Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production最新文献

Pheromones and Chemical Communication in Insects 昆虫的信息素与化学通讯

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92384

Nesreen M. Abd El-Ghany

{"title":"Pheromones and Chemical Communication in Insects","authors":"Nesreen M. Abd El-Ghany","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92384","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical communication is an essential item for insects’ survivals that qualify them to adapt their behavior depending on the surrounding environment. Semiochemicals defined as informative molecules (M) mainly play an important role that conveys specific chemical messages between insect and insect and plant and insect. Olfaction mechanism in insects is a key point of chemical communication between the same and different insect species. Discrimination of various odors through the olfaction system depends only on the evolutionary pressures of the molecules which stimulate the development of specific binding proteins (BPs) and specific receptor sites present on individual chemosensory neurons. Pheromones are defined as species-specific chemical signals which enable communication between life-forms of the same species. Recently, semiochemicals become as alternative or complementary components to insecticide approaches in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. Pheromones are secreted by insects causing a specific reaction, for example, either a definite behavior or a developmental process. Pheromones have been classified into eight various types: aggregation pheromones, alarm pheromones, oviposition-deterrent pheromones, home recognition pheromones, sex pheromones, trail pheromones, recruitment pheromones, and royal pheromones. Pheromones are promising and can be used singly or in integration with other control strategies for monitoring and controlling insect pests in agricultural systems.","PeriodicalId":19936,"journal":{"name":"Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77630425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Herbicide Resistance in Brazil: Status, Impacts, and Future Challenges 巴西除草剂抗性:现状、影响和未来挑战

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91236

R. Alcántara-de la Cruz, Guilherme Moraes de Oliveira, Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da Silva

{"title":"Herbicide Resistance in Brazil: Status, Impacts, and Future Challenges","authors":"R. Alcántara-de la Cruz, Guilherme Moraes de Oliveira, Leonardo Bianco de Carvalho, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da Silva","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.91236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91236","url":null,"abstract":"Brazil is a large producer and exporter of crops in global terms. Weeds may be responsible for ~14% of crop losses, depending on the crop system. Herbicides occupy 58% of the Brazilian pesticide market; however, the continuous use of these products and the high selection pressure have led to the emergence of weeds resistant to herbicides. Today, there are 51 weed species reported as being resistant to herbicides in Brazil, of which 17 involves cross and multiple-resistance. Acetolactate synthase (ALS), acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) and 5-enolpiruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPs) inhibitors are the herbicidal groups with the most resistance cases. Soybean, corn, rice, wheat and cotton present 30, 12, 10, 9 and 8 cases, respectively, occurring mainly in herbicide-resistant crop fields from the Southern and Central West regions of the country. To better understand the dimensions of herbicide resistance, in this chapter, we will explore the size of agricultural activity in Brazil, the pesticide market and the use of herbicides in the main crops. In addition, the agronomic, scientific-technical and economic aspects that have contributed, directly or indirectly, to the selection of resistant weeds will be discussed in order to have an overview of the economic impact of herbicide resistance management.","PeriodicalId":19936,"journal":{"name":"Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84933257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Variable Rate Application of Herbicides for Weed Management in Pre- and Postemergence 出苗期前后杂草管理中除草剂的可变用量应用

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.93558

Alessandro da Costa Lima, Kassio Ferreira Mendes

{"title":"Variable Rate Application of Herbicides for Weed Management in Pre- and Postemergence","authors":"Alessandro da Costa Lima, Kassio Ferreira Mendes","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.93558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93558","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of precision agriculture, it was possible to integrate several technologies to develop the variable rate application (VRA). The use of VRA allows savings in the use of herbicides, better weed control, lower environmental impact and, indirectly, increased crop productivity. There are VRA techniques based on maps and sensors for herbicide application in preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST). The adoption of the type of system will depend on the investment capacity of the producer, skilled workforce available, and the modality of application. Although it still has some limitations, VRA has been widespread and has been occupying more and more space in chemical management, the tendency in the medium- and long term is that there is a gradual replacement of the conventional method of application. Given the benefits provided by VRA along with the engagement of companies and researchers, there will be constant evolution and improvement of this technology, cheapening the costs of implementation and providing its adoption by an increasing number of producers. Thus, the objective of this chapter was to address an overview of the use of herbicides in VRA for weed management in PRE and POST.","PeriodicalId":19936,"journal":{"name":"Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79506781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Glyphosate Residues in Soil and Air: An Integrated Review 土壤和空气中草甘膦残留:综合综述

