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General limit to thermodynamic annealing performance 热力学退火性能的一般限制
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.l052105
Yutong Luo, Yi-Zheng Zhen, Xiangjing Liu, Daniel Ebler, Oscar Dahlsten
{"title":"General limit to thermodynamic annealing performance","authors":"Yutong Luo, Yi-Zheng Zhen, Xiangjing Liu, Daniel Ebler, Oscar Dahlsten","doi":"10.1103/physreve.108.l052105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.108.l052105","url":null,"abstract":"Annealing has proven highly successful in finding minima in a cost landscape. Yet, depending on the landscape, systems often converge towards local minima rather than global ones. In this Letter, we analyze the conditions for which annealing is approximately successful in finite time. We connect annealing to stochastic thermodynamics to derive a general bound on the distance between the system state at the end of the annealing and the ground state of the landscape. This distance depends on the amount of state updates of the system and the accumulation of nonequilibrium energy, two protocol and energy landscape-dependent quantities which we show are in a trade-off relation. We describe how to bound the two quantities both analytically and physically. This offers a general approach to assess the performance of annealing from accessible parameters, both for simulated and physical implementations.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"32 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136348617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Collective effects in flow-driven cell migration 流动驱动细胞迁移中的集体效应
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.054406
Louis González, Andrew Mugler
{"title":"Collective effects in flow-driven cell migration","authors":"Louis González, Andrew Mugler","doi":"10.1103/physreve.108.054406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.108.054406","url":null,"abstract":"Autologous chemotaxis is the process in which cells secrete and detect molecules to determine the direction of fluid flow. Experiments and theory suggest that autologous chemotaxis fails at high cell densities because molecules from other cells interfere with a given cell's signal. We investigate autologous chemotaxis using a three-dimensional Monte Carlo-based motility simulation that couples spatial and temporal gradient sensing with cell-cell repulsion. Surprisingly, we find that when temporal gradient sensing dominates, high-density clusters chemotax faster than individual cells. To explain this observation, we propose a mechanism by which temporal gradient sensing allows cells to form a collective sensory unit. We demonstrate using computational fluid mechanics that that this mechanism indeed allows a cluster of cells to outperform single cells in terms of the detected anisotropy of the signal, a finding that we demonstrate with analytic scaling arguments. Our work suggests that collective autologous chemotaxis at high cell densities is possible and requires only known, ubiquitous cell capabilities.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"45 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136283610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gap solitons and nonlinear Bloch states in Bose-Einstein condensates with current-dependent interactions 具有电流依赖相互作用的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的间隙孤子和非线性布洛赫态
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.053313
Jintao Xu, Qian Jia, Haibo Qiu, Antonio Muñoz Mateo
{"title":"Gap solitons and nonlinear Bloch states in Bose-Einstein condensates with current-dependent interactions","authors":"Jintao Xu, Qian Jia, Haibo Qiu, Antonio Muñoz Mateo","doi":"10.1103/physreva.108.053313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.108.053313","url":null,"abstract":"We show how the chiral properties of Bose-Einstein condensates subject to current-density interactions and loaded in optical lattices can be observed in the realization of nonlinear Bloch states, whose spectrum lacks the usual periodic structure. Chirality is also manifested by spatially localized states, or gap solitons, which are found for positive rotation rates of the lattice at the energy gaps between the linear energy bands, whereas for negative rotations they appear in the semi-infinite gap of the linear spectrum. The stability of extended and localized states is checked through the spectrum of linear excitations and nonlinear time evolution of perturbed states, and the phenomenon of Bloch oscillations is explored. Our results are obtained in quasi-one-dimensional ring geometries with feasible experimental parameters.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"2 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136283644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pseudo electric field and pumping valley current in graphene nanobubbles 石墨烯纳米泡中的赝电场与抽运谷电流
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.108.195418
Naif Hadadi, Adel Belayadi, Ahmed AlRabiah, Ousmane Ly, Collins Ashu Akosa, Michael Vogl, Hocine Bahlouli, Aurelien Manchon, Adel Abbout
