Peritoneal Dialysis International最新文献

{"title":"Peritoneal dialysis results in similar outcomes to extracorporeal dialysis in acute kidney injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Rajiv Hans Menghrajani, Mirtha C Almanzar, Maria Angela Matabang, Saifudheen Faroog, Siena Placino, Anika Sinha, John Paul Aparece, Ankur D Shah","doi":"10.1177/08968608261448781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261448781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe choice of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) modality for treatment of dialysis requiring acute kidney injury (AKI-D) is underappreciated as a modifiable factor that can impact outcomes. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) and extracorporeal dialysis are both established modalities for treatment of kidney failure; their comparative effectiveness in AKI remains controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare clinical outcomes between PD and extracorporeal dialysis in patients with AKI.MethodsWe systematically searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception through November 2024 for randomized controlled trials comparing PD with extracorporeal dialysis in adult patients with AKI requiring KRT. The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included kidney function recovery, time to kidney function recovery, and infectious complications. We conducted meta-analyses using random-effects models and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0.ResultsAbout 358 records were identified, of which 7 were included in quantitative meta-analysis. We found no significant difference in mortality between PD and extracorporeal dialysis (odds ratio [OR] 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-1.76; <i>p</i> = 0.87). Event rates were similar between groups (PD: 56.1%, extracorporeal: 56.5%). Kidney function recovery rates were comparable (OR 1.26; 95% CI, 0.81-1.95; <i>p</i> = 0.30), though time to kidney function recovery was significantly shorter with PD (mean difference -3.34 days, 95% CI -3.95 to -2.73, <i>p</i> < 0.00001). Infection rates were similar between modalities (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.47-2.22, <i>p</i> = 0.96).ConclusionThis meta-analysis demonstrates comparable clinical outcomes between PD and extracorporeal dialysis for AKI management across key metrics including mortality, kidney function recovery, and infectious complications. PD was associated with faster time to kidney function recovery. These findings support the use of PD as an equally effective treatment for AKI-D. Further research is needed to evaluate patient-reported outcomes and patient modality preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261448781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension management in pediatric peritoneal dialysis: A scoping review.","authors":"Sameer Parashar, Kyle Backston, Adam Grden, Nafees Sathik, Yap Hui Kim, Mignon McCulloch, Rupesh Raina","doi":"10.1177/08968608261447433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261447433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPeritoneal dialysis (PD) is a prominent treatment option for children with kidney failure. However, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of both morbidity and early mortality in this pediatric population, with 50-70% of patients experiencing hypertension. This scoping review aims to assess pediatric hypertension management among those receiving PD, along with exploring new potential techniques to optimize care.MethodsPubMed and Web of Science were used to conduct a literature search using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The topic was hypertension management in PD in the pediatric population. Studies within the last 10 years that were written in English were included to capture the latest advancements in the literature. Six articles were included in the review.ResultsThe included articles illustrated 3 main management strategies, which were diet, fluid volume, and antihypertensive drugs. More specifically, an inverse relationship between vitamin D and cholesterol levels and a lack of correlation between simple salt balance and hypertension have been described. Bioimpedance spectroscopy and B-type natriuretic peptide were found to be useful in the estimation of fluid volume. Additionally, the persistence of hypertension was found despite the use of antihypertensive drugs.ConclusionsThe presenting studies reflect the uncertainty of the current evidence available on hypertensive treatments in this population. Thus, our findings may help guide further research until the evidence is sufficient for clinical recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261447433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wolf in sheep's clothing: An unusual zoonotic pathogen in peritoneal dialysis effluent and an important diagnostic strategy.","authors":"Chen Wang, Pan Dou, Yanyan Wang, Xiang Li, Yiming Zhang, Xiaofen Ma","doi":"10.1177/08968608261448060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261448060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brucellosis is an infectious disease characterized by a natural foci, caused by <i>Brucella</i>, a genus of Gram-negative bacilli known for its obligate aerobic growth and capability for intracellular parasitism. This pathogen can be transmitted zoonotically between animals and humans. Due to its mechanism of intracellular survival, monotherapy with a single antibiotic often proves ineffective in eradicating <i>Brucella</i>. Therefore, clinical management necessitates the implementation of multidrug combination therapy alongside extended therapeutic regimens to achieve optimal