Pesticidi I Fitomedicina最新文献

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Toxicity of Euphorbia helioscopia pellets to two phytophagous molluscs, Theba pisana Müller, 1774 (Pulmonata: Helicidae) and Arion hortensis Férussac, 1819 (Pulmonata: Arionidae). 大戟丸对两种植食性软体动物的毒性,Theba pisana Müller,1774年(肺目:Helidae)和Arion hortensis Férussac,1819年(肺科:Arionidae)。
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/pif1804241h
Anjoud Harmouzi, A. Boughdad, Y. El-Ammari, A. Chaouch
{"title":"Toxicity of Euphorbia helioscopia pellets to two phytophagous molluscs, Theba pisana Müller, 1774 (Pulmonata: Helicidae) and Arion hortensis Férussac, 1819 (Pulmonata: Arionidae).","authors":"Anjoud Harmouzi, A. Boughdad, Y. El-Ammari, A. Chaouch","doi":"10.2298/pif1804241h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1804241h","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMaRY Harmful land snails and slugs are currently one of the most important threats facing agriculture in many parts of the world. Synthetic molluscicides are the main control method against these gastropods. However, dangers caused by these chemicals to the environment have led scientists to research for environmentally friendly alternatives. The objective of our work was to test and evaluate food pellets containing roots, stems, leaves or flowers of Euphorbia helioscopia against Theba pisana and Arion hortensis adults. Toxicity of the prepared pellets varied depending on plant organ and mollusc species tested. Pellets made of stems (LD 50 = 1.35 g / 100 ml of agar at 2%) and leaves (LD 50 = 1.39 g / 100 ml of 2% agar) proved more toxic to adult snails than those made of roots and flowers, which had no significant effects. In the case of slugs, pellets made of leaves (LD 50 = 1.14 g / 100 ml of 2% agar) were more toxic than those made of stems (LD 50 = 1.33 g / 100 ml of 2% agar), flowers (LD 50 = 1.75 g / 100 ml of 2% agar) and roots (LD 50 = 1.98 g / 100 ml of 2% agar). Compared to a synthetic product containing metaldehyde 5%, the results show that the use of these molluscicides derived from plants as pellets is environment- and health-conscious, targeted and economical. These products can be used in plant protection against phytophagous slugs and snails. Kod puževa golaća, pelet od lista (LD 50 = 1.14 g / 100 ml agara 2%) toksičniji od onog sa stablom (LD 50 = 1.33 g / 100 ml agara 2%), cvetom (LD 50 = 1.75 g / 100 ml agara 2%) i korenom (LD 50 = 1.98 g / 100 ml agara 2%). poređenju bazi metaldehida 5%, rezultati pokazali moluscidi biljnoj bazi peleta ekološki pogodni, ekonomični. od fitofagnih puževa i puževa golaća.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"114 1","pages":"241-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Response of wild Mus musculus to baits containing essential oils: II bromadiolone and difenacoum baits with 0.75% cinnamon oil tested in storages 野生Mus musculus对含有精油的诱饵的反应:II储存中测试的含有0.75%肉桂油的溴敌隆和双芬酸菌诱饵
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1804253J
Goran Jokić, S. Mitrić, D. Pejin, T. Blažić, Suzana Djedovic, B. Stojnić, M. Vukša
{"title":"Response of wild Mus musculus to baits containing essential oils: II bromadiolone and difenacoum baits with 0.75% cinnamon oil tested in storages","authors":"Goran Jokić, S. Mitrić, D. Pejin, T. Blažić, Suzana Djedovic, B. Stojnić, M. Vukša","doi":"10.2298/PIF1804253J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1804253J","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMaRY The effects of 0.75 % concentration of cinnamon essential oil on bait attractiveness and total biological efficacy of bromadiolone and difenacoum rodenticides to the house mouse were tested in practice. The experiments were conducted in storages with stable house mouse populations for which no resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides had been previously reported. A statistically significant difference was detected between bromadiolone and difenacoum baits. Consumption of bromadiolone baits supplemented with cinnamon essential oil was 74 % higher than the consumption of bromadiolone baits without cinnamon oil. The average efficacy of bromadiolone baits in controlling house mice was 96 %. Cinnamon essential oil added to difenacoum baits increased bait consumption by 39 %, i.e. it was 119 % higher than the consumption of oil-free baits. The average efficacy of difenacoum baits in controlling house mice was 99.5 %.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"128 1","pages":"253-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insecticidal activity of bio-oils and biochar as pyrolysis products and their combination with microbial agents against agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) 热解产物生物油和生物炭的杀虫活性及其与微生物制剂的组合研究(英文)
