{"title":"Erythrocyte indices changes analysis in dogs with sensitive digestion","authors":"L. Karpenko, A. Bakhta, P. Pogodaeva, P. Bokhan","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.200","url":null,"abstract":"According to the literature, sensitive digestion in dogs is quite common. About 25% of visits to veterinary clinics are related to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Sensitive digestion is a feature of the gastrointestinal tract associated with the body’s intolerance to any substances. As a rule, this condition is accompanied by disruption of enzymatic processes in the gastrointestinal tract, deterioration of absorption in the intestine and diarrhea. A clinical blood test allows you to evaluate the number and morphology of red blood cells, the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood, the hematocrit value and a number of red blood cell indices that reflect the physical characteristics of red blood cells. With a comprehensive assessment, these indicators give an idea of the presence or absence of anemia and dehydration, and also allow one to assess the degree of their severity. Changes in red blood levels during sensitive digestion are usually explained by a lack of vitamins and microelements, which develops as a result of decreased digestibility of food, as well as losses of fluid and nutrients as a result of diarrhea. In this article, red blood parameters in a group of dogs with sensitive digestion are assessed using standard hematological testing techniques to obtain baseline data and compare these indicators with the results that will be obtained after correcting the condition of the gastrointestinal tract with specially designed therapeutic diets.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of biochemical indicators of blood serum of lactating sows when using “Liquafide”","authors":"D. N. Ivanov, A. Filatov, A. Sapozhnikov","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.177","url":null,"abstract":"Modern industrial pig farming involves the intensification of production and the search of methods to reduce costs in the production of pork, observing veterinary and sanitary requirements. All this is aimed at solving the issue of food security of the country and solving the issue of import substitution. Nevertheless, the intensification of pig farming is accompanied by a violation of the physiological needs of the animal's body, as well as a decrease in its resistance and exacerbation of existing diseases. A healthy metabolism in the body of lactating sows lays the foundation for the further health and productivity of her offspring. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of different doses of the «LikvaFid» supplemental nutrition complex on the biochemical parameters of the blood of sows during lactation. During the experiment, biochemical parameters were analyzed: total protein, albumins, globulins, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, total cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper. To conduct the experiment, 4 groups of analogues were formed from sows with a history of 2 to 5 farrowing. The first experimental group (n = 10) of sows received the probiotic additive «LikvaFid» at a dose of 40 g, the second (n = 10) – 50 g and the third (n = 10) – 60 g per 1 ton of consumed water. The animals of the intact group (n=10) did not receive a probiotic supplement. Blood sampling from all sows was performed once from the jugular vein before weaning the young. According to the results of the study, it was found that the use of different doses of the probiotic complex «LikvaFid» to sows during lactation has a beneficial effect on the biochemical parameters of blood serum. The studied indicators characterizing protein and lipid metabolism mainly did not go beyond the reference values, which indicates the physiological course of metabolic processes in the body of sows. Against the background of the use of «LikvaFid», hepatocellular metabolism is normalized and the concentration of vital micro- and macronutrients increases. Positive changes in the biochemical composition of sow blood are associated with normalization of the intestinal microbiome and improved absorption of nutrients throughout the gastrointestinal tract.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"46 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the acoustic signaling of turkeys","authors":"S. V. Kozlova, A. I. Lomdo","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.184","url":null,"abstract":"One of the indicators of behavioral activity in response to the impact of environmental factors is acoustic signaling as an element of sound communication of birds. The purpose of the research work was to study acoustic signaling of turkeys of Highbrid Converter cross, grown in conditions of poultry breeding enterprise of Tyumen region. The object of research were turkeys of different groups of different age (1, 12, 41, 56, 69 days) and sex. Loudness of sounds issued by the bird was measured by a noise meter, with fixation of maximum, minimum and average values of sound loudness. Audiometry was carried out in the morning and evening. 76 audiograms were recorded. In the course of background research it was noticed that turkeys constantly make sounds characteristic for the species, communicating among themselves birds do not stop shouting at night, and the noisiest are males. It was found that the average maximum values of loudness level of signals of birds in groups not divided by sex, in 41-day-old birds (81.3 dB) in the evening and in day-old chicks (71.6 dB) in the morning. In 41-day-old birds, the loudness level of acoustic signaling increases (by 5.2 dB) toward evening, and in dayold birds, loudness is 5.1 dB lower in the evening than in the morning. The amplitude of loudness increase has a sharp character. At the same time, the signal volume of day-old chicks in the morning has maximum values (82.0 dB), which are also found in the groups of older chicks (69 days). However, in the evening, the maximum values of day-old chicks' buzzer loudness decrease by 11.5 dB. In groups of chicks separated by sex at 56 days of age, the acoustic signals of males are louder (by 1.2 dB), both in the morning and in the evening (by 1.3 dB). It was also found that the loudness level in both the group of males (by 3.8 dB) and females (by 3.7 dB) increased towards evening. In the group of 69 day-old turkeys, female signals were 1 dB louder than male signals in the evening. Maximum loudness values were recorded in the male group (85.5 dB, 86.4 dB, 87.4 dB). ","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Right coronary artery of the Eurasian lynx","authors":"V. Khvatov, M. Shchipakin","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.203","url":null,"abstract":"The