bacteriological clearance. Conventional diagnostic methods, such as bacterial culture and serological testing, are frequently hindered by the fastidious growth requirements of the pathogen and the risk of false-positive serological cross-reactivity. These limitations may result in delayed diagnosis or unnecessary interventions. Recent advancements in molecular biology-particularly genomic analysis technologies-have revolutionized pathogen detection by facilitating rapid and precise identification of elusive pathogens. This study reports the first documented case of refractory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis caused by <i>Brucella</i> diagnosed via metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). By employing mNGS to identify the pathogen, we summarize the clinical characteristics of this case and highlight the diagnostic advantages of this technology. Our findings aim to guide clinicians in selecting appropriate diagnostic approaches for similar cases, avoiding unnecessary delays and optimizing resource utilization in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261448060"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procedure-related PD-peritonitis following gastroscopy and colonoscopy: A 15-year binational data-linkage study from Australia and New Zealand.","authors":"Shaun Chandler, Dharmenaan Palamuthusingam, Carmel M Hawley, Elaine M Pascoe, David Wayne Johnson, Magid Fahim","doi":"10.1177/08968608261444886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261444886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AimTo describe the risk of post-procedural peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis episodes following gastroscopy and colonoscopy over a 15-year period in Australia and New Zealand.BackgroundThe risk of post-procedural PD peritonitis is well recognised following colonoscopy and current ISPD guidelines recommend prophylactic antibiotics. Current guidelines do not recommend this prior to gastroscopy alone due to low level evidence.MethodsData linkage between hospital admission datasets and ANZDATA was performed in all jurisdictions in Australia and New Zealand, to identify all incident and prevalent patients on PD who underwent either gastroscopy or colonoscopy. ANZDATA reporting of peritonitis was interrogated to describe the risk of peritonitis occurring within seven days of either type of endoscopic procedure. The risk of permanent dialysis modality change at 30 days was estimated using competing risk analysis, as well as a description of the microbiology of these episodes.ResultsIn total, 4433 admissions for gastroscopy (2447) colonoscopy (1191) or both (795) were identified amongst 3674 unique patients. In total there were 106 episodes of peritonitis, 51 of which occurred after gastroscopy alone. The event rate of post-procedure peritonitis was similar following gastroscopy (2.1%) and colonoscopy (2.4%) alone. Risk of peritonitis was similar when considering gastroscopy with and without intervention: 1.7% (95% CI 1.1-2.3) and 2.2% (95% CI 1.3-3.1), respectively. A similar trend was also present for colonoscopy with and without intervention: 2.8% (95%CI 1.0-4.7) and 2.7% (95%CI 1.5-4.0), respectively. The most important predictor of dialysis modality change after either procedure was having a polymicrobial infection (sHR 78.98, 95%CI 35.3-176.7). Regardless of procedure type, organisms of enteric origin along with coagulase negative staphylococcus were the most commonly identified.ConclusionsThere was a similar risk of peritonitis following either gastroscopy or colonoscopy over the time period. Further studies evaluating the effect and role of prophylactic antibiotics prior to gastroscopy alone are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261444886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147819490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body roundness Index on the clinical outcome of peritoneal dialysis patients: Analysis of two cohorts.","authors":"Lixing Xu, Jack Kit-Chung Ng, Gordon Chun-Kau Chan, Winston Wing-Shing Fung, Kai-Ming Chow, Cheuk-Chun Szeto","doi":"10.1177/08968608261446827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261446827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundCentral obesity is common among patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and may have important metabolic consequences. The body roundness index (BRI) is a convenient anthropometric measurement that represents central adiposity and visceral fat. However, its prognostic value in PD patients has not yet been explored.MethodWe conducted a retrospective study involving two cohorts of PD patients: an exploratory cohort of 249 prevalent PD patients and a validation cohort of 162 incident ones. In addition to BRI, we performed bioimpedance spectroscopy and other routine clinical and biochemical tests. Outcome measures included patient survival, rate of alive and remained on PD, peritonitis-free survival, and hospitalization rates.ResultsIn the exploratory cohort, the baseline BRI was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.346 (95% CI: 1.094 to 1.655, p = 0.005), and for rate of alive and remained on PD, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.279 (95% CI: 1.079 to 1.517, p = 0.004). A high BRI was also associated with a higher frequency of hospitalizations (p = 0.001) and longer hospital stays (p = 0.002). In the validation cohort, baseline BRI was also associated with patient survival by univariable Cox regression analysis, but the result became insignificant after adjusting for confounding clinical factors by multi-variable Cox regression.ConclusionA high BRI is associated with increased rates of all-cause mortality and hospitalization. However, the results from the exploratory and validation cohorts were somewhat inconsistent, indicating the necessity for further research to validate our findings.