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1801039S
A. Sayed, R. Behle, K. Tiilikkala, S. Vaughn
{"title":"Insecticidal activity of bio-oils and biochar as pyrolysis products and their combination with microbial agents against agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)","authors":"A. Sayed, R. Behle, K. Tiilikkala, S. Vaughn","doi":"10.2298/PIF1801039S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1801039S","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrolysis technology for producing biochar and bio-oils can be used as a potential alternative to make biopesticides, which are urgently needed in integrated pest management (IPM). Insecticidal activity of three components of bio-oils: aqueous, organic and their mixture, was evaluated individually and with three different entomopathogens: the baculovirus Agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgipMNPV), bacterium Bacillus thuringensis var. kurstaki (Bt) and fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bb) against black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel). The effect of alkaline conditions of spray-dried biochar was studied simultaneously with the microbial pathogens. Our bioassay results indicated that the organic bio-oil phase was the most active, causing 100% mortality after 24 h, when the median lethal toxicity values LC50s (mg/ml) were found. However, the bio-oil fractions applied alone tended to cause higher mortality of the exposed larvae than did either mix with the microbial agents. Also, the results revealed that maximum mortalities were found in spray-dried formulations made with biochar at pH 7.1. It was concluded that pyrolysis oils are effective insecticides, and biochar could be a useful additive in production and formulation of biopesticides. This interesting finding further promotes the use of pyrolysis bio-oils and biochar compounds as eco-friendly alternatives to replace conventional pesticides.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"33 1","pages":"39-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Molecular identification and characterization of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. associated with black root rot of strawberry in Serbia 与塞尔维亚草莓黑根腐病相关的双核根核菌的分子鉴定和特性研究
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1802097V
M. Vojvodić, B. Tanović, M. Mihajlović, P. Mitrović, I. Vico, A. Bulajić
{"title":"Molecular identification and characterization of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. associated with black root rot of strawberry in Serbia","authors":"M. Vojvodić, B. Tanović, M. Mihajlović, P. Mitrović, I. Vico, A. Bulajić","doi":"10.2298/PIF1802097V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1802097V","url":null,"abstract":"Mira Vojvodić1, Brankica Tanović2, Milica Mihajlović2*, Petar Mitrović3, Ivana Vico1 and Aleksandra Bulajić1 1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade, Serbia 2Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31b, Belgrade, Serbia 3Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, Novi Sad, Serbia * Corresponding author: diplagronom@gmail.com Received: 29 June 2018 Accepted: 9 July 2018","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"33 1","pages":"97-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The effects of a synthetic insecticide and a mineral oil on alfalfa insect pests 合成杀虫剂和矿物油对紫花苜蓿害虫的影响
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/pif1804221n
Ivelina Nikolova Мitkova, Natalia Georgieva Аnastasova