{"title":"Pseudo electric field and pumping valley current in graphene nanobubbles","authors":"Naif Hadadi, Adel Belayadi, Ahmed AlRabiah, Ousmane Ly, Collins Ashu Akosa, Michael Vogl, Hocine Bahlouli, Aurelien Manchon, Adel Abbout","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.108.195418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.108.195418","url":null,"abstract":"The extremely high pseudo magnetic field emerging in strained graphene suggests that an oscillating nanodeformation will induce a very high current even without electric bias. In this paper, we demonstrate the subterahertz (THz) dynamics of a valley current and the corresponding charge pumping with a periodically excited nanobubble. We discuss the amplitude of the pseudo electric field and investigate the dependence of the pumped valley current on the different parameters of the system. Finally, we report the signature of extra-harmonics generation in the valley current that might lead to potential modern device development operating in the nonlinear regime.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136283972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Os16+ and Ir17+ ions as candidates for accurate optical clocks sensitive to physics beyond the standard model Os16+和Ir17+离子作为对标准模型之外的物理敏感的精确光学时钟的候选者
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.053111
V. A. Dzuba, V. V. Flambaum
{"title":"Os16+ and Ir17+ ions as candidates for accurate optical clocks sensitive to physics beyond the standard model","authors":"V. A. Dzuba, V. V. Flambaum","doi":"10.1103/physreva.108.053111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.108.053111","url":null,"abstract":"We perform detailed calculations of the electronic structure of the ${mathrm{Os}}^{16+}$ ion and demonstrate that it has several metastable states which can be used for very accurate optical clocks. The clocks are highly sensitive to manifestations of the physics beyond the standard model, such as time variation of the fine-structure constant $ensuremath{alpha}$, interaction with scalar and pseudoscalar (axion) dark matter fields, local Lorentz invariance and local position invariance violations, and interaction of atomic electrons with a nucleus mediated by a new boson. The latter can be studied by analyzing the King plot for isotope shifts and its possible nonlinearities since Os has five stable isotopes with zero nuclear spin. Similar calculations for the ${mathrm{Ir}}^{17+}$ ion spectra demonstrate good agreement between theory and experiment. This helps to validate the method of the calculations and demonstrate that both ions are excellent candidates for the search for new physics.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"21 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) microgel swelling behavior and suspension structure studied with small-angle neutron scattering 用小角中子散射研究了聚N -异丙基丙烯酰胺微凝胶的溶胀行为和悬浮结构
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.054604
B. Zhou, U. Gasser, A. Fernandez-Nieves
{"title":"Poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) microgel swelling behavior and suspension structure studied with small-angle neutron scattering","authors":"B. Zhou, U. Gasser, A. Fernandez-Nieves","doi":"10.1103/physreve.108.054604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.108.054604","url":null,"abstract":"Microgels are of high interest for applications and as model systems due to their volume response to external stimuli. We use small-angle neutron scattering to measure the form and structure factors of poly($N$-isopropylacrylamide) microgels in dilute and concentrated suspensions and find that microgels keep a constant size up to a concentration, above which they deswell. This happens before random-close packing. We emphasize suspension polydispersity must be considered to obtain accurate form and structure factors. Our results are compatible with microgel deswelling triggered by the osmotic pressure set by counterions associated to charged groups in the microgel periphery, which sharply increases when the counterion clouds surrounding the microgels percolate throughout the suspension volume.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136283468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deterministic generation of phononic Fock states via weak nonlinearities 弱非线性声子Fock态的确定性生成
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.053709
Yi-Xuan Ma, Peng-Bo Li
{"title":"Deterministic generation of phononic Fock states via weak nonlinearities","authors":"Yi-Xuan Ma, Peng-Bo Li","doi":"10.1103/physreva.108.053709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.108.053709","url":null,"abstract":"We propose an efficient method to generate single-phonon Fock states by exploiting a previously unidentified phonon blockade mechanism in a hybrid spin-mechanical system. Specifically, this mechanism makes use of arbitrarily weak Duffing nonlinearity to modify matrix elements of an effective phonon excitation process, assisted by both one- and two-phonon drives. The weak Duffing nonlinearity of the phonons is induced by a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center magnetically coupled to a cantilever, while the mechanical parametric driving is realized by modulating the spring constant of the cantilever using a pump. By implementing a time-dependent protocol for the linear and parametric drives, there exists a strict cutoff in the phonon number distribution, resulting in a pure Fock state. Furthermore, the nonclassical nature of the generated state remains robust against dissipations.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"14 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simulating the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition with the complex Langevin algorithm 用复朗格万算法模拟Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless转换
