Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice最新文献

The Impacts of Clinical Pharmacists’ Interventions on Clinical Significance and Cost Avoidance in a Tertiary Care University Hospital in Oman: A Retrospective Analysis 阿曼某三级大学医院临床药师干预对临床意义和成本规避的影响:回顾性分析

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050127

J. Al-Maqbali, A. Taqi, Samyia Al-Ajmi, Buthaina Al-Hamadani, Farhat Al-Hamadani, Fatima Bahram, Kifah Al-Balushi, Sarah Gamal, Esra Al-Lawati, Bushra Al Siyabi, Ekram Al Siyabi, Nashwa Al-Sharji, I. Al-Zakwani

{"title":"The Impacts of Clinical Pharmacists’ Interventions on Clinical Significance and Cost Avoidance in a Tertiary Care University Hospital in Oman: A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"J. Al-Maqbali, A. Taqi, Samyia Al-Ajmi, Buthaina Al-Hamadani, Farhat Al-Hamadani, Fatima Bahram, Kifah Al-Balushi, Sarah Gamal, Esra Al-Lawati, Bushra Al Siyabi, Ekram Al Siyabi, Nashwa Al-Sharji, I. Al-Zakwani","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy10050127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10050127","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Pharmaceutical interventions are implicit components of the enhanced role that clinical pharmacists provide in clinical settings. We aimed to study the clinical significance and analyze the presumed cost avoidance achieved by clinical pharmacists’ interventions. Methods: A retrospective study of documented clinical pharmacists’ interventions at a tertiary care hospital in Oman was conducted between January and March 2022. The interventions were electronically recorded in the patients’ medical records as routine practice by clinical pharmacists. Data on clinical outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Cost implications were cross checked by another clinical pharmacist, and then, cost avoidance was calculated using the Rx Medi-Trend system values. Results: A total of 2032 interventions were analyzed, and 97% of them were accepted by the treating physicians. Around 30% of the accepted interventions were for antimicrobials, and the most common type was dosage adjustment (30%). Treatment efficacy was enhanced in 60% and toxicity was avoided in 22% of the interventions. The presumed cost avoided during the study period was USD 110,000 with a projected annual cost avoidance of approximately USD 440,000. Conclusion: There was an overall positive clinical and financial impact of clinical pharmacists’ interventions. Most interventions have prevented moderate or major harm with a high physician acceptance rate. Optimal documentation of the interventions is crucial for emphasizing clinical pharmacists’ value in multi-specialty hospitals.","PeriodicalId":19920,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90442088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Assessment of Student Pharmacists’ Knowledge of Electronic Cigarettes or Vapes—A Cross Sectional Study at One College of Pharmacy 学生药剂师对电子烟或电子烟知识的评估——一所药学院的横断面研究

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050131

I. Alfayoumi, O. Aqel, D. Axon

{"title":"An Assessment of Student Pharmacists’ Knowledge of Electronic Cigarettes or Vapes—A Cross Sectional Study at One College of Pharmacy","authors":"I. Alfayoumi, O. Aqel, D. Axon","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy10050131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10050131","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the knowledge of e-cigarettes/vapes among a sample of student pharmacists. A 22-item cross-sectional electronic questionnaire was administered to all third- and fourth-year student pharmacists enrolled at one college of pharmacy in the United States (N = 256). Data were collected over six weeks in March/April 2022. One point was assigned for each correct knowledge item; points were then summed to create a total knowledge score for each person. Differences in the proportion of students who correctly answered each knowledge item were compared between year groups using a chi-square test, while differences between year groups for total knowledge score were compared using a two-sample t-test. The a priori alpha level was 0.05. Fifty students (third year = 30, fourth year = 20; female = 60%) completed the survey. Students’ e-cigarettes/vapes knowledge varied depending on the item. There was no statistically significant difference between third- and fourth-year students for total mean knowledge scores (third year = 12.5 ± 3.3, fourth year = 11.2 ± 3.1, p = 0.1780) or for each knowledge item, except for items 10 and 20. In conclusion, the findings from this survey of student pharmacists at one college of pharmacy in the United States indicate a need for more education around e-cigarettes/vapes for student pharmacists so that they are better able to counsel patients on their use.","PeriodicalId":19920,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82073561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guidelines for Assessing and Enhancing the Organizational Vitality of Pharmacy Educational Programs: A Call to Action! 评估和提高药学教育项目组织活力的指南:行动呼吁!