{"title":"The effects of a synthetic insecticide and a mineral oil on alfalfa insect pests","authors":"Ivelina Nikolova Мitkova, Natalia Georgieva Аnastasova","doi":"10.2298/pif1804221n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1804221n","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMaRY The effects of the synthetic insecticide Eforia 043 ZK (thiamethoxam+lambda-cyhalothrin), applied alone and at 1/5 and 2/5 reduced doses in a mix with the mineral oil Akarzin, on Tychius flavus Beck. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Adelphocoris lineolatus Goeze (Hemiptera: Miridae), Acyrthosiphon pisum Harr. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), harmful thrips (Thysanoptera) and cicadas (Hemiptera: suborder Auchenorrhyncha) were studied. The efficacy of Eforia (applied alone and in reduced doses) was significantly higher against A. pisum , followed by A. lineolatus and harmful thrips, compared to cicadas. The insecticidal action of Akarzin had a better protective effect against A. pisum , followed by A. lineolatus , in comparison with thrips and cicadas. Combined application of the broad-spectrum insecticide Eforia provided good control against insect pests. The mix of Eforia’s reduced 1/5 dose with the mineral oil showed the highest toxicity throughout the reporting period. Eforia applied at the reduced dose of 2/5 with Akarzin followed in efficacy. A synergistic effect was observed in combinations and was defined as subadditive synergism. Reduced dosage of Eforia and decrease in negative environmental impact of the plant protection products is a friendly approach to integrated pest control. It is important to apply innovative formulations of plant protection products that are safer both for plants and the environment.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"33 1","pages":"221-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68624268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Incidence and distribution of leek yellow stripe virus in allium crops in Serbia 韭菜黄条病毒在塞尔维亚葱属作物中的发病率和分布
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/pif1704145v
I. Vučurović, D. Nikolić, N. Radović, A. Vučurović, D. Ristic, B. Krstic, I. Stanković
{"title":"Incidence and distribution of leek yellow stripe virus in allium crops in Serbia","authors":"I. Vučurović, D. Nikolić, N. Radović, A. Vučurović, D. Ristic, B. Krstic, I. Stanković","doi":"10.2298/pif1704145v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/pif1704145v","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV) is one of the most frequent and important viruses in leek and garlic crops worldwide. In Serbia this virus is found both in leek and garlic, and often at high percentages. During two consecutive years, 2012 and 2013, a total 92 samples were collected from 11 inspected leek-, garlic- and onion-growing locations and they were analyzed for the presence of LYSV using DAS-ELISA. LYSV was detected in 31.5% of the tested samples. In 2012, the presence of LYSV was only detected in leek plants, and in 55.6% of the tested samples. During 2013, LYSV was detected in 85% of leek and 58.3% of garlic samples. In total, LYSV was detected in 56.4% of leek samples and 17.1% garlic samples. LYSV incidence was confirmed using RT-PCR with LYSV specific primers amplifying 1020 bp fragment representing coat protein and part of nuclear inclusion B genes. Molecular identification was confirmed by sequencing of two selected isolates, 181-13 (MG242625) from garlic and 298-13 (MG242624) from leek, and comparing them to the GenBank sequences of LYSV. Phylogenetic analysis of 55 sequences of LYSV from all over the world showed some correlation between host plant and geographical origin of the isolates, forming five separate clades. Two Serbian LYSV isolates fell into distant clades. The Serbian leek isolate 298-13 of LYSV belongs to clade B, while isolate 181-13 originating from garlic belongs in clade E.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"32 1","pages":"145-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68622380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the whitefly parasitoid Ecarsia formosa Gahan 吡虫啉对台湾白蝇的亚致死效应
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1704205D
Tanja Drobnjaković, D. Marčić, M. Prijovic, P. Peric, S. Milenković, J. Bošković
{"title":"Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the whitefly parasitoid Ecarsia formosa Gahan","authors":"Tanja Drobnjaković, D. Marčić, M. Prijovic, P. Peric, S. Milenković, J. Bošković","doi":"10.2298/PIF1704205D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1704205D","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Acute toxicity of an imidacloprid-based product (Confidor 200 SL) to pupae of the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), and its effects on life history traits and population growth in F 1 generation of the surviving parasitoid females of a commercial strain (“Dutch” strain, D) and two local populations from Serbia (Bujanovac, B; Negotin, N) were examined in laboratory bioassays. All trials were carried