Pharmaceutical Research最新文献

{"title":"Alternative Techniques for Porous Microparticle Production: Electrospraying, Microfluidics, and Supercritical CO₂.","authors":"Simon Pöttgen, Christian Wischke","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03923-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-025-03923-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microparticles have been established as injectable drug carriers designed to enable a long-term release of the encapsulated active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). To regulate this release, the diffusion barrier provided by the matrix material - typically hydrolytically degradable polyesters - must be controlled through precise levels of matrix porosity. This mini-review presents processing methods that are alternatives to the most common batch emulsification techniques for the manufacturing of porous polymer particles. A focus is placed on mechanistically describing the particle and pore formation in droplet-based microfluidics, electrospraying, and by supercritical fluids, critically discussing their opportunities and challenges. Ultimately, this review assesses the potential of these techniques in advancing the engineering of porous polymeric carrier systems in the light of scale-up and continuous production.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fraction-based Linear Extrapolation (FLEX) Method for Predicting Human Pharmacokinetic Clearance: Advanced Allometric Scaling Method and Machine Learning Approach.","authors":"Yuki Umemori, Koichi Handa, Saki Yoshimura, Michiharu Kageyama","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03922-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-025-03922-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Accurate prediction of human clearance (CL) is essential in early drug development. Single Species Scaling (SSS) using rat pharmacokinetic (PK) data, particularly with unbound plasma fraction (f_u,plasma), is widely used. However, its accuracy declines for compounds with extremely low f_u,plasma, and no systematic method has addressed this limitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a new approach, called Fraction-based Linear EXtrapolation SSS (FLEX-SSS fu Rat), which switches between SSS fu Rat and SSS Rat formulas based on an optimized fu threshold. The threshold and scaling coefficients were derived using a training set of 200 compounds. Additionally, a random forest (RF) machine learning model was built using molecular descriptors. Both models were validated using an external dataset of 62 compounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All five predictive models showed comparable performance; among them, the consensus model combining FLEX-SSS fu Rat and RF yielded the best result: 40.3% within 2-fold error, only 16.1% above 5-fold, and GMFE of 2.7.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to systematically validate SSS fu Rat using an independent dataset. The integration of threshold-based allometry and machine learning enabled more accurate human CL prediction, supporting informed decisions in first-in-human dose selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug Delivery and Binding in a Tissue with Irregularly Shaped Binding Regions.","authors":"Ankur Jain","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03904-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-025-03904-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A fundamental understanding of drug diffusion and binding processes is critical for the design and optimization of a wide variety of drug delivery devices. Most of the past literature assume binding to occur uniformly throughout the tissue, or, at best, in specific layers of a multilayer tissue. However, in many realistic scenarios, such as in cancer-targeting drugs, drug binding occurs in discrete irregularly shaped regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This work presents mathematical modeling of drug diffusion and binding in a Cartesian tissue containing a number of irregularly shaped drug binding regions. Based on linear irreversible binding, an exact expression for the transient concentration distribution in the tissue, and thus, the amount of bound drug is derived. A comprehensive verification of the theoretical model, including comparison with past work, is presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The capability of the theoretical model to account for irregular non-Cartesian shapes of the drug binding regions is demonstrated by solving a number of illustrative problems. The impact of the location and size of a drug binding region on the extent of drug binding is determined. Comparison between a single large drug binding region and two smaller drug binding regions is carried out.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work advances the literature on drug diffusion and binding by making it possible to account for realistic, irregular shapes of drug binding regions. The model may help design and optimize drug delivery processes and devices in the presence of realistic drug binding regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Dissolution of Ibuprofen and Empagliflozin in Aqueous Deep Eutectic Solvent Systems: Experimental and Thermodynamic Modeling Insights.","authors":"Shadi Janfaza, Ali Haghtalab","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03921-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-025-03921-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the potential of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) to enhance the dissolution of two poorly water-soluble drugs, ibuprofen (IBU) and empagliflozin (EMPA). The DES was synthesized from tetrabutylphosphonium bromide (TBPB) and diethylene glycol (DEG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The apparent solubility of IBU and EMPA was measured in aqueous solutions containing eleven different mass fractions of the DES at temperatures ranging from 20 to 40°C. Dissolution kinetics were monitored over 24 h to differentiate between true equilibrium solubility and supersaturated states. The collected experimental data were then analyzed and correlated using three thermodynamic models: Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that ibuprofen achieved higher dissolution than empagliflozin in the DES-water system. For both drugs, the dissolution process was endothermic, with solubility increasing as both temperature and DES concentration increased. Among the thermodynamic models tested, the UNIQUAC model provided the most accurate correlation with the experimental dissolution data.