T. Bandyopadhyay, Karl von Richter, Marc-Antoine Pallaud, A. Elfes
{"title":"Differential jumping: A novel mode for micro-robot navigation","authors":"T. Bandyopadhyay, Karl von Richter, Marc-Antoine Pallaud, A. Elfes","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487570","url":null,"abstract":"Jumping is an effective navigation mode for micro-robots. Recent research has addressed significant challenges that exist in developing reliable, energy efficient, light weight micro actuation mechanisms, mostly focused on a single jump. However, there has been limited exploration of planning strategies to enable multi-hop navigation requiring turning and obstacle avoidance. This work introduces the concept of differential jump, generated by asymmetrical thrust from multiple thrusters, as a viable mode for navigation in micro-robots to enable turning during a jump. We present a simplified differential jump model, derive state propagation equations and adapt a sampling based motion planner to compute trajectories for such a system among obstacles in simulation. We further present an early prototype of a micro-robot (≈ 70mm cube) capable of navigation on a planar surface among obstacles using the differential jump mechanism presented.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115852287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An integrated approach to visual perception of articulated objects","authors":"R. M. Martin, S. Höfer, O. Brock","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487714","url":null,"abstract":"We present an integrated approach for perception of unknown articulated objects. To robustly perceive objects and understand interactions, our method tightly integrates pose tracking, shape reconstruction, and the estimation of their kinematic structure. The key insight of our method is that these sub-problems complement each other: for example, tracking is greatly facilitated by knowing the shape of the object, whereas the shape and the kinematic structure can be more easily reconstructed if the motion of the object is known. Our combined method leverages these synergies to improve the performance of perception. We analyze the proposed method in average cases and difficult scenarios using a variety of rigid and articulated objects. The results show that our integrated solution achieves better results than solutions for the individual problems. This demonstrates the benefits of approaching robot perception problems in an integrated manner.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131931195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differential feed control applied to corner matching in automated sewing","authors":"J. Schrimpf, G. Mathisen","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487578","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new method for independent feed control in an automated sewing cell. This is important to match the corners of the parts as well as to compensate for uncertain material characteristics and variations in the length of the parts. In this method, the feed speed for the two parts is controlled independently, based on measurements of the endpoints of the parts while keeping an equal sewing force in both parts. Different strategies for correcting errors are presented and experiments are shown to evaluate the different strategies. Possibilities for using the methods to match reference points during the sewing are discussed.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131979509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teresa Ortega, R. Villafuerte, Carlos Vázquez, L. Freidovich
{"title":"Performance without tweaking differentiators via a PR controller: Furuta pendulum case study","authors":"Teresa Ortega, R. Villafuerte, Carlos Vázquez, L. Freidovich","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487566","url":null,"abstract":"Performance of mechatronics systems can deteriorate significantly under the presence of delays in measurements. On the other hand, intentional introduction of a delay in a feedback control law may be beneficial in achieving good performance without relying on accurately tuned estimates for derivatives of measured signals. In this context, a proper design of retarded control laws represents an important challenge, and this paper gives a step forward to obtain better control laws for underactuated mechanical systems under the presence of time delays in measurements. Particularly, a Proportional-Retarded (PR) control law is designed for stabilization of an underactuated rotational inverted pendulum, known as the Furuta pendulum. Experiments over a laboratory platform as well as a comparison with a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) are performed to show the advantages of the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132461841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matteo Parigi Polverini, A. Zanchettin, S. Castello, P. Rocco
{"title":"Sensorless and constraint based peg-in-hole task execution with a dual-arm robot","authors":"Matteo Parigi Polverini, A. Zanchettin, S. Castello, P. Rocco","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487161","url":null,"abstract":"Fast and sensorless peg-in-hole insertion is a challenging task for a robotic manipulator. In order to deal with the peg-in-hole insertion problem without any need of an external force/torque sensor, this paper proposes to actively accomplish compliance in the insertion task relying on an admittance based control. This is combined with a real-time trajectory generator, by means of constraint based optimization, where a model-based sensorless observer of interaction forces is exploited. Experiments have been performed on an ABB dual-arm 7-DOF lightweight prototype robot to validate the proposed approach, with an insertion speed comparable to human manual execution and in presence of geometric uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"61 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132478695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffrey Mahler, Florian T. Pokorny, Brian Hou, Melrose Roderick, Michael Laskey, Mathieu Aubry, Kai J. Kohlhoff, T. Kröger, J. Kuffner, Ken Goldberg
