Physiological Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Postembryonic development of the predatory strike mechanics in a praying mantis (Insecta: Mantodea)","authors":"Thies H. Büscher,&nbsp;Fabian Bäumler,&nbsp;Stanislav N. Gorb,&nbsp;Sebastian Büsse","doi":"10.1111/phen.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the best-known examples of prey-capturing devices in insects is the predatory forelegs of praying mantises. Their efficiency depends on both kinematic (structure and metrics of leg segments) and kinetic (muscular propulsion) parameters. Both aspects are subject to specific size-scaling relationships. Throughout their postembryonic development, mantises undergo a drastic increase in size while retaining a comparably consistent appearance. Size-related sexual dimorphism may cause similar effects on the prey-capturing dynamics between the sexes. Due to the different scaling relationships between linear (segment lengths), area (muscle cross-section) and cubic (body volume or mass) parameters, compensatory changes in either morphology or behaviour are expected to occur. We investigated the changes of the predatory strike in the mantis <i>Hierodula majuscula</i> throughout its postembryonic development and in light of sexual dimorphism in this species, using high-speed videography and striking force measurements. We measured the impact force of the forelegs of different stages and the strike durations, joint angle changes and velocities during the movement sequences of their strikes. We show that striking forces grow hyperallometrically (to the power of 0.81) with the body weight across the stages. An increasing force was associated with an increase in the tangential velocity of the tibia. In larger animals, the duration of the sweeping phase of the strike increases with the decrease in angular velocities of the leg joints. Interestingly, the striking forces changed differently across stages and sexes over consecutive days without catching success, with increasing force in all animals except for adult males, indicating varying nutritional demands in the respective groups. These results elucidate the relationship between growth physiology and the corresponding kinematic and kinetic implications during the development of this hemimetabolous predator.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"377-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/phen.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semiochemicals from coccinellid beetles modulate feeding attributes, reproductive parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities in Parthenium beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister","authors":"Priyanka Yadav,&nbsp;Prema Haldhar,&nbsp;Parinita Singh,&nbsp;Tamal Das,&nbsp;Bhupendra Kumar","doi":"10.1111/phen.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parthenium is a toxic invasive weed that widely infests agroecosystems worldwide. It hosts both phytophagous chrysomelid beetles used as biocontrol agents and the predaceous coccinellid beetles. This study evaluated reproductive traits, nutrient assimilation and antioxidant enzyme activities of the Parthenium beetle, <i>Zygogramma bicolorata</i> Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the presence of semiochemical tracks left by coccinellid beetles. Results revealed that the presence of coccinellid semiochemical tracks on the weed significantly reduced fecundity and egg viability in <i>Z. bicolorata</i> females. Age-specific fecundity and egg viability followed a triangular pattern, with exposed females reaching peak oviposition and maximum egg viability earlier than unexposed females. Females exposed to semiochemical tracks also showed lower assimilation of triglycerides, glucose and proteins compared to those not exposed. Triglyceride assimilation increased with age, whereas glucose and protein assimilation declined. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were higher in the absence of semiochemical tracks, while lipid peroxidation (LPO) was elevated in their presence. SOD and CAT activities initially increased with age in both control and experimental setups but declined in older females. In contrast, LPO activity increased initially and then declined with age in the control group but continued to rise with age in the experimental setups. The feeding deterrent effects of semiochemical tracks were species-specific. Overall, these findings indicate that coccinellid semiochemical tracks on Parthenium interfere with the biological control efficacy of <i>Z. bicolorata</i> females.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"420-427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multifaceted effects of Melia azedarach leaf extract on Galleria mellonella: Enzymatic, histological and ultrastructural investigations","authors":"Zeinab A. El-Moaty,&nbsp;Helmy A. Aamer,&nbsp;Najla M. Albishi,&nbsp;Najla Khaled Al Abdulsalam,&nbsp;Maryam N. ALNasser,&nbsp;Maria Augustyniak,&nbsp;Lamia M. El-Samad,&nbsp;Neama A. Aamer","doi":"10.1111/phen.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rising demand for sustainable pest management has increased interest in plant-derived biopesticides as environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic insecticides. This research assessed the insecticidal potential of <i>Melia azedarach</i> leaf extract (MLE) against <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae through comprehensive phytochemical, toxicological and physiological analyses. Phytochemical screening indicated substantial polyphenolic content with total phenolic (42.06 ± 1.12 mg GAE/g), flavonoid (16.96 ± 1.42 mg QE/g) and condensed tannin (9.46 ± 0.49 mg CE/g) contents. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis detected 16 phenolic and flavonoid substances, with kaempferol and quercetin as major constituents. Acute toxicity assessment via ingestion demonstrated dose-dependent mortality with an LD₅₀/10 days of 1.39 mg g⁻¹ body weight. Sublethal exposure (LD₂₅) markedly disrupted developmental parameters, prolonging larval and pupal development and diminishing pupal weight and fecundity. All investigated midgut enzymes showed significant activity decline, with lysozyme exhibiting the most pronounced reduction (68.13%); carbohydrate digestive enzyme activity (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase) reduced in the range of 42%–60%, while protein digestive enzyme activity (trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, cysteine protease, leucine aminopeptidase) reduction was in the range of 34%–53%. Histological and ultrastructural analyses demonstrated extensive midgut epithelial damage, including vacuolization, cellular degeneration and microvilli disruption. Thus, <i>M. azedarach</i> seems to possess a battery of insecticidal mechanisms that establish it as an eco-friendly biocontrol agent under integrated pest management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"460-475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of blood meals and mating on biodemographic characteristics of Aedes albopictus","authors":"Georgios D. Mastronikolos,&nbsp;Nikos T. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.1111/phen.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Asian tiger mosquito <i>Aedes</i> (Stegomyia) <i>albopictus</i> (Diptera: Culicidae) is found in peri-urban environments and transmits pathogenetic arboviruses such as Zika, chikungunya and dengue. It is anthropophilic and feeds during the day. The blood is necessary for egg production. The purpose of the present paper was to study the effect of mating on the lifespan of adults (males and females) of <i>Ae. albopictus</i> as well as the effect of blood meal frequency (zero, one and two meals) on the biodemographic characteristics: lifespan, egg production, number of pupae, pupation percentage, number of male offsprings, number of female offsprings, ratio of male/female offsprings. The population was collected at the vicinity of Volos and Larissa, Thessaly, Greece and the experiments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. Lifespan did not differ between unmated and mated males and females. The number of blood meals (one and two) significantly reduced adult lifespan compared with those with no blood meal. The second blood meal doubled egg production. The knowledge of the biology of mosquitoes and especially the effect of blood meal provides valuable information for the development of mosquito population models and effective mosquito control programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"446-459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/phen.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traffic noise leads to cardiac stress reactions in two urban-tolerant Trichonephila spiders, but in different ways","authors":"Erin E. Grabarczyk,&nbsp;Ella Blakely,&nbsp;Beraca G. Cornely,&nbsp;Marianoelle Rivera,&nbsp;Andrew K. Davis","doi":"10.1111/phen.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human-generated traffic noise can increase stress levels in wild animals, which may underlie fitness declines. And prior exposure to noise may influence an individual's response. While much research has examined noise-induced stress on vertebrates, much less is known regarding invertebrates. We tested the hypothesis that traffic noise affects spider stress. To accomplish this, we measured heart rate elevations in two orb-weaving <i>Trichonephila</i> spiders in the United States, the non-native jorō spider (<i>Trichonephila clavata</i>) and the golden silk spider (<i>Trichonephila clavipes</i>). Mature females were captured along roads at natural areas with either prior exposure to loud noise with high daily traffic patterns or quiet sites with low daily traffic patterns and housed in clear containers in a lab. For traffic noise playbacks, we broadcast a simulated pink noise signal at captive spiders and monitored their heart rate via contractions of the dorsal vessel, which we monitored remotely by a high-magnification video. Jorō spiders with prior exposure to loud traffic had the largest increase in heart rate. In contrast, the magnitude of heart rate change for golden silk spiders was predicted by baseline heart rates, regardless of prior noise exposure. Despite the change in heart rate, for both species, observed elevations following exposure to traffic noise were less than that observed when they were subjected to severe stress. Thus, our research adds to a growing body of literature that shows orb-weaving <i>Trichonephila</i> spiders tend to be resilient to anthropogenic disturbance, and their mild stress responses may underlie their ability to cope with human-generated environmental change.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"476-483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ontogenetic regulation of cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and oviposition geometry in the spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus","authors":"Thangavel Boopathi,&nbsp;Nitta Anusha,&nbsp;Anugonda Tejaswini,&nbsp;Jayavaram Gnana Prasuna,&nbsp;Kandala Divya","doi":"10.1111/phen.