{"title":"Grafting Drugs to Functionalized Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes as a Potential Method for Drug Delivery","authors":"Maryam Heidarian, A. Khazaei, J. Saien","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.232018.1775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.232018.1775","url":null,"abstract":"The mesalazine and fluvoxamine drugs were grafted to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for the aim of precise drug delivery. First, carboxylic groups in SWCNT were converted to corresponding acyl chlorides. Next, to attain the formation of amide bonds, acyl chloride-SWCNTs were mixed with chemotherapeutic agents, having NH2 and NH functional groups. Then, the covalently grafted drugs to SWCNT were characterized by UV- visible, IR spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. Finally, the prepared organic compounds were used for releasing drugs at pH: 1.3, which is corresponding to clinical aspects of the human body, and were examined for the potential of drug delivery in patients. Accordingly, the in-vitro kinetic as well as the mechanism of the released drugs were investigated.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"57-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44596103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahdieh Darijani, M. Shahraki, S. Habibi‐Khorassani
{"title":"Interconversions among the E⇆Z-Carotene Isomers: Theoretical Study","authors":"Mahdieh Darijani, M. Shahraki, S. Habibi‐Khorassani","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.242676.1801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.242676.1801","url":null,"abstract":"The Minnesota functionalM062xwith 6-31+G(d, P) basis set has been employed to study interconversions among all-E-, 9Z-, 13Z- and 15Z-β-carotene isomers. Calculations provided essential data concerning the thermodynamic stabilities, the rate constants, activation energies, and HOMO and LUMO of all E⇆Z interconversions of β-carotene. The rate constants for the E⇆Z interconversions have been obtained with the transition-state theory based on the potential energy surface. In terms of energy, all-E-isomer was more stable than the Z-isomers, and the formation of the 9Z-isomer was the slowest interconversion, and raising the temperature increased the rate of interconversions. The tunnelling effect was negligible, and it was not taken into account in determining the rate constant of the E⇆Z interconversions.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"69-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42417436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hadi Niaei, Mohammad Rostamizadeh, Farid Maasumi, Jaber Darabi
{"title":"Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Studies of Methylene Blue Adsorption over Metal-doped Zeolite Nano-adsorbent","authors":"Hadi Niaei, Mohammad Rostamizadeh, Farid Maasumi, Jaber Darabi","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.233844.1781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.233844.1781","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the adsorption of cationic dye by the modified high silica zeolite nano-adsorbent was investigated. The support was prepared hydrothermally and doped by the iron. The morphology, structure, and textural properties of the nano-adsorbents were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, N2 adsorption-desorption, and FE-SEM. The results showed that the nano-adsorbent had a high specific surface area, crystallinity, and pore volume. The maximum adsorption (6.09 mg g-1) was at the pH level of 9.0, 10 mg L-1 of dye concentration, T=25 °C, and 1.0 gL-1 of nano-adsorbent dosage. The kinetic of Methylene blue (MB) adsorption was pseudo-second-order with the high correlation factor (R2=0.99). The MB adsorption was in line with the Langmuir model, as an exothermic and spontaneous process. The results confirmed that the metal-doped high silica ZSM-5 zeolite was an efficient nano-adsorbent for the cationic dye adsorption through wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68048493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kinetics of Corn Oil Methanolysis Reaction over Na-Modified Mesoporous Gamma Alumina Catalyst","authors":"A. Bello, A. Yacob","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.243966.1812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.243966.1812","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding chemical kinetics is fundamental in substantiating the mechanisms of chemical processes, since each catalyst has its unique properties it is essential for kinetic study with introduction of a new catalyst. Mesoporous gamma alumina was doped with various amounts of NaOH, and applied in the methanolysis of corn oil to investigate its kinetic parameters. The catalysts characterization were perfomed through FTIR, N2-sorption, Basic Back Titration, and FESEM analyses. The number of basic sites increased with with amount of NaOH doping. The FESEM image demonstrates the incorporation of Na into the alumina. From the kinetics study, high k value of 0.01561 min-1 was obtained, which was connected to the presence of high level of unsaturated FFA in corn oil. The Ea and A values were 67.7 kJ mol-1 and 8.6 x 108 min-1, respectively. The Ea value indicated that the methanolysis of corn oil was chemically controlled. While higher value of A implied higher probability of successful collisions, justifying the high biodiesel yield. The positive enthalpy implies the methanolysis reaction is endothermic. While negative entropy value proposed an associative mechanism, implying a reversible reaction. Whereas positive Gibb’s free energy suggests non-spontaneous reaction, hence external energy is required for reaction to progress.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"137-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42910770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Mojtaba Mashmoul Moghadam, Amir SHokooh Saljooghi, M. Izadyar