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.053311
Philipp Heinen, Thomas Gasenzer
{"title":"Simulating the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition with the complex Langevin algorithm","authors":"Philipp Heinen, Thomas Gasenzer","doi":"10.1103/physreva.108.053311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.108.053311","url":null,"abstract":"Numerical simulations of the full quantum properties of interacting many-body systems by means of field-theoretic Monte Carlo techniques are often limited due to a sign problem. Here we simulate properties of a dilute two-dimensional Bose gas in the vicinity of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition by means of the complex Langevin (CL) algorithm, thereby extending our previous CL study of the three-dimensional Bose gas to the lower-dimensional case. The purpose of the paper is twofold. On the one hand, it adds to benchmarking of the CL method and thus contributes to further exploring the range of applicability of the method. With the respective results, the universality of the equation of state is recovered, as well as the long-wave-length power-law dependence of the single-particle momentum spectrum below the BKT transition. Analysis of the rotational part of the current density corroborates vortex unbinding in crossing the transition. Beyond these measures of consistency we compute quantum corrections to the critical density and chemical potential in the weakly coupled regime. Our results show a shift of these quantities to lower values as compared to those obtained from classical field theory. It points in the opposite direction as compared to the shift of the critical density found by means of the path-integral Monte Carlo method at larger values of the coupling. Our simulations widen the perspective for precision comparisons with experiment.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"12 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimizing resetting of superconducting qubits 优化超导量子比特的重置
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.052605
Ciro Micheletti Diniz, Rogério Jorge de Assis, Norton G. de Almeida, Celso J. Villas-Boas
{"title":"Optimizing resetting of superconducting qubits","authors":"Ciro Micheletti Diniz, Rogério Jorge de Assis, Norton G. de Almeida, Celso J. Villas-Boas","doi":"10.1103/physreva.108.052605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.108.052605","url":null,"abstract":"Many quantum algorithms demand a large number of repetitions to obtain reliable statistical results. Thus, at each repetition it is necessary to reset the qubits efficiently and precisely in the shortest possible time, so that quantum computers actually have advantages over classical ones. In this work, we perform a detailed analysis of three different models for information resetting in superconducting qubits. Our experimental setup consists of a main qubit coupled to different auxiliary dissipative systems, which are employed in order to perform the erasure of the information of the main qubit. Our analysis shows that it is not enough to increase the coupling and the dissipation rate associated with the auxiliary systems to decrease the resetting time of the main qubit, a fact that motivates us to find the optimal set of parameters for each studied approach, allowing a significant decrease in the reset time of the three models analyzed.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"18 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bound on annealing performance from stochastic thermodynamics, with application to simulated annealing 结合随机热力学的退火性能，并应用于模拟退火
Physical Review Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.054119
Yutong Luo, Yi-Zheng Zhen, Xiangjing Liu, Daniel Ebler, Oscar Dahlsten
{"title":"Bound on annealing performance from stochastic thermodynamics, with application to simulated annealing","authors":"Yutong Luo, Yi-Zheng Zhen, Xiangjing Liu, Daniel Ebler, Oscar Dahlsten","doi":"10.1103/physreve.108.054119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.108.054119","url":null,"abstract":"Annealing is the process of gradually lowering the temperature of a system to guide it towards its lowest energy states. In an accompanying paper [Y. Luo et al., Phys. Rev. E 108, L052105 (2023)], we derived a general bound on annealing performance by connecting annealing with stochastic thermodynamics tools, including a speed limit on state transformation from entropy production. We here describe the derivation of the general bound in detail. In addition, we analyze the case of simulated annealing with Glauber dynamics in depth. We show how to bound the two case-specific quantities appearing in the bound, namely the activity, a measure of the number of microstate jumps, and the change in relative entropy between the state and the instantaneous thermal state, which is due to temperature variation. We exemplify the arguments by numerical simulations on the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) model of spin glasses.","PeriodicalId":20121,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review","volume":"27 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136283086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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