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050128

A. Malhotra, Jeremy Hughes, David G Fuentes

{"title":"Guidelines for Assessing and Enhancing the Organizational Vitality of Pharmacy Educational Programs: A Call to Action!","authors":"A. Malhotra, Jeremy Hughes, David G Fuentes","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy10050128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10050128","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational vitality encompasses organizational mission and identity, organizational purpose and values, and employee engagement, cohesiveness, anxiety, and information sharing. Using the organizational vitality framework consisting of the following five pillars: (1) human, (2) knowledge, (3) intellectual, (4) financial capital, and (5) market value, we propose a reflection guide and specific calls to action for academic leaders including deans, department chairs, assistant/associate deans, and others within pharmacy and healthcare education systems. Our overall aim is to provide a blueprint for academic leaders to assess and enhance the organizational health, vitality, resiliency, and sustainability of their pharmacy educational programs using an established organizational vitality framework. This guide can help academic leaders at all levels to reflect on their organization’s vitality and use the steps outlined here to renew conversations about faculty life, identities as leaders, the global pharmacy Academy’s core mission and values, and the pursuit of work-life harmony in the context of their pharmacy schools’ organizational vitality. All leaders within pharmacy educational programs should identify and embrace a holistic and guided framework that emphasizes organizational vitality.","PeriodicalId":19920,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72770669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacist-Managed Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Programs within Australian Hospital and Health Services—A National Survey of Current Practice 澳大利亚医院和卫生服务中药剂师管理的治疗药物监测项目——一项当前实践的全国调查

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050135

P. Firman, K. Tan, A. Clavarino, M. Taing, K. Whitfield

{"title":"Pharmacist-Managed Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Programs within Australian Hospital and Health Services—A National Survey of Current Practice","authors":"P. Firman, K. Tan, A. Clavarino, M. Taing, K. Whitfield","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy10050135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10050135","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacist-managed therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) services have demonstrated positive outcomes in the literature, including reduced duration of therapy and decreased incidence of the adverse effects of drug therapy. Although the evidence has demonstrated the benefits of these TDM services, this has predominately been within international healthcare systems. The extent to which pharmacist-managed TDM services exist within Australia, and the roles and responsibilities of the pharmacists involved compared to their counterparts in other countries, remains largely unknown. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted evaluating pharmacist-managed TDM programs within Australian hospital and healthcare settings. Pharmacist perceptions were also explored about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and barriers associated with implementing a pharmacist-managed TDM service. A total of 92 surveys were returned, which represents a response rate of 38%. Pharmacist-managed TDM programs were present in 15% of respondents. It is only in the minority of hospitals where there is a pharmacist-managed service, with pharmacists involved in recommending pathology and medication doses. The programs highlighted improved patient outcomes but had difficulty maintaining the educational packages and training. For hospitals without a service, a lack of funding and time were highlighted as barriers. Based on the findings of this survey, there is minimal evidence of pharmacist-managed TDM models within Australian hospital and health services. A standardized national approach to pharmacist-managed TDM services and recognition of this specialist area for pharmacists could be a potential solution to this.","PeriodicalId":19920,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85693022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Patient-Guided Talking Points to Address COVID-19 and General Vaccine Hesitancy 以患者为导向的谈话要点，解决COVID-19和普遍的疫苗犹豫

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050137

Elaine Nguyen, Melanie Wright, C. Oliphant, Kevin W. Cleveland, John Holmes, Mary A Nies, Renee F. Robinson

引用次数: 0

Impact of Illegible Prescriptions on Dispensing Practice: A Pilot Study of South African Pharmacy Personnel 难以辨认的处方对配药实践的影响:南非药房人员的试点研究

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050132

Tasneem Modi, Ntandoyenkosi Khumalo, Rubina Shaikh, Zelna Booth, Stephanie Leigh-de Rapper, G. D. Mahumane

{"title":"Impact of Illegible Prescriptions on Dispensing Practice: A Pilot Study of South African Pharmacy Personnel","authors":"Tasneem Modi, Ntandoyenkosi Khumalo, Rubina Shaikh, Zelna Booth, Stephanie Leigh-de Rapper, G. D. Mahumane","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy10050132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10050132","url":null,"abstract":"Illegible prescriptions are an illegal, frequent, and longstanding problem for pharmacy personnel engaged in dispensing. These contribute to patient safety issues and negatively impact safe dispensing in pharmaceutical delivery. To date, little is documented on measures taken to assess the negative impact posed by illegible prescriptions on South African pharmacy dispensing personnel. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to evaluate the ability of pharmacy personnel to read and interpret illegible prescriptions correctly; and to report on their perceived challenges, views and concerns when presented with an illegible prescription to dispense. A cross-sectional, three-tiered self-administered survey was conducted among pharmacy personnel. A total of 885 measurements were recorded. The ability to read an illegible prescription is not an indicator of competency, as all (100%) participants (novice and experienced) made errors and experienced difficulty evaluating and deciphering the illegible prescription. The medication names and dosages were correctly identified by only 20% and 18% of all participants. The use of digital prescriptions was indicated by 70% of the participants as a probable solution to the problem. Overall, improving the quality of written prescriptions and instructions can potentially assist dispensing pharmacy personnel in reducing illegible prescription-related patient safety issues and dispensing errors.","PeriodicalId":19920,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73546372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The U.S. Travel Health Pharmacists’ Role in a Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Era 美国旅行卫生药剂师在后covid -19大流行时代的作用