out at 27±1°C temperature and 60±10% relative humidity, and under 16/8 h daylight/darkness photoperiod in four replications. In acute toxicity bioassays, tobacco leaves carrying parasitoid pupae were treated with a series of symmetrical concentrations (800, 400, 200, 100, 50 and 25 mg a.i./l) covering a 10-90% mortality range. The product based on imidacloprid, applied directly onto parasitoid pupae at mean lethal concentrations (LC 50 ) determined in the acute toxicity assays (30 mg/l, 20 mg/l and 25 mg/l, for populations B, N and D, respectively), significantly affected the survival of females developed from the treated pupae, extended the duration of juvenile development (by 1.81, 1.59 and 1.73 days for populations B, N and D, respectively), significantly reduced total parasitism of females D (25.92 %), total female adult emergence in populations B (27.48 %) and D (17.92 %), and significantly reduced the instantaneous rate of increased only of females N (4.23 %). Considering the high acute toxicity of the imidacloprid product to the pupal stage of E. formosa , and significant reductions in life table and population parameters, imidacloprid is not considered compatible for simultaneous use with the parasitoid E. formosa . A more precise assessment of risks involved in the use of that insecticide requires a more detailed testing in the field. The implications of these results for the concept of integrated control of the greenhouse whitefly are discussed.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"26 1","pages":"205-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Daucus carrota L. - seed germination and natural infection by Fusarium spp. affected by Pseudomonas spp. 桃种子发芽及镰刀菌对假单胞菌的自然感染。
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1704189J
D. Jošić, D. Cvikic, J. Zdravković, Đ. Kuzmanović, M. Zdravković, M. Knežević, S. Pavlović
{"title":"Daucus carrota L. - seed germination and natural infection by Fusarium spp. affected by Pseudomonas spp.","authors":"D. Jošić, D. Cvikic, J. Zdravković, Đ. Kuzmanović, M. Zdravković, M. Knežević, S. Pavlović","doi":"10.2298/PIF1704189J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1704189J","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The inhibitory effect of indigenous Pseudomonas strains on Fusarium spp. isolated from seeds of a new variety of carrot - ‘Vizija’ and their effects on seed germination were observed. Pseudomonas spp. strains were applied as bacterial suspensions (culture, 10 6 CFU mL -1 ) and cell-free supernatant (CFSa -10 6 and CFSb -10 8 CFU mL -1 ) fractions by sowing seeds during 7 (I) and 14 (II) days of incubation. The germination of control ‘Vizija’ seeds was 19% after the first and 40% after the second incubation period. Pseudomonas chlororaphis Q16 strain exhibited statistically significant increases in seed germination with all applied fractions and incubation periods, showing values of 43-62% and 55.5-91%, i.e. increments of 24-43% and 15.5-51% compared to the control, after 7 and 14 days of incubation, respectively. P. chlororaphis K35 showed lower but significantly different seed germination values (38-67%) for all variants, except for 7 days old culture. Pseudomonas sp. Ek1 had weaker seed germination potential, showing statistically significant increment only for CFSa,b (I) and CFSb (II) fractions. All tested Pseudomonas strains inhibited the growth of three Fusarium species isolated from ‘Vizija’ seeds: F. solani, F. oxysporum and F. subglutinans. Natural infection was observed in 20% (I) and 54% (II) of ‘Vizija’ seeds. P. chlororaphis K35 was the most efficient antifungal strain, reducing seed infection 97.5-100%, followed by Q16 with 95-100%, showing no statistically significant mutual difference. Pseudomonas sp. Ek1 showed a weaker antifungal activity and reduced seed infection by 85-96.75%. The application of P. chlororaphis Q16 and K35 as strains effective in improvement of carrot seed germination and growth inhibition of the seed pathogens F. solani, F. oxysporum and F. subglutinans , can be further tested in carrot production for more beneficial effects.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"9 1","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68623044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Allelopathic tolerance of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties to dodder (Cuscuta epithymum L.) 苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种对菟菟子(Cuscuta上皮细胞)的化感耐受性
