{"title":"Unifying fluidization and defluidization of granular columns.","authors":"L Chupin, O Roche, S van den Wildenberg","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We study air pressure during the fluidization and defluidization of granular columns with the aim to unify the description of these processes. To this end, we perform experiments with different air flow velocities and columns of different heights. The experimental measurements evidence a nonlinear relationship between pressure and the depth in the column. This complex pressure profile challenges the conventional framework of Darcy's law, typically used to analyze airflow in granular columns. We introduce a law that effectively captures these nonlinear effects, occurring even at low particle Reynolds numbers. An advantage of our approach is its applicability to defluidization-a key phenomenon in gravity-driven gas-particle flows. Using this law, we present a model to describe the decrease of air pressure in a defluidizing column, with numerical simulations aligning well with experimental results.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-2","pages":"045421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental verification of one-dimensional models of thermoelectric generators.","authors":"B Chen, Y D Wu, W G Ma, Z Y Guo","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In thermoelectric power generation circuits, one-dimensional models are commonly applied to analyze the energy conversion mechanism and calculate the relationship between various parameters. The two main conclusions derived from the one-dimensional models are as follows: (1) The maximum output power of the loop is achieved when the load is equal to the internal resistance of the thermoelectric element. (2) The source of output power is the Peltier heat flux. Since it is generally believed that the thermoelectric conversion theory is relatively mature, the current research work mainly focuses on finding high-performance thermoelectric materials to improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency, while the experimental verification of thermoelectric conversion theory is less. In this paper, the two main conclusions in the one-dimensional models are verified by the thermal power generation loop composed of Bi_{2}Te_{3} and copper wires. Experiments show that the criterion for the maximum output power in the first conclusion should be modified to be that the load resistance is equal to the sum of the internal resistance of the thermoelectric component in the circuit, the resistance at the junction between the component and the wire, as well as the resistance of the wire itself. Additionally, we also discussed whether the Peltier heat serves as the source of the output power. Therefore, the one-dimensional models of the existing thermoelectric power generation circuit merit reconsideration.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-2","pages":"045506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R Sarkis, N Dumerat, B Schmid, G E M Tovar, M Ramisch
{"title":"Interplay of turbulent transport and Reynolds stress in drift-wave turbulence.","authors":"R Sarkis, N Dumerat, B Schmid, G E M Tovar, M Ramisch","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dynamical interplay between turbulent particle transport (Γ) and Reynolds stress (ℜ) at the edge of toroidal magnetically confined plasmas is experimentally investigated on the basis of the cross-coupling between density and potential fluctuations in drift-wave turbulence. Both Γ and ℜ are found to be temporally anticorrelated, with a dynamical coupling of the density and potential fluctuations as an agent in their interplay. The density-potential coupling is shown for the first time to be dynamically related to the Reynolds stress in agreement with the E×B vortex-tilting mechanism. Consistently, a temporal deterioration of the coupling links the evolution of particle transport to the drop in the Reynolds stress. Small-scale contributions (k_{θ}ρ_{s}>0.6) are shown to play a key role via a mutual stabilization-destabilization process.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-2","pages":"045207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generative modeling through internal high-dimensional chaotic activity.","authors":"Samantha J Fournier, Pierfrancesco Urbani","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Generative modeling aims to produce new data points whose statistical properties resemble those in a training dataset. In recent years, there has been a burst of machine learning techniques and settings that can achieve this goal with remarkable performances. In most of these settings, one uses the training dataset in conjunction with noise, which is added as a source of statistical variability and is essential for the generative task. Here, we explore the idea of using internal chaotic dynamics in high-dimensional chaotic systems as a way to generate new data points from a training dataset. We show that simple learning rules can achieve this goal within a set of vanilla architectures and characterize the quality of the generated data points through standard accuracy measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-2","pages":"045304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yin-Jie Ma, Zhi-Qiang Jiang, Fanshu Fang, Charo I Del Genio, Stefano Boccaletti
{"title":"Reconstructing simplicial complexes from evolutionary games.","authors":"Yin-Jie Ma, Zhi-Qiang Jiang, Fanshu Fang, Charo I Del Genio, Stefano Boccaletti","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In distributed systems, knowledge of the network structure of the connections among the unitary components is often a requirement for an accurate prediction of the emerging collective dynamics. However, in many real-world situations, one has, at best, access to partial connectivity data, and therefore the entire graph structure needs to be reconstructed from a limited number of observations of the dynamical processes that take place on it. While existing studies predominantly focused on reconstructing traditional pairwise networks, higher-order interactions remain largely unexplored. Here we introduce three methods to reconstruct a simplicial complex structure of connection from observations of evolutionary games that take place on it and demonstrate their high accuracy and excellent overall performance in synthetic and empirical complexes. The methods have different requirements and different complexity, thereby constituting a series of approaches from which one can pick the most appropriate one given the specific circumstances of the application under study.