Pediatric Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Role of Right Atrial Appendage Tissue for Valve Reconstruction in Children.","authors":"Zhangwei Wang, Honghao Fu, Shoujun Li","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03967-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03967-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most pediatric patients with valve reconstruction require reoperation after discharge, primarily due to valve structural degeneration or infective endocarditis, which is caused by valve leaflet material problems. Previous studies generally believe that glutaraldehyde-solidified autologous pericardial tissue is superior to other biological tissues; however, it is regrettable that it lacks growth potential. It is urgent to develop new valve materials with certain growth potential, without anticoagulation and rejection. The right atrial appendage tissue is a native tissue and can be used immediately without any chemical fixation. This tissue is stretchable, elastic, and relatively thin. It has many benefits such as easy access, low price, safe and effective, short learning curve, strong reproducibility, no need for anticoagulation, no immunogenicity, and certain growth potential, which are worthy of promotion in many developing countries with limited medical resources. This review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanism, past and current status of right atrial appendage tissue for valve reconstruction in children, and prospects it, provides the evidence-based medical basis for the surgical treatment of valve diseases in children, and opens up another direction for the surgical repair of valve diseases in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ten-Year Experience with Pediatric Pulmonary Vein Interventions: Adverse Events and Institutional Strategies for Safety.","authors":"Daiji Takajo, Paul J Critser, Amr Matoq, Sarosh P Batlivala, Shabana Shahanavaz, Russel Hirsch","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03955-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03955-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) in pediatric patients is associated with significant morbidity and requires repeated transcatheter interventions to maintain pulmonary vein patency. While these procedures can improve clinical outcomes, they come with inherent risks, and data on safety and post-procedural outcomes are limited. This single-center, retrospective study included pediatric patients who underwent transcatheter interventions for PVS between 2015 and 2024. Data were collected on patient demographics, procedural details, post-procedure disposition, adverse events (AEs), and hospital length of stay. Statistical analysis was performed to identify predictors of AEs. A total of 224 catheterization procedures were performed on 67 children with PVS. The overall AE rate was 11%, with the most common events including puncture site bleeding (5 cases), followed by pulse loss (4 cases), pulmonary hemorrhage (3 cases), stent embolization (3 cases), cerebrovascular accident (2 cases), contained vascular tear of pulmonary veins (2 cases), heart block (2 cases), supraventricular tachycardia (SVT, 2 cases), intra-abdominal hemorrhage associated with transhepatic access (1 case), and ST-segment changes (1 case). Despite these risks, most patients, particularly those treated on an outpatient basis, experienced short hospital stays. Operator experience and multidisciplinary care were critical in optimizing safety and outcomes. No statistically significant predictors of AEs were identified. Percutaneous interventions for PVS can be performed safely with strict adherence to standardized protocols, allowing for a controlled rate of complications despite increasing case volumes. While serious AEs such as cerebrovascular events and pulmonary hemorrhage remain a concern, targeted strategies may contribute to improved safety outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144668153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Furosemide Response Score: A Valuable Clinical Tool for Predicting AKI in Infants After Cardiac Surgery.","authors":"Brijesh Sathian, Javed Iqbal","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03964-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03964-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144668152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Systolic and Diastolic Function in Patients with Repaired Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery.","authors":"Patrick B McGeoghegan, Luke Borgelt, Stuart Lipsitz, Lynn A Sleeper, Ryan Kobayashi, Eric Feins, Chris Baird, Nikhil Thatte, Kevin Friedman","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03957-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03957-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term data on systolic and diastolic function following anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) repair are limited. We evaluated trends in these parameters and clinical outcomes over long-term