<b>Index Words:</b> kidney failure; obesity; cardiovascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261446827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Success Paradox: Thailand's dialysis policy evolution and implications for modality choice reforms.","authors":"Sarinya Boongird, Talerngsak Kanjanabuch, Jeerath Phannajit, Piyatida Chuengsaman, Jadej Thammatacharee, Vuddhidej Ophascharoensuk","doi":"10.1177/08968608261443580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261443580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thailand's peritoneal dialysis (PD) policy evolution illustrates how apparent policy success can mask underlying system vulnerabilities. Between 2008 and 2021, Thailand's PD-First policy under the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS) became an international model, expanding PD utilization from 2760 to over 25,000 patients while maintaining outcomes comparable to global benchmarks. In February 2022, the 2022 Policy removed PD-First restrictions to enhance patient choice. Within 3 years, PD utilization among incident UCS patients declined from 50% to 14%, 90-day mortality risk rose from 9% to 13%, and dialysis expenditures increased to 12% of the total UCS budget. These outcomes prompted the 2025 Reform in April 2025, following a review commissioned by the National Health Security Office and conducted by the Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program (HITAP), with expert input from the Nephrology Society of Thailand (NST) and other stakeholders. Using aggregated national registry data across three periods-the PD-First period (2008-2021), the 2022 Policy period (2022-2024), and the 2025 Reform period (2025)-we examined utilization patterns, clinical outcomes, and fiscal impacts associated with these transitions. The temporal patterns suggest that rapid policy liberalization may expose and amplify existing capacity imbalances. Following the 2022 transition, utilization shifted toward existing hemodialysis infrastructure despite inadequate vascular surgery capacity, coinciding with reduced rates of permanent access and increased early mortality. Preliminary post-reform data show encouraging recovery, with 90-day mortality risk falling to 7%. Thailand's experience may inform countries expanding home dialysis through policy reforms, highlighting that sustainable choice requires sequenced policy liberalization, infrastructure capacity alignment, and responsive governance to maintain dialysis quality, equity, and fiscal stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261443580"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematic relevance of animal studies on peritoneal vascularization to the clinical practice of peritoneal dialysis.","authors":"Dorota Sikorska, Rusan Catar, Hui Peng, Simon J Davies, Janusz Witowski","doi":"10.1177/08968608261443579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261443579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundIncreased vascularity of the peritoneal membrane contributes to the ultrafiltration dysfunction in peritoneal dialysis (PD), which is an important subject of research, including animal studies. In this study, we have examined how animal studies assessing peritoneal vascularization in the context of PD are designed, conducted, and reported.MethodsRelevant original articles published in 1979-2024 were identified in PubMed® and assessed for completeness, transparence, and unbiased reporting.ResultsAnimal studies analyzed were conducted primarily in normal rodents and were based on two basic experimental models (exposure to peritoneal dialysis fluid or chlorhexidine gluconate). In both cases, increased peritoneal vascularity was reported consistently, although to a varying degree. Studies in uremic animals were infrequent (20%), but suggested strongly that uremia itself increased peritoneal vascularity and was associated with decreased peritoneal ultrafiltration and increased peritoneal solute transport rates. Use of chlorhexidine accelerated membrane injury but did not lead to significant new insights. Pharmacological attempts to limit increased peritoneal vascularization demonstrated that such interventions were feasible at multiple levels. However, all these studies were limited by the choice of animals and drug doses, as well as by omissions in reporting key information.ConclusionsThis literature review found that there was considerable variability in the design, methodology, and reporting of animal studies investigating the effects of dialysis on peritoneal membrane vascularity. A framework to enhance their reporting, in line with the current ARRIVE guidelines, is needed. Abandoning the use of chlorhexidine in future animal studies on PD should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261443579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy with peritoneal dialysis- a challenge revisited.","authors":"Randall R Rainwater, Salima Valiani, Manisha Singh","doi":"10.1177/08968608261441436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261441436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPregnancy with kidney failure is challenging, even more so with peritoneal dialysis (PD). The pregnancy rate is 50% lower while on PD than on hemodialysis, and usually, patients transition to hemodialysis to support better outcomes. There are only a few reported cases of pregnancy carried beyond 32 weeks' gestation on PD alone.MethodsWe present a patient treated with PD for over two years at the time of natural conception. Higher