high cost, and poor reproducibility. Therefore, developing a rapid, non-destructive, and highly sensitive method for OTA detection is essential. In this paper, we used a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor combined with terahertz (THz) spectroscopy to quantify OTA. As a result, the concentration range of OTA in acetonitrile solution was up to 0–20 pg/μL, with a detection limit of 1 pg/μL, which can meet the requirements for OTA detection in most foods. Further, we applied this method to black tea, and the detection limit was up to 1 pg/mg, which is 500 times higher than UV spectrophotometry, and completely meets the EU regulations. This study shows that the combination of terahertz spectroscopy and an SPR biosensor is a promising approach to achieve a simple, rapid, and low-cost method for trace substance quantification in foods and drugs.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coarse Integral Volumetric Imaging Display with Time and Polarization Multiplexing 具有时间和偏振复用功能的粗积分容积成像显示器
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11010007
Garimagai Borjigin, Yuqiang Ding, John Semmen, Hosna Tajvidi Safa, Hideki Kakeya, Shin-Tson Wu
{"title":"Coarse Integral Volumetric Imaging Display with Time and Polarization Multiplexing","authors":"Garimagai Borjigin, Yuqiang Ding, John Semmen, Hosna Tajvidi Safa, Hideki Kakeya, Shin-Tson Wu","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces an innovative approach to integral volumetric imaging employing time and polarization multiplexing techniques to present volumetric three-dimensional images. Traditional integral volumetric imaging systems with a coarse lens array often face moiré pattern issues stemming from layered panel structures. In response, our proposed system utilizes a combination of time and polarization multiplexing to achieve two focal planes using a single display panel.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Integral-Equation-Based Variance Reduction Method for Accelerated Monte Carlo Simulations 基于积分方程的加速蒙特卡罗模拟方差缩小法
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11010005
D. Hevisov, Dominik Reitzle, A. Liemert, A. Kienle
{"title":"An Integral-Equation-Based Variance Reduction Method for Accelerated Monte Carlo Simulations","authors":"D. Hevisov, Dominik Reitzle, A. Liemert, A. Kienle","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010005","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we introduce a novel variance reduction approach utilising the integral formulation of the radiative transfer equation to calculate the radiance in a planar symmetric slab geometry. Due to its integral nature, our method offers a fundamental advantage over well-established variance reduction methods such as the local estimate technique. As opposed to the local estimate procedure, photons add to the overall radiance not only at specific points of interaction but also throughout each consecutive path element; hence, our variance reduction approach can be thought of as an integral local estimate method. This facilitates a substantial enhancement in statistical efficiency, especially in scenarios where only a small number of scattering events or a high attenuation along the detection paths is to be anticipated. To evaluate the overall performance of the integral approach, we incorporated it into a self-developed GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo software, together with a conventional local estimate implementation adapted to slab geometry for a comprehensive comparison.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"61 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138950585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Parabolic Waveform Generator Based on the Chirp Characteristics of a Directly Modulated Laser 基于直接调制激光器啁啾特性的抛物线波形发生器
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11010004
Na Chen, Yang Jiang, Xiao Lan, Yuejiao Zi, Jing Xu, Jiahui Li, Qiong Zhang, Jinjian Feng
{"title":"A Parabolic Waveform Generator Based on the Chirp Characteristics of a Directly Modulated Laser","authors":"Na Chen, Yang Jiang, Xiao Lan, Yuejiao Zi, Jing Xu, Jiahui Li, Qiong Zhang, Jinjian Feng","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010004","url":null,"abstract":"Due to carrier dynamics, the modulated light field from a directly modulated laser (DML) has an intensity envelope with a certain frequency chirp. When the chirp is linearly mapped into intensity by a frequency discriminator such as an optical filter with a linear edge, the optical field presents a new signal determined by the multiplication operation between the envelope function and the chirp function. Under a triangular drive signal, this process can contribute dark, bright and frequency-doubled bright parabolic waveforms by properly adjusting the filter window. This method is verified by both a theoretical analysis and experimental demonstrations. It not only provides a low-cost and simple scheme to generate parabola signals, but also a new method for arbitrary waveform generation.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"24 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards Implementation of 3D Amplitude Shaping at 515 nm and First Pulseshaping Experiments at PITZ 在 515 纳米波段实现三维振幅整形以及在 PITZ 进行首次脉冲整形实验