follow-up. We reviewed pediatric patients who underwent ALCAPA repair from 1983-2021with ≥ 6 months of echocardiographic follow-up, assessing diastolic function indices including indexed left atrial (LA) volume, mitral inflow (E/A, E-wave deceleration time [DT]), tissue Doppler E', and E/E'. A diastolic function score (DFS; range 0-4) was calculated from these indices, with persistent diastolic dysfunction (DD) defined as DFS ≥ 2 at ≥ 6 months post-repair. Kaplan-Meier analysis assessed time-to normalization for left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and volumes. Regression splines analyzed trends, and Fisher's exact test evaluated associations with a composite clinical outcome (heart failure or ventricular tachyarrhythmia). Among 37 patients, median preoperative LV EF was 26.5% [IQR 20.8, 45]). Median time-to EF normalization was 11.3 months [IQR 3.1, 72], with 34 patients (92%) normalizing. LV volumes down-trended, but 27% remained dilated. Persistent LV DD was observed in 21 patients (57%), only three of which normalized. Higher LA volume at discharge was associated with persistent LV DD (p = 0.047). E' Z-scores remained depressed, and E/E' Z-scores elevated (p > 0.05). Persistent LV DD correlated with the composite (p = 0.05), whereas abnormal LV EF did not (p = 1.00). LV systolic function normalized in most patients post-ALCAPA repair, but 27% exhibited persistent LV dilation. The majority of patients had persistent DD, and it tended to remain abnormal long-term. Persistent DD was associated with worse clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery.","authors":"Christina G Stevens, Stuart Lipsitz, Ravi R Thiagarajan, Daniel L Hames","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03961-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03961-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) occasionally require perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (ECMO). Outcomes and associations with survival in this cohort are poorly described. This study utilized an international database to identify the associations with mortality and cardiac non-recovery in children with ALCAPA receiving perioperative ECMO. Retrospective analysis was performed using the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry database for patients with ALCAPA undergoing ECMO cannulation between 2005 and 2022. Demographic information, clinical characteristics, and ECMO-related variables and complications were compared. Of 163 patients with ALCAPA analyzed, overall survival to discharge was 74%. Non-survivors had lower weight and suffered more complications on ECMO compared with survivors. In multivariable analysis, time to ECMO (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05), pre-ECMO pH (OR 0.02, 95% CI 0.01-0.67), length of ECMO run (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.01), and presence of mechanical (OR 6.33, 95% CI 1.81-22.1) and neurologic complications (OR 7.6, 95% CI 2.1-27.9) had increased odds for poor outcome. Factors associated with mortality and cardiac non-recovery for patients with ALCAPA on ECMO include pre-ECMO variables and accrued complications on ECMO. Thoughtful consideration of timing of ECMO deployment and careful ECMO management to prevent complications are necessary to improve outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Feasibility and Reproducibility of Measuring Myocardial Performance Index Using Two-Dimensional Phase Contrast Imaging in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease.","authors":"Aya El Jerbi, Sukran Erdem, Mansi Gaitonde, Maria Gusseva, Gerald Greil, Qing Zou, Tarique Hussain, Munes Fares","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03959-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03959-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The myocardial performance index (MPI) integrates systolic and diastolic function to provide a geometry-independent measure of global ventricular performance. Despite its clinical utility, MPI remains underutilized in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), especially in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of MPI measurement using mitral inflow phase-contrast CMR (PCCMR) in children and young adults with both normal cardiac anatomy and CHD, and to explore its relationship with ventricular function. A total of 124 participants, aged 4 to 27 years, who underwent clinically indicated CMR between August 2017 and December 2023, were retrospectively included. The cohort consisted of individuals with normal cardiac anatomy (n = 24), patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) without significant residual lesions (n = 30), and patients with single-ventricle physiology following Fontan palliation (n = 70). MPI was calculated as (isovolumetric contraction time + isovolumetric relaxation time) divided by ejection time. