Pesticide Science最新文献

Effect of paraoxon‐methyl and parathion‐methyl on DNA in human lymphocytes and protective action of vitamin C 甲基对硫磷和甲基对硫磷对人淋巴细胞DNA的影响及维生素C的保护作用

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199912)55:12<1182::AID-PS75>3.0.CO;2-#

J. Błasiak, J. Kowalik

{"title":"Effect of paraoxon‐methyl and parathion‐methyl on DNA in human lymphocytes and protective action of vitamin C","authors":"J. Błasiak, J. Kowalik","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199912)55:12<1182::AID-PS75>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199912)55:12<1182::AID-PS75>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"The molecular basis of the genotoxicity of the commonly used organophosphorus insecticide, parathion-methyl is poorly understood and there is a lack of information on the possible effects of its metabolic conversion products. In the present work the action of parathion-methyl and its immediate metabolite paraoxon-methyl on DNA in human lymphocytes was compared using the comet assay. Parathion-methyl at 25 and 75 µM did not cause any significant changes but at 200 µM a significant increase in the tail moment was observed as compared with the control. Paraoxon-methyl at 25, 75 and 200 µM evoked dose-dependent DNA damage measured as a significant increase in comet tail moment of lymphocytes. The change evoked by paraoxon-methyl at 200 µM was much more pronounced than that by parathion-methyl at the same concentration. To search for the mechanism underlying the observed effect, the action of a well-known antioxidant, vitamin C, along with parathion-methyl and paraoxon-methyl was studied. The vitamin at 10 and 50 µM reduced the DNA-damaging activity of paraoxon-methyl at all its concentrations. The results indicate that the reported genotoxic effects of parathion-methyl could be mainly attributed to its metabolite paraoxon-methyl. The protective action of vitamin C suggests that paraoxon-methyl may cause oxidative DNA damage. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000© 1999 Society of Chemical Industry","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"1182-1186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83496046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

In-vitro study on the effect of pesticides on neuronal activity 农药对神经元活性影响的体外研究

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199910)55:10<1037::AID-PS45>3.0.CO;2-#

J. Doczi, I. Világi, I. Banczerowski-Pelyhe, F. Örsi, Z. Szentpétery

引用次数: 5

Communication to the editor piperonyl butoxide-mediated inhibition of cytochrome P450-catalysed insecticide metabolism: A rational approach 胡椒酰丁醇介导的抑制细胞色素p450催化的杀虫剂代谢:一种合理的方法

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/PS.2780551008

G. Keserü, I. Kolossváry, B. Bertók

引用次数: 0

Review Methods of analysis of dithiocarbamate pesticides: A review 二硫代氨基甲酸酯类农药分析方法综述

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/PS.2780551002

A. Malik, W. Faubel

引用次数: 5

Monitoring of the photochemical degradation of metamitron and imidacloprid by micellar electrokinetic chromatography and differential-pulse polarography 胶束电动色谱和差脉冲极谱法监测亚胺和吡虫啉的光化学降解

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199909)55:9<949::AID-PS48>3.0.CO;2-#

J. Cacho, I. Fierro, L. Debán, M. Vega, R. Pardo

{"title":"Monitoring of the photochemical degradation of metamitron and imidacloprid by micellar electrokinetic chromatography and differential-pulse polarography","authors":"J. Cacho, I. Fierro, L. Debán, M. Vega, R. Pardo","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199909)55:9<949::AID-PS48>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199909)55:9<949::AID-PS48>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"The photochemical degradation of metamitron (4-amino-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-6-phenyl-1,2,4-triazin-5-one) and imidacloprid (1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine) has been investigated by differential-pulse polarography (DPP) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC); the degradation pathways of these pesticides were elucidated and their degradation products proposed. The electrochemical study of imidacloprid by DPP at different pH values demonstrated the occurrence of two different reduction processes; at pH 6.8, two peaks at −0.90 V and −1.38 V, respectively, were obtained, which are related to the photochemical reduction processes. The photochemical degradation of imidacloprid caused by sunlight was polarographically monitored and its degradation products elucidated. The polarographic reduction of deaminometamitron (obtained by photochemical reduction of metamitron) yielded two peaks at −0.62 and −1.37 V, which are related to the reduction of the CN bonds. The effect of sunlight on the reduction of metamitron was monitored by DPP, and an increase of the concentration of the degradation products was observed with time. MEKC with UV-visible detection was used to separate the pesticides and the products of their photochemical degradation, which were identified in combination with DPP. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"48 12 1","pages":"949-954"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82792856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Field-simulator study of insecticide resistance conferred by esterase-, MACE- and kdr-based mechanisms in the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) 桃薯蚜酯酶、MACE和kdr抗性田间模拟研究