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1701051M
P. Marinov-Serafimov, I. Golubinova, D. Mari̇nova
{"title":"Allelopathic tolerance of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties to dodder (Cuscuta epithymum L.)","authors":"P. Marinov-Serafimov, I. Golubinova, D. Mari̇nova","doi":"10.2298/PIF1701051M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1701051M","url":null,"abstract":"Allelopathic effects of cold water extracts of Cuscuta epithymum L. on seed germination and initial development of Medicago sativa L. varieties were investigated under laboratory conditions at the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, during 2016-2017. It was found that the water extracts from dry biomass of C. epithymum had a considerably stronger inhibitory effect on the studied M. sativa varieties (IR 32.7-100.0 %), as compared to the extracts of fresh biomass (IR 0.2-40.5%). Depending on the kind of C. epithymum extract (fresh or dry parasitic weed biomass), IRs for seed germination of the tested M. sativa varieties could be conventionally classified into five groups: 1) seed germination stimulation, -1.4% – extracts from fresh biomass affecting the variety „Multifoliolate“; 2) seed germination inhibition of 0.1-10% – extracts prepared from fresh biomass affecting the varieties „Prista 3“, „Pleven 6“, „Prista 5“ and „Obnova“; 3) seed germination inhibition of 11-20% – extracts from fresh biomass affecting the varieties „Roly“ and „Victoria“; 4) seed germination inhibition of 30-45% – extracts from dry biomass affecting the variety „Multifoliolate“; 5) seed germination inhibition of 46-60% – extracts from dry biomass affecting the varieties „Prista 5“, „Prista 3“, „Victoria“, „Roly“, „Dara“, „Pleven 6“ and „Obnova“. The varieties „Victoria“, „Prista 5“ and „Multifoliolate“ of M. sativa possess some allelopathic tolerance because their germination indexes (GI) range from 80.5 to 88.7 % for the extracts prepared from fresh weed biomass of C. epithymum, and from 47.1 to 48.6% for the extracts from dry weed biomass, compared to control treatment. These varieties can be used as components in future breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"32 1","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68621909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Methods for management of soilborne plant pathogens 植物土传病原体管理方法
Pesticidi I Fitomedicina Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/PIF1701009M
M. Mihajlović, E. Rekanović, J. Hrustić, M. Grahovac, B. Tanović
{"title":"Methods for management of soilborne plant pathogens","authors":"M. Mihajlović, E. Rekanović, J. Hrustić, M. Grahovac, B. Tanović","doi":"10.2298/PIF1701009M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1701009M","url":null,"abstract":"Soilborne pathogens cause significant economic losses in agricultural production all over the world. These species can survive for many years in the absence of a host plant by forming persistent structures such as microsclerotia, sclerotia, chlamydospores or oospores. Consequently, soilborne diseases are particularly difficult to predict, detect, diagnose and successfully control. Over the past 30 years, a fumigant, methyl bromide, has been widely used for their control in many crops. In 1992, methyl bromide was listed as an ozone-depleting substance under the Montreal Protocol − an international treaty to protect the ozone layer. During the phaseout of methyl bromide, problems generated in agricultural production made it clear that dependence on a single method or a single chemical should be avoided. The objective of this review paper was to summarize the current knowledge about different methods of soilborne disease control including: crop rotation, steam soil disinfection, soil amendments, hydroponics and soilless growing systems, soil solarization, grafting, biological control and use of natural compounds, and chemical control. Positive and negative aspects of all available methods were reviewed. Benefits, achieved by simultaneous application of several methods based on different mechanisms of actions, are discussed. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. TR31043]","PeriodicalId":19801,"journal":{"name":"Pesticidi I Fitomedicina","volume":"32 1","pages":"9-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68621976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 50
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