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Dual Microneedle Array Patch for Sequential Intradermal Delivery of Adjuvant and Antigen.","authors":"Ye-Lim Lee, Hye-Ran Cha, Da-Eun Lee, Minwoo Ryu, Hyeon Woo Chung, Sunghoon Park, Jung-Ah Choi, Seung-Ki Baek, Jae Myun Lee, Jung-Hwan Park","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03914-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-025-03914-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Adjuvants are critical for enhancing immune responses to recombinant protein-based vaccines, which typically exhibit weak immunogenicity. Microneedle array patches (MAPs) offer a promising method for intradermal delivery, but conventional Co-Delivery MAPs (containing antigen and adjuvant together) have limited loading capacity and potential undesirable interactions. Adjuvants may also trigger adverse reactions in sensitive populations. This study aimed to develop a Dual-Delivery MAP system that enables separate and sequential administration of antigens and adjuvants, addressing these limitations and supporting personalized vaccination strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Dual-Delivery MAP was developed using a coated MAP for ovalbumin (OVA) and a dissolving MAP for the CTA1 adjuvant. Patches were sequentially applied to the same skin site. Delivery efficiency, intradermal distribution, and immunogenicity were evaluated and compared to a conventional Co-Delivery MAP and an intramuscular (IM) injection group (OVA and CTA1 in solution). OVA- and CTA1-specific IgG titers were measured to assess immune responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both Dual-Delivery and Co-Delivery MAPs demonstrated similar delivery efficiency (~ 70%). However, the Dual-Delivery MAP elicited significantly higher IgG titers against CTA1 and OVA compared to the Co-Delivery MAP, likely due to enhanced adjuvant functionality. The Dual-Delivery MAP induced immune responses comparable to IM injection, indicating that sequential delivery preserves adjuvant activity and enhances immunogenicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Dual-Delivery MAP represents a novel, modular approach for skin-targeted vaccination. By separating antigen and adjuvant into distinct patches, it improves stability, maintains adjuvant efficacy, and enables personalized vaccine administration, offering a promising strategy for effective and safe vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceutical Co-crystal of Ketoconazole-adipic Acid: Excipient Compatibility and In Silico Antifungal Potential Studies.","authors":"Flavia Martin, Maria Miclaus, Ana Maria Raluca Gherman, Monica Dan, Ioana Grosu, Xenia Filip, Irina Kacso","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03910-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-025-03910-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to investigate the compatibility of the Ketoconazole-Adipic Acid (KTZ-AA) co-crystal, which exhibits an improved dissolution profile over pure Ketoconazole, with various solid pharmaceutical excipients, as well as its in silico antifungal potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Binary physical mixtures (1:1 w/w) of KTZ-AA co-crystal and excipients were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The molecular docking study targeting the sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) enzyme of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DSC results indicated compatibility between co-crystal and six tested excipients: lactose monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone K90, microcrystalline cellulose, corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, and talc. In the case of the co-crystal and magnesium stearate mixture, DSC revealed a change in the thermal behavior, suggesting the formation of a eutectic system. However, TGA demonstrated that the decomposition profile of the co-crystal remained unaffected in all binary mixtures. PXRD and FT-IR further confirmed the absence of chemical interactions between the co-crystal and all excipients under ambient conditions. Moreover, the KTZ-AA co-crystal maintained its chemical stability without degradation after three months storage under accelerated conditions (40°C/75% RH). The molecular docking study demonstrated that co-crystallization of KTZ with AA enhances its binding affinity to CYP51 enzyme compared to KTZ alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The excipient compatibility study conducted on the Ketoconazole-Adipic Acid co-crystal confirmed its potential for development as a solid oral dosage form with improved antifungal activity, presenting a promising alternative to the parent drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Delivery of Non-opioid Analgesic Microparticles to Modulate Post-surgical Pain.","authors":"Prerna Mohan, Jeladhara Sobhanan, Caitlyn M Gaffney, Nitisha Mehrotra, Fernando J Cabrera, Richard Lee, Aparna Adumbumkulath, Eric Haas, Andrew J Shepherd, Crystal S Shin, Ghanashyam Acharya","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03903-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-025-03903-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Postsurgical pain (PSP) is a common complication in surgical patients that can progress to chronic pain and opioid dependence. Current analgesics, including opioids and non-opioid agents, are limited by short durations of action and adverse effects. This study reports the development and evaluation of extended-release bupivacaine microparticles (BuMPs) designed to provide sustained local analgesia and improve post-surgical pain management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BuMPs were fabricated using PLGA and tested in a mouse sciatic nerve injury (SNI) model, a clinically relevant model of neuropathic pain. Mice received a single local injection of BuMPs or blank microparticles. Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed using the von Frey test over a 21-day period. BuMPs were also compared to an FDA-approved liposomal bupivacaine formulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We fabricated BuMPs by the hydrogel template method and confirmed their uniform size distribution. Thus prepared BuMPs exhibited extended bupivacaine release in vitro and in vivo in a healthy rat model. In a SNI model, BuMP-treated mice exhibited significantly reduced mechanical hypersensitivity compared to controls, with analgesic effects sustained for up to 21 days. BuMPs provided prolonged pain relief, demonstrating effective modulation of postsurgical and neuropathic pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BuMPs offer a promising non-opioid strategy for long-acting PSP management. Their extended analgesic effect from a single perioperative injection may reduce opioid reliance, improve patient recovery, and serve as a complementary therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological Considerations and Delivery Strategies for Targeting Tumors Through Intraperitoneal Delivery.","authors":"Md Jobair Hossen Jony, Sheyda Ranjbar, Rama Prajapati, Seyyed Majid Eslami, Zixuan Zhen, Mittal Darji, Xueli Zhu, Xiuling Lu","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03917-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-025-03917-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The peritoneal cavity presents both unique challenges and promising opportunities for targeted therapy in malignancies like ovarian, gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. Intraperitoneal drug delivery offers significant pharmacokinetic advantages over intravenous administration by achieving high local drug concentrations and tumor-specific delivery potential while minimizing systemic toxicity. Despite these theoretical advantages, the clinical implementation of intraperitoneal therapy is limited by several barriers, including restricted tissue penetration, incomplete peritoneal coverage, rapid drug clearance, catheter-related complications, posttreatment peritoneal adhesions, and ascites-induced permeability dysregulation. This review highlights three advanced strategies developed to overcome these obstacles: (1) particulate-based delivery systems, such as nanoparticles to enhance tumor specificity through passive accumulation, active targeting and on-demand drug release in response to internal or external stimuli; (2) Sustained drug release hydrogels and (3) pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy. Despite promising preclinical and clinical advancements, successful translation requires systematic optimization of multiple parameters, such as ascites dynamics, tumor heterogeneity, and multidrug resistance. The integration of advanced delivery technologies with a comprehensive understanding of peritoneal physiology remains crucial for achieving safe and effective clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of a Semi-solid Extrusion Based Compounding System Solution for Personalized Ondansetron Dosage Forms Combined with Raman Spectroscopy Analysis.","authors":"Mahsa Bahman, Jacopo Zini, Julius Lahtinen, Niko Hassinen, Soumya Verma, Timo Laaksonen, Sari Airaksinen, Niklas Sandler Topelius, Tapani Viitala","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03911-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11095-025-03911-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>3D printing and extrusion-based technologies, especially semi-solid extrusion (SSE), are promising solutions to fulfil the need to personalize pediatric medicines. In this study an automated SSE based Compounding System Solution (CSS) technology was assessed for creating customized Ondansetron tablets. Additionally, a non-destructive quality control method for the customized Ondansetron tablets was developed by utilizing Raman Spectroscopy (RS) measurements and partial least square (PLS) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tablets of 400 mg with varying Ondansetron content (2-10 mg) and different sizes (200-500 mg) with 0.5% Ondansetron were manufactured and tested according to European and US Pharmacopoeia standards, HPLC, and the RS-based PLS model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mass uniformity tests showed high accuracy: 99.2% for varying drug content and 98.8% for different tablet sizes. All tablets met the acceptance criteria (AV < 15) and remained stable for six months at 25 ± 2 °C and ambient humidity. In-vitro dissolution tests confirmed over 85% drug release within 30 min, complying with USP standards. The RS-based PLS model predicted active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content with a slope of 0.944 and an error of ~ 8%, which improved to 2-3% when excluding highly variable 10 mg samples. The model showed strong correlation with HPLC results and prediction (R²CV = 0.95, RMSECV = 0.68; R²Pred = 0.96, RMSEP = 0.57), using three latent variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the CSS technology, validated through pharmacopoeia tests, HPLC, and RS, effectively produces high-quality, personalized Ondansetron tablets. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using SSE and RS-based quality control for individualized pediatric drug formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fucoidan-based Nanomedicine for Hearing Loss: Emerging Roles as Carrier and Therapeutic Agent.","authors":"Rumana Ferdushi, Sanghyo Park, Yong Joon Seo, Jaehong Key","doi":"10.1007/s11095-025-03912-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11095-025-03912-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) poses significant treatment challenges due to the inner ear's complex anatomy and limited regenerative capacity. To overcome these challenges, novel biomaterials with multifunctional therapeutic properties are being explored. However, conventional treatments are often inadequate due to restricted drug penetration and systemic toxicity. Therefore, the aim of this review is to examine the potential of fucoidan-a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown algae-as both a therapeutic agent and a nanocarrier for targeted drug delivery in the treatment of SNHL. Emphasis is placed on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and biocompatible properties, as well as its ability to overcome biological barriers. This review evaluates fucoidan's structural and biological features relevant to otological applications, including its role in modulating signaling pathways (e.g., Notch, Wnt/β-catenin), promoting stem cell homing, and supporting cochlear hair cell regeneration. Fucoidan-based nanoparticles which can be tuned in size from 5 to 900 nm can penetrate the blood-labyrinth barrier, enhance stem cell homing, support cochlear regeneration, and minimize systemic toxicity. Their functionalization with magnetic components allows for localized delivery. Fucoidan shows significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, promotes mesenchymal stem cell migration, and activates Lgr5 + supporting cells, making it effective in restoring cochlear homeostasis. Fucoidan's multifunctional properties support its development as both a therapeutic agent and drug delivery platform for inner ear disorders. Fucoidan-based nanomedicine represents a promising strategy for next-generation SNHL treatments, although challenges such as variability in molecular composition and delivery barriers require further investigation for clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20027,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}