{"title":"Complexation of Modified Deferasirox with Iron Cation in Three-multiplicities: A Theoretical Study on the [SPION-APTMS-DFX-Fe] Nanostructure","authors":"Seyed Mojtaba Mashmoul Moghadam, Amir SHokooh Saljooghi, M. Izadyar","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.228364.1765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.228364.1765","url":null,"abstract":"Iron is one of the most important elements in biological systems and related processes to the oxygen transfer. Although the inadequate level of iron leads to physical disability, a high level of iron also plays a role in several diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Iron chelators are species that facilitate iron removal. Experimental results have shown that iron chelators have strong antiplatelet properties against many cancers. In this study, for the first time, Deferasirox is conjugated to the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with the aid of APTMS linker, yielding iron-ligand complex (ligand= SPION-APTMS-DFX). The terminal methyl groups are considered as the substitutes for nanoparticles. Theoretical calculations were performed at M062X/6-311G(d,p) level to obtain the optimized structures of the iron complex in quintet, triplet, and singlet multiplicities. Natural bond orbital and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analyses were carried out to understand the nature of the complex bond character and electronic transitions in the complexes. The obtained results confirm a high affinity of Deferasirox to iron and show that the bond of metal ion and donor atoms of the ligand is covalent.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"31-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68048424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Nadir, Y. Achour, A. Kassimi, M. E. Himri, M. R. Laamari, M. Haddad
{"title":"Removal of Antibiotic Sulfamethazine from Aqueous Media","authors":"I. Nadir, Y. Achour, A. Kassimi, M. E. Himri, M. R. Laamari, M. Haddad","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.249992.1839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.249992.1839","url":null,"abstract":"The removal efficiency of Sulfamethazine as a representative antibiotic (SMT) on a new and eco-friendly activated carbon provided from watermelon seeds species as adsorbent has been studied in simple systems. Some experimental parameters, namely the pH, the amount of adsorbent and the contact time are studied. The results showed that the weak chemical bond (π-π EDA interaction) dominated the sorption of SMT to watermelon seeds. The present adsorbent played an important role in the sorption of SMT, leading to a higher sorption capacity onto watermelon seeds (90.78 mg/g). The solvent effect is been studied to show that the electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) interaction is the main adsorption mechanism of SMT antibiotic and that adsorption capacity increases with the increase of dipole moment of solvents. A kinetic study showed that the removal efficiency process followed the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm was the best model to fit and describe the phenomenon in the single system.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"165-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68048673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Perlite-calcium Alginate-activated Carbon Composite as an Efficient Adsorbent for the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions","authors":"M. Chegeni, S. Etemadpour, M. Fekri","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.232973.1779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.232973.1779","url":null,"abstract":"To remove dyes from wastewater, the perlite-calcium alginate–activated carbon (PCA) composite was prepared by a simple method. This composite was characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and BET techniques. A high capacity of PCA was observed for the adsorption of some dyes such as methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solutions (1111 and 909 mg g-1). The best results were achieved at pHs (3 and 8), dyes initial doses (8 and 10 ppm), adsorbent dose (0.008 and 0.01), time (60 min) and temperature (15-20 ⁰C) for MO and MB. The adsorption of MB and MO on the as-prepared PCA was matched by pseudo-second order model and corresponded to the Langmuir isotherm. Under optimum adsorption conditions, the yield of adsorption was obtained for MB and MO. Results indicated that PCA can be a good candidate for adsorption of dyes. The proposed green chemistry-based preparation method is simple, economical, and more reusable compared to the individual application of primary materials.