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-07-07 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.93066

Evagelia Tzanetou, H. Karasali

引用次数: 12

Identification of Ticks in Dogs with Ehrlichiosis 埃利希体病犬蜱的鉴定

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92244

K. Karthika

引用次数: 0

A Review of the Analytical Methods Based on Chromatography for Analyzing Glyphosate in Foods 食品中草甘膦色谱分析方法综述

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-06-17 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92810

P. Avino, Ivan Notardonato, M. V. Russo

引用次数: 2

Current Advances in Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Insect Physiology and Metabolism 昆虫生理代谢质谱成像研究进展

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-06-03 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92584

Fei-Ying Yang, Weiyi He, M. You

引用次数: 0

The Role of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Feeding Behavior of European Corn Borer 灌溉和施氮对欧洲玉米螟取食行为的影响

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-05-25 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92598

A. Sarajlić, E. Raspudić, Z. Lončarić, M. Josipović, I. Majić

{"title":"The Role of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Feeding Behavior of European Corn Borer","authors":"A. Sarajlić, E. Raspudić, Z. Lončarić, M. Josipović, I. Majić","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92598","url":null,"abstract":"European corn borer (ECB) creates tunnels inside the plant stalks, causing damage, which could significantly decrease yield loss. This study aimed to determine the relationship between damage caused by ECB larval feeding and different irrigation and nitrogen fertilization rates on different maize genotypes. We conducted a field experiment in Croatia from 2012 to 2014. Increased plant nitrogen adsorption was observed under irrigation only in drought years, and it was decreased in optimal or extremely wet years. We found a weak or a moderate relationship between ECB damage and nitrogen concentration, but the greatest ECB damage was in all years recorded in treatments with the highest fertilization rates. However, the highest plant nitrogen concentration was observed in the hybrid with the lowest damage from ECB larvae. The maize damage caused by ECB larval feeding was negatively affected by high plant nitrogen concentrations only when plants were under drought stress. Nitrogen uptake was increased in irrigated plots. We did not find a strong relationship between the C/N ratio or irrigation and intensity of ECB damage. In 2012, when the narrowest C/N ratio was calculated, the greatest damage by ECB was measured. Further studies are needed since we detected the significant impact of drought on intensive ECB larval feeding.","PeriodicalId":19936,"journal":{"name":"Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84712625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Integrated Pest Management: A Paradigm for Modern Age 害虫综合治理:现代的范例

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-05-05 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92283

Tamanreet Kaur, M. Kaur

引用次数: 6

Practical Approaches to Pest Control: The Use of Natural Compounds 防治害虫的实用方法:使用天然化合物

Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production Pub Date : 2020-04-22 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91792

S. Stanković, M. Kostić, Igor Kostić, S. Krnjajić

{"title":"Practical Approaches to Pest Control: The Use of Natural Compounds","authors":"S. Stanković, M. Kostić, Igor Kostić, S. Krnjajić","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.91792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91792","url":null,"abstract":"Food production is challenged by different factors: climate changes, market competitiveness, food safety, public demands, environmental challenges, new and invasive pests, etc. Intensive food production must be protected against pests, which is nowadays impossible with traditional techniques. The use of eco-friendly biopesticides based on essential oils (EOs), plant extracts (PE), and inert dusts appears to be a complementary or alternative methodology to the conventional chemically synthesized insecticides. The use of such biopesticides reduces the adverse pesticide effects on human health and environment. Biopesticides can exhibit toxic, repellent, and antifeeding effects. Development of bio-insecticides tackles the problem of food safety and residues in fresh food. Innovation within this approach is the combination of several types of active ingredients with complementary effects. Essential oils are well-known compounds with insecticide or repellent activities. New approaches, tools, and products for ecological pest management may substantially decrease pesticide use, especially in fruit and vegetable production. A win-win strategy is to find an appropriate nature-based compound having impact on pests, together with pesticide use, when unavoidable. Toxic or repellent activity could be used for pest control in the field conditions, as well as attractiveness of some compounds for mass trapping, before pests cause significant economic damage.","PeriodicalId":19936,"journal":{"name":"Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87304031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13