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was determined from standard cine CMR. Inter-reader agreement was excellent (r = 0.81-0.86, P < 0.001). MPI values were comparable between controls and TOF patients (0.32 ± 0.06 vs. 0.27 ± 0.08). In contrast, Fontan patients with systolic dysfunction had significantly higher MPI (0.65 ± 0.14) compared to those with preserved function (0.37 ± 0.05, P < 0.001), irrespective of systemic ventricle type. Additionally, MPI correlated with established prognostic markers for Fontan failure such as dilated volumes and AV valve regurgitation. These findings support PCCMR-derived MPI as a feasible, reproducible, and geometry-independent functional marker that complements other known biometrics such as ejection fraction, valve regurgitation and ventricular volumes, particularly in single ventricle patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Outcome Following Prenatal Diagnosis of Transposition of the Great Arteries.","authors":"Peter Lillitos, Grace Moriarty, Thomas Witter, Conal Austin, Owen Miller, Gurleen K Sharland, John M Simpson, Vita Zidere, Trisha V Vigneswaran","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03939-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03939-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Outcomes following the arterial switch operation (ASO) are well documented. Survival and long-term morbidity for fetuses diagnosed with dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) are less reported. We aimed to document survival, reinterventions and morbidity for prenatally diagnosed d-TGA to inform prenatal counseling. Fetuses with d-TGA with or without ventricular septal defect (VSD) diagnosed between 1995 and 2022 at our institution were reviewed. Outcomes were compared to postnatally diagnosed patients undergoing intervention during the same era. Two hundred and seven fetuses were diagnosed resulting in 201 livebirths, 2 intrauterine demise, and 4 pregnancy terminations. There were 137 (68.2%) with isolated d-TGA and 64 (31.8%) with d-TGA-VSD. Median birthweight 3.21 kg (IQR 2.94-3.5 kg), and median birth gestation 38 weeks (IQR 38-39). Preoperative balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) was performed in 126/201(62.7%). No patients died prior to BAS. Three died before ASO following BAS. ASO was performed in 198/201(98.5%) with 45/198(22.7%) having concomitant VSD closure. Thirty-day survival for ASO was 95.5%. Survival over the study period was 186/201(92.5%). During the same period, 91 infants were referred for surgery with postnatal diagnosis, and 90 underwent ASO. There was no significant difference in 30-day or long-term survival following ASO according to timing of diagnosis. Three prenatally diagnosed patients undergoing the ASO were lost to follow up. There was no significant difference in reintervention rates (prenatal: 18/195 (9.2%); postnatal: 12/86 (13.9%) p = 0.24). Morbidity in prenatally diagnosed patients included myocardial dysfunction 3/195(1.5%), pulmonary hypertension 1/195(0.5%), supraventricular tachycardia 3/195(1.5%), neurological morbidity 9/195(4.6%), and autism 11/195(5.6%), and none were statistically different to the postnatal group. Survival following prenatal diagnosis of d-TGA is good. In the prenatally diagnosed cohort there were no deaths prior to BAS. Three died after BAS, with one of these deaths attributable to newborn hypoxia between BAS and ASO. Following ASO, most patients survive into third decade following prenatal diagnosis. Reintervention occurred in 9.2%. Neurological and behavioral morbidity affected approximately 1 in 20 patients. Outcomes for those with prenatal diagnosis of d-TGA are comparable with the patients that undergo ASO following postnatal diagnosis, but this excludes patients with a postnatal diangosis who did not survive to cardiac intervention. This data will be helpful for prenatal counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of Coiling Aorto-Pulmonary Collaterals in Children with Complex Congenital Heart Diseases.","authors":"Ashley Molloy, Neil Tailor, Katherine Hunter, Umar Boston, Shiva Sathanandam, Shyam Sathanandam","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03946-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03946-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the benefits of coiling aortopulmonary collaterals (APCs) before Fontan completion and prior to heart transplantation due to failed Fontan. The advantages of APC coiling in these situations remain unclear. Outcomes were compared between those undergoing the Fontan operation between June 2013 and December 2015, who did not undergo coiling of APCs, and those between January 2016 and May 2022, when aggressive coiling of APCs was performed. The 1-year post-transplant survival was compared for patients from Memphis, TN, where aggressive APC coiling was performed before transplantation, to a previously published report from St. Louis, MO, where APCs were actively coiled and an earlier era when they were not. The 44 Fontan patients with prior APC coiling were compared to 22 patients matched for age, diagnosis, and hemodynamics. The chest tube output (22.6 ± 6.1 vs. 41.8 ± 8.2 mL/kg; P < 0.001), the chest tube duration (5.1 ± 1.1 vs. 10.3 ± 4.5 days; P < 0.001), and the hospital length of stay (9.9 ± 1.7 vs. 27.4 ± 6.2 days; P < 0.001) were significantly lower for those who had APC coiling compared to those who did not. In St. Louis, MO, when APCs were not coiled before transplantation (N = 27), the 1-year survival rate was 66%, which improved to 85% (N = 20) in the era of APC coiling. In the Memphis experience (N = 25) with aggressive APC coiling, the 1-year survival rate was 92% (P = 0.018). APC coiling before Fontan completion decreases chest tube output and hospitalization days. It may also improve the 1-year survival rate after heart transplantation for children with failed Fontan.