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11010006
Andreas Hoffmann, J. Good, M. Gross, M. Krasilnikov, Frank Stephan
{"title":"Towards Implementation of 3D Amplitude Shaping at 515 nm and First Pulseshaping Experiments at PITZ","authors":"Andreas Hoffmann, J. Good, M. Gross, M. Krasilnikov, Frank Stephan","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010006","url":null,"abstract":"A key issue of X-ray free-electron lasers is the quality of the photoelectron beams generated from a photocathode by laser pulses in the high-gradient RF gun. Controlling the shape of these laser pulses can strongly reduce the transverse emittance of the generated electron bunch. For this purpose, a laser pulseshaper at 515 nm is presented that can be used directly with alkali antimonide photocathodes for photoemission. The first results regarding generation and measurement of flattop and parabolic pulses as well as introduction of modulations for THz generation are presented and show the potential for emittance optimization with 3D ellipsoidal pulses with the proposed pulseshaper. The experiments are carried out for Cs2Te photocathodes, which require second harmonic generation of the shaped pulses and thus allow investigation of pulseshape preservation in nonlinear frequency conversion processes.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"55 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Comprehensive Study on Phase Sensitive Amplification and Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Nonlinear Fibers with Longitudinally Varying Dispersion 纵向色散变化非线性光纤中的相敏放大和受激布里渊散射综合研究
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11010003
Debanuj Chatterjee, Sugeet Sunder, Mrudula Krishna, Suchita Yadav, Alexej Sysoliatin, Konstantin Gochelashvili, Sergey Semjonov, D. Venkitesh, Andrey Konyukhov
{"title":"A Comprehensive Study on Phase Sensitive Amplification and Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Nonlinear Fibers with Longitudinally Varying Dispersion","authors":"Debanuj Chatterjee, Sugeet Sunder, Mrudula Krishna, Suchita Yadav, Alexej Sysoliatin, Konstantin Gochelashvili, Sergey Semjonov, D. Venkitesh, Andrey Konyukhov","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010003","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber optic parametric and phase sensitive amplifiers (PSA) are interesting for modern day communication technologies due to their low noise and high gain amplification properties with a potential for all optical signal processing and wide band operation. PSAs are typically employed in either a single pump or dual pump configuration. In this article we explore the utilities of both configurations, however considering a fiber with a longitudinally varying dispersion profile. For the single pump case, PSA operation at large pump-signal detunings, that arise due to the longitudinal dispersion variation, were studied numerically, and recipes of using the system as a wide band wavelength selective filter were laid out. For the dual-pump case, emphasis was laid on achieving a larger signal gain, by reducing stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) that prevents large pump power transport through the nonlinear fiber. First, the effects of dispersion variation on the gain of a dual pump PSA were studied analytically and numerically in order to optimize the dispersion variation profile, neglecting SBS processes. Then we independently studied the SBS dynamics of the system numerically. A sinusoidally dispersion oscillating fiber (DOF) was found to be an optimal candidate with respect to its PSA and SBS performances. To establish this claim, we also experimentally compared the performance of an available DOF over a standard highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) that has a constant dispersion profile and established its utility for designing a high gain PSA system, thanks to the SBS mitigation due to the longitudinal dispersion variation of the fiber.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"82 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138956818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Research on the Structure Design of Silicon Avalanche Photodiode with Near-Ultraviolet High Responsivity 近紫外高响应硅雪崩光电二极管结构设计研究
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11010001
Guangtong Guo, Wei Chen, Kaifeng Zheng, Jinguang Lv, Yuxin Qin, Baixuan Zhao, Yingze Zhao, Yupeng Chen, Dan-ning Gao, Jingqiu Liang, Weibiao Wang
{"title":"Research on the Structure Design of Silicon Avalanche Photodiode with Near-Ultraviolet High Responsivity","authors":"Guangtong Guo, Wei Chen, Kaifeng Zheng, Jinguang Lv, Yuxin Qin, Baixuan Zhao, Yingze Zhao, Yupeng Chen, Dan-ning Gao, Jingqiu Liang, Weibiao Wang","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010001","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the low responsivity of the silicon avalanche photodiode in the near-ultraviolet wavelength range, we designed a near-ultraviolet highly responsive Si-APD basic structure with a multiplication layer neighboring the photosensitive surface through the analysis of the optical absorption characteristics, junction breakdown characteristics, and avalanche multiplication characteristics. The dark current and electric field distribution of the device were investigated. Meanwhile, the structural parameters of the surface non-depleted layer, multiplication layer, and absorption layer were optimized. It was found that the breakdown voltage of the device is 21.07 V. At an applied bias voltage of 20.02 V, the device exhibits a responsivity of 6.79–14.51 A/W in the wavelength range of 300–400 nm. These results provide valuable insights for the design of silicon avalanche photodiode with high responsivity in the near-ultraviolet range.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Generation of Narrow Modes in Random Raman Fiber Laser Based on Multimode Fiber 基于多模光纤的随机拉曼光纤激光器窄模的产生
