Petroleum Science最新文献

{"title":"Pore network modeling of gas–water two-phase flow in deformed multi-scale fracture-porous media","authors":"Dai-Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Shan Ma ,&nbsp;Zhe Hu ,&nbsp;Tong Wu ,&nbsp;Ji-Rui Hou ,&nbsp;Zhen-Chang Jiang ,&nbsp;Xin-Xuan Qi ,&nbsp;Kao-Ping Song ,&nbsp;Fang-Zhou Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two actual rocks drilled from a typical ultra-deep hydrocarbon reservoir in the Tarim Basin are selected to conduct in-situ stress-loading micro-focus CT scanning experiments. The gray images of rock microstructure at different stress loading stages are obtained. The U-Net fully convolutional neural network is utilized to achieve fine semantic segmentation of rock skeleton, pore space, and micro-fractures based on CT slice images of deep rocks. The three-dimensional digital rock models of deformed multiscale fractured-porous media at different stress loading stages are thereafter reconstructed, and the equivalent fracture-pore network models are finally extracted to explore the underlying mechanisms of gas–water two-phase flow at the pore-scale. Results indicate that, in the process of in-situ stress loading, both the deep rocks have experienced three stages: linear elastic deformation, nonlinear plastic deformation, and shear failure. The micro-mechanical behavior greatly affects the dynamic deformation of rock microstructure and gas–water two-phase flow. In the linear elastic deformation stage, with the increase in in-situ stress, both the deep rocks are gradually compacted, leading to decreases in average pore radius, pore throat ratio, tortuosity, and water-phase relative permeability, while the coordination number nearly remains unchanged. In the plastic deformation stage, the synergistic influence of rock compaction and existence of micro-fractures typically exert a great effect on pore-throat topological properties and gas–water relative permeability. In the shear failure stage, due to the generation and propagation of micro-fractures inside the deep rock, the topological connectivity becomes better, fluid flow paths increase, and flow conductivity is promoted, thus leading to sharp increases in average pore radius and coordination number, rapid decreases in pore throat ratio and tortuosity, as well as remarkable improvement in relative permeability of gas phase and water phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 2096-2108"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary evolution from Late Cretaceous to Quaternary in the Romney 3D seismic area, deep-water Taranaki Basin (New Zealand)","authors":"Guang-Xu Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Wu ,&nbsp;Quan Li ,&nbsp;Wei-Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Yong-Sheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Shi-Qin Liang ,&nbsp;Ya-Ping Sui","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of sequence stratigraphy often focuses on shallow marine and shelf-edge regions, while research on deep-sea stratigraphic sequences remains relatively weak. This study, based on high-resolution 3D seismic data and drilling information, utilized sequence stratigraphy and seismic sedimentology as guidelines, and employed seismic interpretation methods to performed a division of deep-sea stratigraphic sequences within the Romney 3D seismic survey area in the deep-water Taranaki Basin, New Zealand. Furthermore, it analyzed the characteristics of typical depositional systems and their associated controlling factors. The findings are as follows: (1) Based on seismic reflection termination relationships and seismic facies characteristics, four second-order sequence boundaries and nine third-order sequence boundaries were identified, resulting in the delineation of three second-order sequences and twelve third-order sequences in the basin. (2) Five seismic facies were recognized, corresponding to five typical sedimentary bodies: mass transport deposits (MTDs), deep-water channel, levee deposits, deltaic deposits, and pelagic deposits. However, due to the relatively thin sedimentary thickness of carbonate sediments, the seismic facies characteristics of carbonate sediments cannot be discerned in seismic data, but can be identified based on well data. Deltaic sediments mainly developed during the rift stage of the basin, while carbonate sediments formed during the transition from a passive to an active margin. Deep-water channel and levee deposits and MTDs emerged during the active margin stage, while pelagic deposits are ubiquitous in marine environments. (3) The uplift of New Zealand's interior and climate-driven erosion caused the resurgence of clastic sediments, which began to be transported to the deep sea, the seafloor topography would directly affect the movement path of sediment gravity flow, and sediment supply can affect the development and evolution of sedimentary systems. (4) Event deposits boundaries, such as erosional scour surfaces formed by channels and unconformities created by MTDs, can serve as boundaries