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-1","pages":"044304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-propelled motion of induced-charge electrophoretic Janus particles in viscoelastic fluids.","authors":"Keita Saito, Ryunosuke Kawano, Chisato Sadamatsu, Yasutaka Iwashita, Yasuyuki Kimura","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Swimming micro-objects exist in viscoelastic fluids. Elucidating the effect of viscoelasticity on the motion of these objects is important for understanding their behavior. Since the mechanical response of viscoelastic fluids depends on the temporal deformation rate exerted by a moving object, it is necessary to control their speed over a wide range to examine the effect of viscoelasticity. In this study, we examined the motion of Janus particles self-propelled by induced charge electrophoresis over a wide range of speeds in semidilute polymer solutions. In our system, the motion of Janus particles changed from active Brownian motion to stationary rotation as the speed increased. The torque for stationary rotation originates from the difference between the direction of self-propulsion and that of the time-delayed restoring force from the polymer solution, which has been reported in another self-propelled particle system. The switch from active Brownian motion to stationary rotation at different polymer concentrations can be explained by the Weisenberg number, which is defined as the ratio of the relaxation time of the polymer network to the travel time of the Janus particle to its size. The results of this study will lead to a better understanding of the motion of self-propelled micro-objects in viscoelastic fluids.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-2","pages":"045409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guangle Du, David S Dean, Bing Miao, Rudolf Podgornik
{"title":"Repulsive thermal van der Waals interaction in multispecies asymmetric electrolytes driven by external electric fields.","authors":"Guangle Du, David S Dean, Bing Miao, Rudolf Podgornik","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well established that the long-range component of the thermal van der Waals interaction between two semi-infinite dielectrics becomes short-range when an electrolyte is present between them, this is the well known phenomenon of screening. G. Du et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 238002 (2024)0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.133.238002]. showed that for a binary symmetric electrolyte, an electric field parallel to the dielectric boundaries disrupts screening and a long-range thermal repulsive interaction appears. At large applied fields this long-range repulsive interaction can be explained by the fact that the cations and anions have differing average drifts moving in opposite directions, leading to the correlation of charge density fluctuations between the two species to decouple. Here we extend these results to binary electrolytes which are asymmetric as well as electrolytes with more than two ionic species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-1","pages":"044108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Álvaro Meseguer, Juan C Vallejo, Jesús M Seoane, Francisco Marqués, Miguel A F Sanjuán
{"title":"Escaping dynamics of relativistic protons in the Earth's magnetosphere.","authors":"Álvaro Meseguer, Juan C Vallejo, Jesús M Seoane, Francisco Marqués, Miguel A F Sanjuán","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, we study the motion of protons under the influence of the Earth's magnetic field. We investigate the dynamics and topology of invariant spatial regions in two magnetic field models, namely, the dipolar and Luhmann tail configurations. In both cases, we analyze the motion of the protons in the relativistic regime, with kinetic energy intervals in the range 10<E<100MeV. Specifically, we examine situations in which the protons undergo chaotic scattering due to their interaction with the Earth's magnetic field. Additionally, we consider scenarios where the protons, during their interaction, fall onto the Earth's surface. We compare the dipole and Luhmann tail cases by computing the distributions of escape and residence times, the exit basins, and the fractal dimensions of their boundaries. We present a robust symplectic numerical scheme which is suitable for analyzing the impact of the nonlinear effects and the presence of strong sensitivity to initial conditions when the model goes beyond the pure dipolar field. Surprisingly, we uncover a scaling law between the coefficient of the decay law and the energy of the protons. Furthermore, our computation of the fractal dimension of the exit basin boundaries D versus the distance between the protons and the Earth z_{0} reveals a decrease in D as z_{0} increases. We expect this work to be useful for a better understanding of the behavior of protons under the influence of the Earth's magnetic field when they are in the chaotic scattering regime.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-1","pages":"044216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finding influential cores via normalized Ricci flows in directed and undirected hypergraphs with applications.","authors":"Prithviraj Sengupta, Nazanin Azarhooshang, Réka Albert, Bhaskar DasGupta","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many biological and social systems are naturally represented as edge-weighted directed or undirected hypergraphs since they exhibit group interactions involving three or more system units as opposed to pairwise interactions that can be incorporated in graph-theoretic representations. However, finding influential cores in hypergraphs is still not as extensively studied as their graph-theoretic counterparts. To this end, we develop and implement a hypergraph-curvature guided discrete time diffusion process with suitable topological surgeries and edge-weight renormalization procedures for both undirected and directed weighted hypergraphs to find influential cores. We successfully apply our framework for directed hypergraphs to seven metabolic hypergraphs and our framework for undirected hypergraphs to two social (coauthorship) hypergraphs to find influential cores, thereby demonstrating the practical feasibility of our approach. In addition, we prove a theorem showing that a certain edge weight renormalization procedure in a prior research work for Ricci flows for edge-weighted graphs has the undesirable outcome of modifying the edge weights to negative numbers, thereby rendering the procedure impossible to use. This paper formulates algorithmic approaches for finding core(s) of (weighted or unweighted) directed hypergraphs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-1","pages":"044316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First-passage times for generalized heterogeneous telegrapher's processes.","authors":"T Sandev, R K Singh, V Méndez, L Kocarev","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.044105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We consider two different fractional generalizations of the heterogeneous telegrapher's process with and without stochastic resetting. Both governing fractional heterogeneous telegrapher's equations can be obtained from the corresponding standard heterogeneous telegrapher's equations by using the subordination approach. The first-passage time problems are solved analytically for both models by finding the survival probabilities, the first-passage time densities, and the mean first-passage times. We showed that for both cases there are optimal resetting rates for which the mean first-passage times are minimal. The present work carries implications toward our understanding of anomalous diffusion and random search in heterogeneous media.</p>","PeriodicalId":20085,"journal":{"name":"Physical review. E","volume":"111 4-1","pages":"044105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}