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The insect cuticle is a dynamic physiological interface that integrates structural and chemical traits to mediate interactions with the environment. In the polyphagous whitefly <i>Aleurodicus dispersus</i>, reproduction involves the deposition of eggs in wax-embedded spirals, yet the physiological coordination of these surface traits across life-history transitions remains poorly understood. This study integrates developmental morphometrics, host-resolved behavioural assays and gas-chromatographic profiling of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) to examine the functional organisation of the <i>A. dispersus</i> surface. Morphometric analysis revealed pronounced sexual dimorphism and directional asymmetry in sensory and flight structures, with large effect sizes supporting these differences, reflecting sex-specific physiological investment in dispersal versus fecundity. Oviposition geometry exhibited significant behavioural plasticity, with regular spiral formation declining sharply as a function of infestation age and host-plant identity, including the occurrence of fragmented and overlapping spiral patterns at later infestation stages. CHC profiles, identified primarily based on retention time comparison with n-alkane standards (C₈–C₃₀) and extrapolated retention patterns for longer chains (e.g., C₃₂–C₃₆), demonstrated clear developmental structuring, with compound assignments considered putative in the absence of GC–MS confirmation. Mobile feeding stages and adults were dominated by short-chain hydrocarbons (C₈–C₁₀), while immobile eggs and pupae selectively accumulated long-chain compounds (C₂₇–C₃₆). Multivariate analyses confirmed a clear chemical separation between life stages based on mobility, indicating systematic developmental reorganisation of surface chemistry. The observed association between hydrocarbon chain length and inferred barrier properties is consistent with established physicochemical principles rather than directly measured functional outcomes, and functional implications should be interpreted cautiously in the absence of direct permeability or water-loss measurements. These findings provide a physiological framework for understanding how invasive generalist insects may modulate their external interface to support shifting reproductive and survival requirements across the life cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"495-509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary fatty acids as partial determinants of cuticular wax profiles in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)","authors":"Subhadeep Das,&nbsp;Avishek Dolai,&nbsp;Oishika Chatterjee,&nbsp;Riya Saha,&nbsp;Pritom Das,&nbsp;Sourav Manna","doi":"10.1111/phen.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cuticular waxes are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons and other lipophilic compounds that form an outer protective layer over the insect cuticle, playing a role in ecological interactions as well as physiological processes. While the composition of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) is largely genetically determined, several studies have linked diet to CHCs, and limited research indicates a potential influence of dietary fatty acids. Considering this, the current work investigates the effect of nine cereal flours, that is, wheat, rice, maize, barley, oat, ragi, sorghum, soybean and gram, each with a distinct fatty acid composition, on the cuticular wax profile of <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), a globally significant stored grain insect. Fatty acid compositions of the nine flours and the cuticular waxes from the beetle populations reared on each diet were characterized using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In all the beetle populations, the most abundant compound was 1-pentadecene, followed by cis-9-tetradecen-1-ol and 1-heptadecene, irrespective of the diet. While no qualitative differences in cuticular wax composition were found, significant quantitative variation in cuticular wax profile was observed across dietary groups. Similarity percentage (SIMPER) analysis revealed a cumulative Bray–Curtis dissimilarity of 47.72% among the flour samples based on their fatty acid profiles, and a dissimilarity of 18.51% among <i>T. castaneum</i> populations reared on these flours based on their cuticular wax composition. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) further indicated substantial variation in the cuticular wax profiles of beetle populations raised on different dietary sources. Pearson's correlation analysis between the concentrations of individual cuticular wax components and the fatty acid content of the respective diets demonstrated strong correlations between specific cuticular compounds and dietary fatty acids. Notably, levels of 1-pentadecene in the beetle cuticle were strongly associated with the concentrations of hexadecanoic and octadecanoic acids in the flours. These results support the hypothesis that, alongside endogenous conserved biosynthetic pathways, dietary fatty acid composition contributes to the modulation of insect cuticular chemistry. This dietary influence may have important implications for understanding insect ecological plasticity and diet-mediated changes in surface chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"510-525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voltinism of the wild mulberry silkmoth, Bombyx mandarina (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), is defined by spring temperature and autumn daylength in Japan","authors":"Natuo Kômoto,&nbsp;Hiroki Sakaguchi,&nbsp;Akihiro Wada,&nbsp;Kenji Yukuhiro,&nbsp;Makoto Kiuchi,&nbsp;Masatoshi Nakamura,&nbsp;Nobuo Kuwabara,&nbsp;Yu Kaneko,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Hiruma,&nbsp;Nobuo Mizutani,&nbsp;Masanobu Itoh,&nbsp;Shuichiro Tomita","doi":"10.1111/phen.