for the division of deep-water stratigraphic sequences. This study proposes a method for delineating deep-water stratigraphic sequences using event deposits, particularly suitable under conditions where the influence of relative sea-level changes on deep-water deposits is relatively weak. This research not only enhances the understanding of deep-water depositional sequences but also provides a reference for studies on the evolution of deep-water deposition and its controlling factors in research areas with similar geological backgrounds worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 1854-1875"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and modeling investigation of zero net liquid flow in hilly terrain pipeline","authors":"Bo Huang ,&nbsp;Qiang Xu ,&nbsp;Ying-Jie Chang ,&nbsp;Ye-Qi Cao ,&nbsp;Hai-Yang Yu ,&nbsp;Yu-Wen Li ,&nbsp;Lie-Jin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hilly terrain pipeline is a common form of pipeline in oil and gas storage and transportation industry. Due to the hilly terrain influence, the liquid at the elbow of the gathering pipeline is easy to flow back and accumulate to form slug flow, so it is necessary to remove the accumulated liquid by gas purging. In this paper, experiment is carried out in hilly terrain pipelines. Three flow patterns of stratified flow, slug flow and stratified entrained flow are observed. The process of gas purging accumulated liquid is divided into four stages, namely liquid accumulation, liquid rising, continuous outflow and tail outflow. At the same time, the flow pattern maps of each stage are drawn. The pressure drop signal is analyzed in time domain and frequency domain, and the contour map of pressure drop distribution is drawn. It is found that the ratio of range to average value can well distinguish the occurrence range of each flow pattern. Based on visualization, the transition process of slug flow to stratified flow and stratified entrained flow is studied, and the transition boundary prediction model is established. An image processing method is proposed to convert the image signal into a similarity curve, and PSD analysis is performed to calculate the slug frequency. The normal distribution is used to fit the slug frequency, and the predicted correlation is in good agreement with the experimental data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 2183-2202"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response characteristics of shear waves scattered by fractures with borehole observation system","authors":"Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Hua-Jun Fan ,&nbsp;Meng-Sheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Jing-Wei Jiang ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao ,&nbsp;Ke-Wen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fractures play a crucial role in various fields such as hydrocarbon exploration, groundwater resources management, and earthquake research. The determination of fracture location and the estimation of parameters such as fracture length and dip angle are the focus of geophysical work. In borehole observation system, the short distance between fractures and detectors leads to weak attenuation of elastic wave energy, and high-frequency source makes it easier to identify small-scale fractures. Compared to traditional monopole logging methods, dipole logging method has advantage of exciting pure shear waves sensitive to fractures, so its application is becoming increasingly widespread. However, since the reflected shear waves and scattered shear waves of fractures correspond to different fracture properties, how to distinguish and analyze these two kinds of waves is crucial for accurately characterizing the fracture parameters. To address this issue, numerical simulation of wave responses by a single fracture near a borehole in rock formation is performed, and the generation mechanism and characteristics of shear waves scattered by fractures are investigated. It is found that when the dip angle of the fracture surpasses a critical threshold, the S-wave will propagate to both endpoints of the fracture and generate scattered S-waves, resulting in two distinct scattered wave packets on the received waveform. When the polarization direction of the acoustic source is parallel to the strike of the fracture, the scattered SH-waves always have larger amplitude than the scattered SV-waves regardless of changing the fracture dip angle. Unlike SV-waves, the SH-waves scattered by the fracture do not have any mode conversion. Additionally, propagation of S-waves to a short length fracture can induce dipole mode vibration of the fracture within a wide frequency range. The phenomena of shear waves reflected and scattered by the fracture are further illustrated and verified by two field examples, thus showing the potential of scattered waves for fracture evaluation and characterization with borehole observation system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 1912-1928"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrothermal carbon nanospheres as environmentally friendly, sustainable and versatile additives for water-based drilling fluids","authors":"Han-Yi Zhong ,&nbsp;Shu-Sen Li ,&nbsp;Da-Qi Li ,&nbsp;Jun-Bin Jin ,&nbsp;Chang-Zhi Chen ,&nbsp;Zheng-Song Qiu ,&nbsp;Wei-An Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, hydrothermal carbon nanospheres (HCNs) were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization using glucose as the precursor, and introduced to improve the properties of water-based drilling fluid for the first time. The variation in rheological and filtration characteristics of water-based drilling fluid with varying concentrations of HCNs were compared between the cases before and after thermal aging. The results demonstrated that HCNs had little influence on the rheological properties of bentonite base mud, but could effectively reduce its filtration loss after thermal aging at 220 °C. For polymer-based drilling fluid, HCNs also exhibited minor influence on the rheology. The H-B model was the best fitting model for the rheological curves before thermal aging. After hot rolling at 220 °C, the viscosity retention rate increased from 29% to 63%–90% with addition of HCNs, and the filtration loss decreased by 78% with 1.0 w/v% HCNs. Meanwhile, the polymer-based drilling fluid with 0.5 w/v% HCNs maintained relatively stable rheology and low filtration loss after statically thermal aging at 200 °C for 96 h. For a bentonite-free water-based drilling fluid prepared mainly with modified natural polymers, the viscosity retention increased from 21% to 74% after hot rolling at 150 °C with 0.5 w/v% HCNs, and was further improved when HCNs and potassium formate were used in combination. The mechanism study revealed that, HCNs could trap dissolved oxygen, scavenge the free radicals and cross link with polymers, which prevented thermal oxidative degradation of polymers and improved the thermal stability of water-based drilling fluid. Meanwhile, HCNs could inhibit clay hydration and swelling in synergy with partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide by physically sealing the micropores, contributing to shale formation stability. Furthermore, HCNs could effectively improve the lubrication and anti-wear performance of drilling fluid. This study indicated that HCNs could act as green, sustainable, and versatile additives in water-based drilling fluid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 1997-2019"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of dual-function amphiphilic biochar-MoO3-x catalysts with abundant oxygen vacancies for efficient extractant-free oxidative desulfurization","authors":"Xue Liang ,&nbsp;Tian-Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong-Xia Yu ,&nbsp;Jie Hong ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abbas ,&nbsp;Claudia Li ,&nbsp;Sibudjing Kawi ,&nbsp;Wan-Liang Yang ,&nbsp;Mei-Song Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.02.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.02.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of an efficient dual-function catalytic-sorption system, which seamlessly integrates reaction and separation into a single step for extractant-free systems, represents a transformative advancement in oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process. In this work, we introduce a novel dual-function amphiphilic biochar (Mo/CBC) catalyst, functionalized with MoO_3-_x featuring abundant oxygen vacancies, for highly effective extractant-free ODS. The polarity of the biochar was precisely tailored by varying the amount of KOH, leading to the creation of amphiphilic carriers. Subsequent ball milling facilitated the successful loading of MoO_3-_x onto the biochar surface via an impregnation-calcination route leveraging carbon reduction, resulting in the synthesis of amphiphilic Mo/CBC catalysts. The amphiphilic nature of these catalysts ensures their stable dispersion within the oil phase, while also facilitating their interaction with the oxidant H₂O₂ and the adsorption of sulfur-containing oxidation products. Characterization techniques, including EPR, XPS, and in situ XRD, verified the existence of abundant oxygen vacancies obtained by carbon reduction on the amphiphilic Mo/CBC catalysts, which significantly boosted their activity in an extractant-free ODS system. Remarkably, the amphiphilic Mo/CBC catalyst displayed exceptional catalytic performance, achieving a desulfurization efficiency of 99.6% in just 10 min without extraction solvent. DFT theoretical calculations further revealed that H₂O₂ readily dissociates into two •OH radicals on the O_vac-MoO₃, overcoming a low energy barrier. This process was identified as a key contributor to the catalyst's outstanding ODS performance. Furthermore, other biochar sources, such as rice straw, bamboo, rapeseed oil cake, and walnut oil cake, were investigated to produce Mo-based amphiphilic biochar catalysts, which all showed excellent desulfurization performance. This work establishes a versatile and highly efficient dual-function