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050134

K. Hurley-Kim, Karina Babish, Eva Y. Chen, Alexis Díaz, Nathan C. Hahn, Derek T P Evans, S. Seed, Karl Hess

{"title":"The U.S. Travel Health Pharmacists’ Role in a Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Era","authors":"K. Hurley-Kim, Karina Babish, Eva Y. Chen, Alexis Díaz, Nathan C. Hahn, Derek T P Evans, S. Seed, Karl Hess","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy10050134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10050134","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many countries have enforced strict regulations on travel since the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in December 2019. However, with the development of several vaccines and tests to help identify it, international travel has mostly resumed in the United States (US). Community pharmacists have long been highly accessible to the public and are capable of providing travel health services and are in an optimal position to provide COVID-19 patient care services to those who are now starting to travel again. Objectives: (1) To discuss how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the practice of travel health and pharmacist provided travel health services in the US and (2) to discuss the incorporation COVID-19 prevention measures, as well as telehealth and other technologies, into travel health care services. Methods: A literature review was undertaken utilizing the following search engines and internet websites: PubMed, Google Scholar, Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), and the United States Department of Health and Human Services to identify published articles on pharmacist and pharmacy-based travel health services and patient care in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed many country’s entry requirements which may now include COVID-19 vaccination, testing, and/or masking requirements in country. Telehealth and other technological advancements may further aid the practice of travel health by increasing patient access to care. Conclusions: Community pharmacists should consider incorporating COVID-19 vaccination and testing services in their travel health practices in order to meet country-specific COVID-19 entry requirements. Further, pharmacists should consider utilizing telehealth and other technologies to increase access to care while further limiting the potential spread and impact of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":19920,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81249154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Comparison of Real and Virtual Laboratories for Pharmacy Teaching 药学教学中真实实验室与虚拟实验室的比较

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050133

J. Schneider, Chelsea Felkai, Irene A. Munro

{"title":"A Comparison of Real and Virtual Laboratories for Pharmacy Teaching","authors":"J. Schneider, Chelsea Felkai, Irene A. Munro","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy10050133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10050133","url":null,"abstract":"New approaches to teaching and learning in the tertiary setting offer students flexibility for learning and, in a pandemic, suggests ways to provide learning when face-to-face delivery cannot be conducted. Courses that contain a hands-on laboratory component can be resource intensive in terms of equipment, staff, and facilities, thus more difficult to deliver when hands-on laboratory work is precluded. This study developed two virtual laboratories that could be completed online and, using a crossover design, evaluated student learning outcomes from virtual and real laboratory activities for 57 students. It also gained student feedback on their learning experiences. Overall, student knowledge increased significantly for each topic after completing either the virtual or real laboratory activities. However, no significant difference in learning was observed when outcomes from virtual or real laboratories were compared. Feedback from students indicated that most students found online modules easier to follow, they provided better background information, and would be revisited, but real laboratories were more interesting. Reinforcing learning, understanding, and remembering processes were reportedly similar for both, indicating no negative impact when a virtual laboratory was used. This study provides supporting evidence for the use of virtual laboratories where the focus is on learning concepts and not on student proficiency at operating laboratory equipment.","PeriodicalId":19920,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83043434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Advances in Pharmacy Practice: A Look towards the Future 药学实践的进展:展望未来

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050125

J. Atkinson

引用次数: 4

A Systematic Review of Independent and Chain Pharmacies Effects on Medication Adherence 独立和连锁药店对药物依从性影响的系统评价

Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10050124

J. Nind, Alesha Smith, S. Scahill, Carlo A Marra

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Independent and Chain Pharmacies Effects on Medication Adherence","authors":"J. Nind, Alesha Smith, S. Scahill, Carlo A Marra","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy10050124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10050124","url":null,"abstract":"As the last step in the care pathway, pharmacies can significantly impact a patient’s medication adherence and the success of treatment. The potential impact of patient’s pharmacy choice on their medication adherence has yet to be established. This study aims to review the impact a pharmacies ownership model, either independent or chain, has on its users’ medication adherence. As a generalisation, independent pharmacies offer a more personal service and chain pharmacies offer medications at lower prices. A keyword search of EMBASE and MEDLINE databases in March 2022 identified 410 studies, of which 5 were deemed to meet our inclusion criteria. The studies mostly took place in North America, measured medication adherence using pharmacy records over a 12-month period. This review was unable to substantiate a difference in the rate of medication adherence between the users of independent and chain pharmacies. However, those with a lower income, greater medication burden, and increased age appeared to use an independent pharmacy more than a chain pharmacy and to have greater medication adherence when doing so. Establishing the differences in service provision between types of pharmacies and why people choose a pharmacy to frequent should be a focus of future research.","PeriodicalId":19920,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy: Journal of Pharmacy Education and Practice","volume":"67 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75941924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0