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to elucidate how temperature and photoperiod interact across the annual lifecycle of the wild mulberry silkmoth, <i>Bombyx mandarina</i> (Moore) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), to determine the timing of generations and geographic variation in voltinism. We investigated the seasonal prevalence of <i>B. mandarina</i> across eight regions in Japan with a broad latitudinal and altitudinal range. Two peaks of occurrence were observed in cooler areas, while three peaks were found in warmer areas. The timing of the first occurrence was closely associated with spring temperature, leading to delayed emergence in cooler areas. Given that <i>B. mandarina</i> lays diapause eggs when exposed to short daylength conditions during the larval stage, the occurrence of a third generation depends on whether second-generation larvae encounter daylengths longer than the critical threshold for diapause induction. In warmer regions, this condition was fulfilled, allowing a third generation to occur; in cooler regions, diapause induction in the second generation prevented further development. Our extensive field observations demonstrate that voltinism in <i>B. mandarina</i> is determined by the combination of spring temperature, which governs the timing of the first-generation occurrence, and autumn daylength, which determines the egg diapause and termination of annual life cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"484-494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress in honey bees (Apis mellifera) and small carpenter bees (Ceratina calcarata) across different landscapes","authors":"Keiana Briscoe,&nbsp;Mia Byarlay,&nbsp;Rameshwor Pudasaini,&nbsp;Reed Johnson,&nbsp;Sandra Rehan,&nbsp;Hongmei Li-Byarlay","doi":"10.1111/phen.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oxidative stress (OX) is a state of imbalance between antioxidants and reactive oxygen species, which are the byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. Honey bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) and small carpenter bees (<i>Ceratina calcarata</i>) are two important pollinators. However, it is unclear how pollinators respond to the abiotic stress in different landscapes at different management levels. Conventional, organic and roadside use different pesticides and pest control management practices. The roadside landscape habitats are unmanaged systems with potentially minimum exposure to agrochemicals and high traffic-related pollutants. Conventional farms represent direct agrochemical inputs, and organic farms restrict synthetic pesticide usage. Oxidative stress as levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation was quantified in individual bees of adult and larval stages and among three landscapes. Furthermore, pesticide residues were determined using chromatographic analysis. Results from the lipid assay show that bees collected from organic and roadside landscapes exhibited the lowest and highest OX levels, respectively. The protein carbonylation assay indicated a significant difference between conventional and organic farms. Similarly, a greater number of pesticides were detected in conventional farms compared to other habitats. Overall, these findings show that variation in pesticide residue profiles across landscapes is associated with different OX responses in bees, which will be a valuable foundation for monitoring pollinator health across different landscapes. It also showed that small carpenter bee is an emerging model system to study OX and insect physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"526-536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/phen.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical and antioxidant responses of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) larvae to streptomycin exposure","authors":"Serkan Sugeçti","doi":"10.1111/phen.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/phen.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The extensive use of conventional insecticides for pest management has raised concerns due to their adverse effects on non-target organisms, environmental persistence and health risks to mammals. Identifying alternative control agents with lower ecological impact has therefore become a priority. In this study, the ecotoxicological effects of streptomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with low mammalian toxicity, were evaluated in larvae of <i>Cydia pomonella</i>, a major agricultural pest. Biochemical assays revealed significant increases in the activities of transferase enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT) and metabolic enzymes (LDH, ALP, CK, AMYL) following streptomycin exposure, indicating cellular damage and disruption of energy metabolism. Moreover, non-enzymatic antioxidant levels were significantly altered. Albumin and bilirubin-related tetrapyrrole levels increased, whereas uric acid decreased. These findings demonstrate that streptomycin interferes with both metabolic and antioxidant defence systems in <i>C. pomonella</i>. While streptomycin shows potential as a chemical tool for codling moth control, its broader ecological consequences must be considered before large-scale application.</p>","PeriodicalId":20081,"journal":{"name":"Physiological Entomology","volume":"51 3","pages":"428-434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}