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.3390/photonics11010002
I. Vatnik, Oleg A. Gorbunov, Dmitry V. Churkin
{"title":"Generation of Narrow Modes in Random Raman Fiber Laser Based on Multimode Fiber","authors":"I. Vatnik, Oleg A. Gorbunov, Dmitry V. Churkin","doi":"10.3390/photonics11010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010002","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new design of a random Raman fiber laser based on a graded-index multimode fiber as the media composing the cavity that allows the generation of narrow spectral lines. We carried out spectral measurements using an optical heterodyning technique by projecting multimode radiation onto the fundamental mode of a standard single-mode fiber. The measurements confirmed the presence of localized ultra-narrow short-lived modes. We measured the powers of the modes and found it to be significantly higher (up to 25 mW) compared with those in a random Raman laser based on a single-mode fiber (<2 mW), while preserving the same typical lifetimes of a few milliseconds.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Laser with Intracavity Spectral Beam Combining with Continuous-Wave and Pulse-Periodic Pumping of Various Lasing Channels 带有腔内光谱光束组合的激光器,采用连续波和脉冲周期泵浦的各种激光通道
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.3390/photonics10121389
Vladimir Kamynin, Vitalii V. Kashin, Dmitri A. Nikolaev, A. Trikshev, Vladimir B. Tsvetkov
{"title":"A Laser with Intracavity Spectral Beam Combining with Continuous-Wave and Pulse-Periodic Pumping of Various Lasing Channels","authors":"Vladimir Kamynin, Vitalii V. Kashin, Dmitri A. Nikolaev, A. Trikshev, Vladimir B. Tsvetkov","doi":"10.3390/photonics10121389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10121389","url":null,"abstract":"The output spectral, temporal, and spatial parameters of a two-channel Yb-fiber laser operating in an incoherent intracavity spectral beam-combining mode were investigated. One of the laser channels operated in continuous pumping mode, and the second channel operated in pulse-periodic pumping mode with a pulse duration of microseconds. When the channels operated separately, continuous lasing at a wavelength of λ1 was observed in one channel, and pulsed lasing at a wavelength of λ2 was observed in the other. When both channels operated simultaneously, it was shown that during the pump pulse action, the laser switched operation to pulsed collective mode lasing at a wavelength of (λ1 + λ2)/2. Lasing at wavelengths λ1 and λ2 was not observed at this time.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tuning Q-Factor and Perfect Absorption Using Coupled Tamm States on Polarization-Preserving Metasurface 利用偏振保持元表面上的耦合塔姆态调谐 Q 因子和完美吸收
IF 2.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Photonics Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.3390/photonics10121391
N. V. Rudakova, Rashid G. Bikbaev, Larisa E. Tyryshkina, Stepan Ya. Vetrov, I. Timofeev
{"title":"Tuning Q-Factor and Perfect Absorption Using Coupled Tamm States on Polarization-Preserving Metasurface","authors":"N. V. Rudakova, Rashid G. Bikbaev, Larisa E. Tyryshkina, Stepan Ya. Vetrov, I. Timofeev","doi":"10.3390/photonics10121391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10121391","url":null,"abstract":"The circular polarization of light flips its handedness after a conventional metallic mirror reflection. Therefore, a polarization-preserving metasurface is a crucially important element in a series of chiral photonic structures. They include tunable cholesteric LCs and anisotropic photonic crystals. Chiral structures are rich in interfacial localized modes including Tamm states. In this report, coupled modes formed as a result of the interaction between two chiral optical Tamm states or a chiral optical Tamm state and a chiral Tamm plasmon polariton are analytically and numerically investigated. It is shown that the effective control of coupled modes can be carried out by changing the pitch of the cholesteric and the angle between the optical axis of the cholesteric and the polarization-preserving anisotropic mirror. The influence of the metasurface period on the spectral characteristics of coupled modes is investigated. The possibility of realizing a bound state in the continuum of the Friedrich–Wintgen type, resulting from the destructive interference of coupled modes, which leads to the collapse of the resonance line corresponding to the chiral optical Tamm state, has been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":20154,"journal":{"name":"Photonics","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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