Eurasian lynx is widely popular among wild feline animals. It is often the object of domestication and it is bred on fur farms for the extraction of fur products. Heart vascularization in domestic and wild mammalian animals has not been studied enough and is still an urgent area of research, our goal was to study the anatomy of the left coronary artery of the Eurasian lynx heart and establish its anatomical and topographic patterns. To study the anatomy of the heart, the corpses of the Eurasian lynx were taken at the age of two or three years. In total, five corpses of the Eurasian lynx were examined. Cadaver material was delivered from private fur farms of the Leningrad and Moscow regions to the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. To study the vascularization of the heart of the studied animals, classical and modern anatomical techniques were carried out, such as fine anatomical dissection and the manufacture of corrosive preparations using latex. According to the results of the study, it was found that the left coronary artery in the Eurasian lynx is sufficiently developed and supplies blood to the structures of the left and right half of the heart, and the subsinuous artery does not belong to the branches of the left coronary artery, in connection with which it can be concluded that the uniform type of blood supply in the Eurasian lynx. The results of the study can be used by veterinary specialists, in particular surgeons, to establish operative access to the heart in the form of a pattern of branching of the left coronary artery of the heart in the Eurasian lynx.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"58 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studying the relationship of liver transaminases and alkaline phosphatase with the activity of gammaglutamyltransferase in horses","authors":"S. Vasileva","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.167","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a comparison of the activity of indicator enzymes of the hepatobiliary system in horses - alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) with the activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). The results of a biochemical blood test were grouped according to the activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase and, in connection with this, 4 groups were formed with an enzyme activity step of 10 IU/l. When conducting a correlation analysis, a strong positive relationship was revealed between the level of GGT and AST (r = 0.97) and ALP (r = 0.88), and when comparing GGT and ALT, a moderate positive relationship was found (r = 0.64). The absence of natural changes in ALT activity with increasing GGT is explained by the induction of the enzyme to ensure the optimal rate of transamination in metabolic reactions, and not a consequence of liver pathology. A statistically significant increase in AST and ALP activity was found in the group with GGT activity exceeding standard limits, compared with the minimum values by 59.1% and 29.7%, respectively (P<0.05). An increase in GGT activity above the upper limit of the reference limits is accompanied by a significant increase in aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels, which indicates the presence of pathology of the hepatobiliary system involving both the liver parenchyma and the biliary tract.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphometric studies of the skin of adult cows","authors":"A. Shafiev, A. A. Kudryashov, D. I. Safronov","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.210","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The skin of cattle consists of the epidermis and dermis. The dermis, or the skin itself, in turn consists of papillary and mesh layers. However, in the literature we have not found studies on the morphometry of different topographic areas of the skin of cattle. The aim of the study is to conduct comparative morphometric studies of the skin of various topographic zones in adult cows.Methods. For morphometric studies, histological preparations prepared according to the generally accepted method from skin samples of different topographic areas in adult cows were used. The research was carried out at the of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Veterinary Medicine and at the Department of Biology, Ecology and Histology. Morphometric studies of histological preparations were used to study the thickness of the dermis proper, as well as bundles of collagen fibers of the mesh layer of the dermis. The results of the studies were processed using the \"Biostat\" program.Results. Morphological features of the skin of different topographic areas in adult cows have been established, which are manifested by differences in the thickness of the skin layers and bundles of collagen fibers of the dermis. The morphometry performed allows us to expand the data on the morphological structure of the skin of adult cows.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"70 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphological features of the structure of the taste budden in the African claria catfish","authors":"E. S. Grinyuk, M. E. Mkrtchyan","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.170","url":null,"abstract":"The taste organs have a species-specific structure in different animal species. The development of the taste bud in different species of fish occurs at different periods of ontogenesis. The purpose of our work was to study the morphological features of the structure of the taste bud in Clarias gariepinus. Analysis of our studies made it possible to determine the histological features of the structure of the mucous membrane of the esophageal wall. The taste bud is an important structure in the digestive system of the African clary catfish. It is round in shape and consists of specialized cells that have a number of features, each of which has a specific function. In the region of the taste pore at the apical pole, neurosensory cells are equipped with cilia, through which the signal is transmitted to the afferent nerve fiber. The data obtained can be used to study the microstructure of Clarias gariepinus organs, as well as to determine taste preferences, which will allow optimizing the operation of enterprises producing feed and therapeutic and prophylactic drugs for these fish species.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bokarev, A. O. Minina, R. D. Kholodny, E. Pilipets