clearance needs arose during pregnancy, but the patient did not transition to hemodialysis due to fear of hematological infections and need for new dialysis access. With the patient's consent and discussions with the pharmacy medical liaison, at 30 weeks, her PD regimen was modified to include Icodextrin to support adequacy and volume control. This adjustment aided in pregnancy reaching 32w4d when she delivered a viable infant. Though our patient underwent a cesarean section, she stayed on PD with appropriate modifications, not needing hemodialysis at any time.Results and ConclusionsWe present the challenges and report a successful outcome of such a pregnancy, along with the off-label use of Icodextrin as add-on therapy during the third trimester. We opine that Icodextrin did not adversely impact the course; it helped carry the pregnancy forward a few more critical weeks. This is also a unique case report of a pregnancy while on PD in a pacific islander and only one of five cases of Pregnancy on PD in women over 40.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261441436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antisenescent and antiinflammatory effect of N-acetylcysteine in peritoneal mesothelial cells.","authors":"Zofia Strojny, Wiesław Sikora, Joanna Hoffmann-Aulich, Dominika Kanikowska, Andrzej Bręborowicz","doi":"10.1177/08968608261443578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261443578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPeritoneal dialysis induces an intraperitoneal inflammatory reaction, which causes damage to the peritoneum. Inflammation also accelerates cellular senescence. We studied in vitro effect of the dialysates from peritoneal dialysis patients on the senescence of the peritoneal mesothelial cells (MCs). The effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on that process was studied.MethodsReplicative senescence was induced in MC cells exposed to culture medium, medium mixed with the dialysate ± NAC 0.025 mmol/L. After 10 passages, markers of the cellular senescence and secretory activity of the cells were measured. Additionally, the effect of NAC on the senescent cells was studied.ResultsExposure of MC to the dialysate accelerated, more than in medium alone, their senescence as reflected by elongation of the population doubling time, increased expression of p21, p53 genes and β-galactosidase activity. Secretion of IL6 and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) was increased, and fibrinolytic activity, as reflected by the tissue plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ratio, was reduced. NAC slowed down the process of senescence in MC treated with the dialysate. NAC suppressed the proinflammatory properties of the senescent MC.ConclusionThe proinflammatory properties of the peritoneal dialysate accelerate the senescence of MC. Decreased fibrinolytic activity of MC, increased secretion of IL6 and TGFβ may accelerate fibrosis of the peritoneum. Supplementation of NAC in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis may help preserve the peritoneum as the dialysis membrane.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261443578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of common urine leukocyte dipsticks for diagnosing peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis.","authors":"Rasha Hussein, Nadja Grobe, Nahla Allam, Mohamed Eo Yousif, Asmaa Abdelkareem, Amna Ahmed, Rashid A Ellidir, Yassir Bakhiet, Mohamed Ba Elfakky, El Tigani M Ali, Lisa Haizel Watson, Naomi Taylor, Kieran Trelawn Mulroney, Aron Chakera, Peter Kotanko, Xiaoling Wang","doi":"10.1177/08968608261434277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08968608261434277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPeritonitis is a severe complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD), necessitating prompt diagnosis and treatment. A key diagnostic indicator is elevated white blood cells (WBC) in spent PD effluent. Laboratory-based WBC testing can be slow, costly, and infrastructure-dependent, potentially delaying treatment. Urine dipsticks, commonly used for urinary tract infections, include a leukocyte esterase (LE) test that may serve as a rapid and low-cost point-of-care alternative. We evaluated the effectiveness of using an LE test of urine dipsticks to detect WBC in PD effluent for diagnosing PD-associated peritonitis.MethodsOur research comprised a clinical and a laboratory part. Clinically, we analyzed data from Khartoum, Sudan, where LE dipsticks are routinely given to PD patients for point-of-care testing of PD effluent. In a laboratory, we compared dipstick results with WBC counts in stored, freeze-thawed PD effluents from Australia and the United States, and evaluated smartphone imaging of dipstick coloration.ResultsThe clinical evaluation comprised 56 pediatric PD patients providing 530 PD effluent samples. Dipstick LE testing of freshly collected effluents demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for peritonitis diagnosis. In the laboratory study, testing of 352 freeze-thawed PD effluents showed reduced sensitivity (78%) and specificity (95%) after 1 month of refrigerator storage. Smartphone imaging reliably supported visual inspection and enabled semi-quantitative color assessment.ConclusionsWhen used on freshly collected PD effluents, the LE test on urine dipsticks is a rapid, reliable, and affordable tool for diagnosing PD-associated peritonitis. This approach is particularly valuable in low-resource settings, home-based care, and telehealth.</p>","PeriodicalId":19969,"journal":{"name":"Peritoneal Dialysis International","volume":" ","pages":"8968608261434277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}