catalytic-sorption system by designing amphiphilic biochar catalysts enriched with oxygen vacancies, paving the way for the development of universally applicable ODS catalysts for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 2215-2232"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation on 2-D NMR response mechanisms and the frequency conversion of petrophysical parameters in shale oil reservoirs","authors":"Ji-Long Liu,&nbsp;Ran-Hong Xie,&nbsp;Jiang-Feng Guo,&nbsp;Guo-Wen Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characterizing the petrophysical properties holds significant importance in shale oil reservoirs. Two-dimensional (2-D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), a nondestructive and noninvasive technique, has numerous applications in petrophysical characterization. However, the complex occurrence states of the fluids and the highly non-uniform distributions of minerals and organic matter pose challenges in the NMR-based petrophysical characterization. A novel <em>T</em>₁-<em>T</em>₂ relaxation theory is introduced for the first time in this study. The transverse and longitudinal relaxivities of pore fluids are determined based on numerical investigation and experimental analysis. Additionally, an improved random walk algorithm is proposed to, on the basis of digital shale core, simulate the effects of the hydrogen index (HI) for the organic matter, echo spacing (<em>T</em>_E), pyrite content, clay mineral type, and clay content on <em>T</em>₁-<em>T</em>₂ spectra at different NMR frequencies. Furthermore, the frequency conversion cross-plots for various petrophysical parameters influenced by the above factors are established. This study provides new insights into NMR-based petrophysical characterization and the frequency conversion of petrophysical parameters measured by laboratory NMR instruments and NMR logging in shale oil reservoirs. It is of great significance for the efficient exploration and environmentally friendly production of shale oil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 1959-1976"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DLVO-based estimates of critical water saturation of shale: A case study of the lower Silurian Longmaxi shale in Sichuan Basin","authors":"Cheng-Xiang Wan ,&nbsp;Xu-Sheng Guo ,&nbsp;Bao-Jian Shen ,&nbsp;Yan Song ,&nbsp;Peng-Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Ru-Yue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shale gas is an important unconventional resource, and shale reservoirs typically contain both water and gas fluids. Water can occupy the shale gas storage space, reduce the flow capacity of shale gas, and even completely seal off the shale gas. When the shale develops an effective sealing capacity, the water saturation of the shale reaches a threshold value which can be measured using physical simulation experiments. However, limited research has been conducted on the quantitative calculation of critical water saturation. In order to obtain the critical water saturation of shale, this paper proposes a theoretical calculation method to estimate the critical water saturation of shale based on DLVO (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek) theory. Two shale samples from the Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin with different total organic carbon (TOC) were selected for gas adsorption experiments to characterize the pore structure of the organic matter and inorganic matter of the shale. Based on the established theoretical and geological models, the critical water film thickness and critical water saturation of pores with different pore sizes were calculated. Taking the boundary conditions into account, the critical water saturation of the two shale samples was ultimately determined. The results showed that inorganic pores occupied 81.0% of the pores of the shale with a TOC of 0.89%, and their dominant pore sizes were dominated by mesopores around 40 nm; inorganic pores occupied 48.7% of the pores of the shale with a TOC of 4.27%, and their dominant pore sizes were dominated by micropores and mesopores around 0–20 nm and 40 nm. As the pore size increased, the corresponding critical water film thickness also increased, and the critical water saturation was normally distributed in the pore size range centered at about 10 nm. The distribution of critical water saturation in inorganic pores with different pore sizes was in the range of about 63%–76%, and the critical water saturation of shale with a TOC of 0.89% and shale with a TOC of 4.27% were calculated to be 41.7% and 32.7%, respectively. The method proposed in this study accurately calculates the critical water saturation of shale and effectively distinguishes the differences critical water saturation between shales with different TOC. Further, shale gas reservoirs can be finely characterized by comparing with the original water saturation of shale layers. This study is of great scientific significance to shale gas exploration and development, and even to the field of CO₂ geological storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 1876-1888"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating petrophysical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments using digital rock technology: A microscopic perspective","authors":"Yang-Chen Fan ,&nbsp;Wei-Chao Yan ,&nbsp;Hui-Lin Xing ,&nbsp;Xiu-Juan Wang ,&nbsp;Huai-Min Dong ,&nbsp;Xi-Mei Jiang ,&nbsp;Ji-Lin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural gas hydrates are crystalline solid complexes with different morphologies found in marine sediments and permafrost zones. The petrophysical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments (GHBS) are crucial for understanding the characteristics of gas hydrate reservoirs, the spatial distribution of natural gas hydrates, and their exploitation potential. Geophysical exploration remains the primary approach for investigating the petrophysical properties of GHBS. However, limitations in resolution make it challenging to accurately characterize complex sediment structures, leading to difficulties in precisely interpreting petrophysical properties. Laboratory-based petrophysical experiments provide highly accurate results for petrophysical properties. Despite their accuracy, these experiments are costly, and difficulties in controlling variables may introduce uncertainties into geophysical exploration models. Advances in imaging and simulation techniques have established digital rock technology as an indispensable tool for enhancing petrophysical experimentation. This technology offers a novel microscopic perspective for elucidating the three-dimensional (3D) spatial distribution and multi-physical responses of GHBS. This paper presents an in-depth discussion of digital rock technology as applied to GHBS, with an emphasis on digital rock reconstruction and simulation of petrophysical properties. First, we summarize two common methods for constructing digital rocks of GHBS: petrophysical experimental methods and numerical reconstruction methods, followed by analyses of their respective advantages and limitations. Next, we delve into numerical simulation methods for evaluating GHBS petrophysical properties, including electrical, elastic, and fluid flow characteristics. Finally, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current trends in digital rock reconstruction and petrophysical simulation techniques for GHBS, emphasizing the necessity of multi-scale, multi-component, high-resolution 3D digital rock models to facilitate the precise characterization of complex gas hydrate reservoirs. Future applications of microscopic digital rock technology should be integrated with macroscopic geophysical exploration to enable more comprehensive and precise analyses of GHBS petrophysical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 1889-1911"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the performance variation and failure mechanism of natural gas pipeline under the action of water failure","authors":"Hai-Liang Nie ,&nbsp;Zhi-Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Dang ,&nbsp;Sen Zhao ,&nbsp;Jun-Jie Ren ,&nbsp;Xiao-Bin Liang ,&nbsp;Ke Wang ,&nbsp;Wei-Feng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.petsci.2025.03.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water-induced disasters in long-distance pipelines are prevalent geological hazards, characterized by their frequency and widespread distribution. The complexity of factors contributing to pipeline damage in practical engineering poses a significant challenge for analysis using solely theoretical models. This study systematically reveals the cross-scale failure mechanism of long-distance pipelines under hydrodynamic impact through the combination of multi-scale experimental representation and theoretical modeling. Employing a combination of macroscopic measurements, advanced material testing of residual samples from failed pipelines, and consideration of operational conditions and environmental factors, the failure modes is systematically analyzed. The findings reveal that under the vibrations induced by water impulses, the pipe material exhibits a pronounced ratchet effect, leading to an 8.92% reduction in elongation at break. Furthermore, the Bauschinger effect is observed, resulting in a 2.95% decrease in yield strength. Cyclic hardening significantly diminishes the impact toughness of the weld by 22.2%. Notably, at high vibration frequencies of approximately 18.98 Hz, the stress concentration in the girth weld near the axial midpoint of the pipe section initiates cracking, ultimately leading to failure under the alternating load generated by the oscillation. This study provides valuable insights into the scientific understanding of pipeline failure mechanisms under water impact, contributing to the development of more robust and resilient pipeline systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19938,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Science","volume":"22 5","pages":"Pages 2169-2182"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}