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Early Development in Congenital Heart Disease Using a Novel Caregiver Rating Method.","authors":"H Gerry Taylor, Jessica Quach, Adrien M Winning, Lindsay Smith, Carl Backes, Omar Khalid, Seth Warschausky, Patricia Berglund, Renee Lajiness-O'Neill","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03944-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03944-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early identification of the infants with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) exhibiting developmental delays would allow for timely interventions to reduce adverse longer-term consequences. Web-based caregiver assessments of developmental milestones complement direct testing as a means for identifying delays outside of the clinic setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of a recently developed caregiver rating of early development, the PediaTrac™, as an alternative to ratings of developmental milestones in a sample of infants and toddlers with CCHD. The PediaTrac, along with ratings of developmental milestones, on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, 3rd Edition (ASQ-3), were administered to caregivers of 45 infants and toddlers with CCHD ages 2 to 18 months. PediaTrac ratings were analyzed using item response theory modeling to obtain scores reflecting skill levels in the motor and social-communication-cognition domains. Validity was examined by comparing scores to those for a reference group of term-born infants/toddlers assessed in a prior study and to delays in milestones on the ASQ-3 and medical and sociodemographic risk factors. Motor scores were lower than expected for the CCHD sample relative to term reference group, t(44) = - 3.269, p = 0.002, indicating a high rate of motor deficits (31%). Although the CCHD sample did not differ from the reference group in the social-communication-cognition domain, lower scores in one or both domains were associated with delayed milestones on the ASQ-3, longer length of hospitalizations, and single ventricle physiology. Findings confirm delays in motor development in infants and toddlers with CCHD and support PediaTrac as a valid alternative to milestone-based caregiver screening of early development in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Primary Vs. Staged Repair in 4628 Neonates with Symptomatic Tetralogy of Fallot: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohamed Nabih Bashir, Mohamed Hamouda Elkasaby, Mohamed Mohamed Belal, Loubna Mohamed Saad, Basma Badrawy Khalefa, Mazen Negmeldin Aly Yassin, Malak Mohamed Abd El-Hameed, Safaa Mohammad Almawas, Rawan Medhat El-Gayar","doi":"10.1007/s00246-025-03949-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-025-03949-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are two strategies to treat neonates with symptomatic tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), primary repair (PR) and staged repair (SR). There is still a debate on the best surgical strategy. We aim to compare PR and SR regarding mortality and comorbidities. We executed a systematic search on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and Cochrane Central till January 10, 2025. We included studies with neonates with symptomatic TOF who received an intervention within the first 30 days of life, either with SR or PR. The primary outcomes were in-hospital, 30-day, and 2-year mortality rates. We used Review Manager to calculate the risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for categorical variables and the mean difference (MD) and its 95% CI for continuous outcomes. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. The I-squared test was used to assess heterogeneity. The RRs of mortality at 30 days and 2 years were comparable between both approaches (RR = 0.53; [95% CI = 0.22-1.27], P = 0.15) and (RR = 1.22; [95% CI = 0.0.99-1.51], P = 0.07) respectively. While the length of hospital stay (MD = 18.47 days; [95% CI = 10.87-26.08], P < 0.00001), length of intensive care unit stay (MD = 4.18 days; [95% CI = 3.12-5.23], P < 0.00001), and cardiopulmonary bypass time (MD = 46,47 day; [95% CI = 37.71-55.24], P < 0.00001), all were longer with SR. PR and SR strategies are equivalent regarding short- and long-term mortality in neonates with symptomatic TOF.</p>","PeriodicalId":19814,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}