{"title":"Dex-Net 1.0: A cloud-based network of 3D objects for robust grasp planning using a Multi-Armed Bandit model with correlated rewards","authors":"Jeffrey Mahler, Florian T. Pokorny, Brian Hou, Melrose Roderick, Michael Laskey, Mathieu Aubry, Kai J. Kohlhoff, T. Kröger, J. Kuffner, Ken Goldberg","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487342","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the Dexterity Network (Dex-Net) 1.0, a dataset of 3D object models and a sampling-based planning algorithm to explore how Cloud Robotics can be used for robust grasp planning. The algorithm uses a Multi- Armed Bandit model with correlated rewards to leverage prior grasps and 3D object models in a growing dataset that currently includes over 10,000 unique 3D object models and 2.5 million parallel-jaw grasps. Each grasp includes an estimate of the probability of force closure under uncertainty in object and gripper pose and friction. Dex-Net 1.0 uses Multi-View Convolutional Neural Networks (MV-CNNs), a new deep learning method for 3D object classification, to provide a similarity metric between objects, and the Google Cloud Platform to simultaneously run up to 1,500 virtual cores, reducing experiment runtime by up to three orders of magnitude. Experiments suggest that correlated bandit techniques can use a cloud-based network of object models to significantly reduce the number of samples required for robust grasp planning. We report on system sensitivity to variations in similarity metrics and in uncertainty in pose and friction. Code and updated information is available at http://berkeleyautomation.github.io/dex-net/.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130087957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hierarchical semantic parsing for object pose estimation in densely cluttered scenes","authors":"Chi Li, J. Bohren, Eric Carlson, Gregory Hager","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487712","url":null,"abstract":"Densely cluttered scenes are composed of multiple objects which are in close contact and heavily occlude each other. Few existing 3D object recognition systems are capable of accurately predicting object poses in such scenarios. This is mainly due to the presence of objects with textureless surfaces, similar appearances and the difficulty of object instance segmentation. In this paper, we present a hierarchical semantic segmentation algorithm which partitions a densely cluttered scene into different object regions. A RANSAC-based registration method is subsequently applied to estimate 6-DoF object poses within each object class. Part of this algorithm includes a generalized pooling scheme used to construct robust and discriminative object representations from a convolutional architecture with multiple pooling domains. We also provide a new RGB-D dataset which serves as a benchmark for object pose estimation in densely cluttered scenes. This dataset contains five thousand scene frames and over twenty thousand labeled poses of ten common hand tools. We show that our method demonstrates improved performance of pose estimation on this new dataset compared with other state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134154016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A task-driven algorithm for configuration synthesis of modular robots","authors":"Esra Icer, Andrea Giusti, M. Althoff","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487727","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a time-efficient, task-based configuration synthesis algorithm for modular robot manipulators. One of the main challenges in modular manipulators is to find possible combinations of modules that are able to complete given tasks while avoiding obstacles in the environment. Most studies on modular robots focus on obtaining combinations of modules to achieve a given task without considering the required path planning in an environment with obstacles. In contrast to previous works, we present a configuration synthesis method for modular manipulators, considering collision detection and path planning in task space. Our simulations show that our approach finds possible combinations with reduced computational time compared to previous techniques.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134540217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ramezani, Xichen Shi, Soon-Jo Chung, S. Hutchinson
{"title":"Bat Bot (B2), a biologically inspired flying machine","authors":"A. Ramezani, Xichen Shi, Soon-Jo Chung, S. Hutchinson","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487491","url":null,"abstract":"It is challenging to analyze the aerial locomotion of bats because of the complicated and intricate relationship between their morphology and flight capabilities. Developing a biologically inspired bat robot would yield insight into how bats control their body attitude and position through the complex interaction of nonlinear forces (e.g., aerodynamic) and their intricate musculoskeletal mechanism. The current work introduces a biologically inspired soft robot called Bat Bot (B2). The overall system is a flapping machine with 5 Degrees of Actuation (DoA). This work reports on some of the preliminary untethered flights of B2. B2 has a nontrivial morphology and it has been designed after examining several biological bats. Key DoAs, which contribute significantly to bat flight, are picked and incorporated in B2's flight mechanism design. These DoAs are: 1) forelimb flapping motion, 2) forelimb mediolateral motion (folding and unfolding) and 3) hindlimb dorsoventral motion (upward and downward movement).","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131571812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed sensing and nonlinear MISO models for predicting the propulsive forces of flexible, multi-DOF robotic fins","authors":"Jeff C. Kahn, J. Tangorra","doi":"10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487674","url":null,"abstract":"Fish are capable of producing a wide repertoire of 3D propulsive forces using their fins, and have inspired the development of compliant, multiple-DOF, robotic fins with similar capabilities. Most of these robotic fins are under open-loop control on propulsive force because the forces are challenging to model. Understanding how to predict propulsive forces for these types of fins would significantly advance the state of the art towards closed-loop control of forces. Distributed sensors within robotic fins have been used to predict propulsive forces using linear models, but these models fail to predict forces when fin kinematics become more complex. The objective of the work presented herein is to understand the use of nonlinear, multiple-input-single-output (MISO) Volterra series models between intrinsic sensory measurements and propulsive forces of a flexible robotic fin. Techniques in nonlinear system identification are used to address model conditioning. Nonlinear models predict the propulsive forces well, capturing features of both thrust and lateral forces. Nonlinear models significantly outperformed linear models both in cost of implementation and performance. The best sensor sampling practice was to sample from multiple locations with both pressure and bending modalities. Distributed sensing paired with nonlinear Volterra series models was successful for predicting the forces created by flexible robotic fins with complex kinematics and multiple degrees of freedom.","PeriodicalId":200117,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131827236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}