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199908)55:8<810::AID-PS19>3.0.CO;2-#

S. Foster, A. Devonshire

引用次数: 26

Improved bioassay method for Spodoptera litura chitinase inhibitors using a colloidal chitin powder with a uniform particle size as substrate 采用粒径均匀的胶体几丁质粉作为底物，改进斜纹夜蛾几丁质酶抑制剂的生物测定方法

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<563::AID-PS972>3.0.CO;2-#

T. Nitoda, H. Kurumatani, H. Kanzaki, K. Kawazu

引用次数: 10

Differentiating between physical and chemical constraints on pesticide and water movement into and out of soil aggregates 区分农药和水分进出土壤团聚体的物理和化学限制

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<524::AID-PS937>3.0.CO;2-#

A. Johnson, Robert J Bettinson, Richard J. Williams

{"title":"Differentiating between physical and chemical constraints on pesticide and water movement into and out of soil aggregates","authors":"A. Johnson, Robert J Bettinson, Richard J. Williams","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<524::AID-PS937>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199905)55:5<524::AID-PS937>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"A laboratory experiment comparing the movement of 3 H 2 O and [ 14 C]isoproturon into and release from soil aggregates is described. Small aggregates (2.0-2.4mm) were prepared from a clay topsoil and maintained at three different initial moisture conditions. A small volume of the radioisotope solution was introduced prior to bathing the aggregates in a 2mM CaCl 2 solution to represent new rainwater. Whilst the 3 H 2 O was imbibed by the air-dry aggregates, the pesticide did not follow the water but remained on the surface of the aggregates. This may be related to its sorptive properties and an excess of sorption sites on the sorbent with respect to the sorbate. Increasing the length of exposure of the moist aggregates to [ 14 C]isoproturon reduced the initial release of the compound into the bathing solution, probably due to diffusion (retarded by sorption) into the aggregates. The diffusion model described by Crank and a non-equilibrium desorption model were used to analyse the 3 H 2 O and [ 14 C]isoproturon release curves. This showed that the release of 3 H 2 O from the dry aggregates was controlled by diffusion. The release of isoproturon was probably controlled by non-equilibrium sorption/desorption from air-dry aggregates and by a combination of non-equilibrium sorption/desorption and diffusion from wet aggregates.","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"58 1","pages":"524-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85379436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Exposure assessment of professional pesticide users during treatment of potato fields 马铃薯田处理期间专业农药使用者的暴露评估

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199904)55:4<467::AID-PS924>3.0.CO;2-#

F. Vercruysse, S. Drieghe, W. Steurbaut, W. Dejonckheere

引用次数: 23

Vertebrate wildlife incidents with pesticides: a european survey 与杀虫剂有关的脊椎动物野生动物事件:一项欧洲调查

Pesticide Science Pub Date : 1999-01-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199901)55:1<47::AID-PS859>3.0.CO;2-#

G. D. Snoo, Nathalie M I Scheidegger, F. Jong

{"title":"Vertebrate wildlife incidents with pesticides: a european survey","authors":"G. D. Snoo, Nathalie M I Scheidegger, F. Jong","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199901)55:1<47::AID-PS859>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199901)55:1<47::AID-PS859>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"A survey was carried out to investigate terrestrial wildlife incidents with pesticides in 18 European countries over the period 1990-1994. Only in seven countries does a systematic incident registration system exist. Compared with the other countries, relatively high numbers of incidents were registered in France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Over 1000 incidents were investigated to establish their causes: approved use, misuse or deliberate abuse, and the compounds, species and mode of application involved. It was found that most registered incidents are due to deliberate abuse. Approved use is responsible for only a minor fraction of the incidents, and these are due to particular practices such as use of treated seed, bait or wood preservatives and the spraying of grassland. Hardly any incidents were due to crop-spraying. The reason why so few incidents are registered for normal crop-spraying is discussed: do they not occur, or are the casualties not registered? It is doubtful whether incident registration is a reliable instrument for obtaining a proper understanding of the occurrence of the side-effects of agricultural pesticide use.","PeriodicalId":19985,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81384054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56