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"121 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68048483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Catalytic Behavior of Co/Al2O3 Nanocatalyst under External Magnetic Field","authors":"P. Nikparsa, Amirhosein Nikparsa, A. Mirzaei","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.226018.1753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.226018.1753","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic behavior of Co/Al2O3 catalyst in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is performed using a magnetically fixed bed reactor. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) method, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) method are used to analyze the catalyst. Magnetic field of 0.015 T is suggested for CO hydrogenation on Co/Al2O3 catalyst with fixed bed reactor. Significant effects of magnetic fields are observed in the FT reaction of CO hydrogenation over Co/Al2O3 catalyst. The CO conversion value increases from 78% to 86% at 250 oC with external magnetic field. The apparent activation energy of FT reaction (102.33kJ/mol without external magnetic field) is reduced (96.45 kJ/mol with applying external magnetic field), and the catalytic activity of Co/Al2O3 catalyst is improved by applying the external magnetic fields during FT process at low temperatures (200-250 oC). The results indicated that the external magnetic fields improved both the rate of reaction and catalytic selectivity to desired hydrocarbons on Co/Al2O3 catalyst.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"645-656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47605665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Flame Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticles","authors":"M. Izadi, H. Sabzyan","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.224867.1748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.224867.1748","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive molecular dynamics simulations (RMDS) with the ReaxFF force field are used to study nucleation and growth of silica nanoparticles during flame synthesis from tetramethoxysilane (TMOS). Two reactive systems (A & B) are considered and formation and/or consumption of various reactants, intermediates and products are followed. In the RMDSs of system A (TMOS, O2, SiO2, and Ar), the temperature-dependence of the formation of initial SimOn seeds show that formation of transient SiO3C3H9 intermediate is an important stage in the conversion of TMOS to the initial SimOn seeds, which then aggregate to produce silica nanoparticles. Increasing temperature speeds up this conversion. Results of the RMDSs on system B (TMOS, O2, Ar, and {SimOn}; the SimOn seeds play the role of initial silica nanoparticles) show that at 2100 K, weak EFs (~1 V/A) narrows the size distribution of the silica nanoparticles compared to that in the absence of EF while by application of stronger EFs (4-8 V/A), the initial SimOn nanoparticles split into smaller species. In the absence of EF, increasing temperature from 1500 K to 3000 K increases sizes of the nanoparticles. The radial distribution functions, coordination numbers, and atomic compositions are used to characterize nanoparticles and evolution of the reaction.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"629-644"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42336112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vivek Pathania, Shrutila Sharma, S. K. Vermani, B. K. Vermani, Navya Grover
{"title":"Estimating the Acoustical Parameters and Molecular Interactions of n-Butylammonium perchlorate in Mixed Organic Solvents in the Temperature Range 298-328 K","authors":"Vivek Pathania, Shrutila Sharma, S. K. Vermani, B. K. Vermani, Navya Grover","doi":"10.22036/PCR.2020.229730.1772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22036/PCR.2020.229730.1772","url":null,"abstract":"A study of the interactions in non-aqueous system containing n-Butylammonium perchlorate is presented. The densities and ultrasonic velocities of n-Butylammonium perchlorate in binary mixtures of Acetonitrile and Dimethylsulfoxide at the temperature range from 298 to 328K under atmospheric pressure were measured. The binary mixtures contain 20, 40, 60 and 80 mol% of Dimethylsulfoxide and the concentration range taken is from 0.03-0.28 mol kg-1. Anton Paar density and sound velocity meter was used for measurement of densities and ultrasonic velocities. The experimental data have been employed to calculate various acoustical parameters like isentropic compressibility (βs), intermolecular free length (Lf), relaxation strength (r), specific acoustic impedance (Z), relative association (RA), Wada’s constant (W), Rao’s constant (R), Vander walls constant (b), molar volume (Vm) and free volume (Vf). The results of the derived acoustical parameters have been discussed as a function of salt concentration, solvent composition and temperature. Overall results shows appreciable solute-solvent interactions in Dimethylsulphoxide rich region of the binary mixtures studied and the extent of these interactions have been found to be decreasing with rise in temperature.","PeriodicalId":20084,"journal":{"name":"Physical Chemistry Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"737-753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44714153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}