{"title":"The effect of the height of filling the tubes with blood on the quantitative indicators of the resulting platelet plasma","authors":"A. Bokarev, A. O. Minina, R. D. Kholodny, E. Pilipets","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.161","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between the height of filling of test tubes with blood and quantitative indicators of platelet plasma obtained by centrifugation was studied on blood samples of Wistar rats. The test tube filling height of 6.0 cm and 3.0 cm was chosen as the comparison criteria. In combination with another criterion, such as the volume of blood placed in a test tube, a total of four (4) variants of platelet plasma production were investigated and analyzed. In the first variant (No. 1), the tubes contained 4.0 ml of blood, the height of filling the tubes was 6.0 cm. In the second variant (No. 2), the tubes contained 2.0 ml of blood, the filling height of the tubes was 3.0 cm. In the third variant (No. 3), insulin syringes were used, which contained 1.0 ml of blood, their filling height was 6.0 cm. In the fourth variant (No. 4), insulin syringes were also used, which contained 0.5 ml of blood, their filling height was 3.0 cm. All test tubes/syringes were centrifuged in the same mode (3000 rpm – 1.0 min + 1000 rpm – 10.0 min) on an OPN-3 centrifuge with a bucket rotor. Further, the concentration of platelets in the separated plasma was immediately determined at different distances from the upper layer of the erythrocyte sediment. Then the plasma was completely sampled, the platelet concentration and its volume were determined. The results were processed by methods of variational statistics. Analysis of the results showed that in variants No. 1 and No. 3, the concentration of platelets in the resulting plasma was almost 30% and 10% higher than in variants No. 2 and No. 4, respectively. Considering that the total amount of plasma obtained, expressed as a percentage relative to the initial amount of blood, was approximately the same in all variants, it can be concluded that a higher level of filling of test tubes with blood before centrifugation makes it possible to obtain plasma more saturated with platelets.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"146 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Macromorphological structure of the brain of the Nile Poetter (Rousettus aegyptiacus)","authors":"N. Zelenevsky, S. V. Borisov, V. Khvatov","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.173","url":null,"abstract":"The nervous system is one of the leading integrating systems of the body. In combination with the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, it unites the body into a single whole. The nervous system controls the level of adaptive reactions of a living organism to changing environmental conditions. The Nile bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) is a typical representative of the order bats. The purpose of our study is to study the macromorphology of individual anatomical structures of the brain of the Nile bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus). The material for the study was four different-sex animals of the Nile bat species (Rousettus aegyptiacus) aged 10-14 years, obtained from private veterinary clinics. The methods for studying the brain of the Nile bat were: fine anatomical dissection, morphometry, photographing, weighing. The work was performed on the basis of the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. As a result of the study, it was found that due to the strong development and large size of the auditory posterior tubercles of the quadrilateral, it is possible to judge the predominance of the auditory analyzer, while the anterior tubercles of the quadrilateral have a relatively small size, most of the structures of the visual analyzer are contained in the neocortex. It was found that there is no division of the cerebellar fragment into anatomical structures in the brain, and the size of the flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum in this species is on average 1.30x1.10±0.15x0.10 mm. The absence of pronounced lobes and furrows was revealed, and the Nile bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) belongs to lysencephalic animals. The obtained materials can be used as a reference material for continuing research on the brain of the Nile bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus), as well as in comparative morphology and physiology of humans and animals.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"67 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Kudryashov, I. A. Ovchenkov, V. I. Balabanova
{"title":"Validity of pig lung culling by veterinary rules of animal slaughter NO. 68718 DATED 06/02/2022","authors":"A. A. Kudryashov, I. A. Ovchenkov, V. I. Balabanova","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2023.4.197","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to determine the validity of culling of pigs with morphological changes that occur when stunned before slaughter by carbon dioxide, according to Veterinary Rules of animal slaughter No. 68718 02.06.2022. As the research material, lung samples of 8 healthy slaughter pigs aged 6.5-7.5 months, weighing 95-105 kg, including 3 pigs stunned by electric shock, and from 5 pigs that were stunned by carbon dioxide were used. The samples were fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin. Histological sections were made, they were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. In the lungs of 3 pigs, which were stunned with electric shock and then exsanguinated, during post-slaughter examination, a uniform staining of the organ in light red color, elastic consistency was established, which corresponded to a normal lung. In the lungs of 5 pigs, which were stunned with carbon dioxide and then exsanguinated, heterogeneous staining was established during post-slaughter examination; there were areas of dark red color and compacted consistency, frothy liquid was released from the surface of the incision. In histological preparations of the lungs of pigs that were stunned with carbon dioxide, edema of the alveoli and congestive hyperemia of blood vessels were detected, which should be recognized as the result of insufficient exsanguination. In histological preparations of the lungs of pigs, which were stunned with electric shock, fullness of blood vessels and pulmonary alveolar edema were found. The rules of veterinary and sanitary examination do not indicate the culling of lungs with hyperemia and edema, that is, they are not subject to disposal and destruction. Assuming the exact execution of directive documents and careful treatment of animal slaughter products, it makes sense to officially recognize such lungs as either subject to destruction or suitable for a certain use.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"44 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}