Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research最新文献_第3页

Design Optimization and Analysis of Rotor Blade for Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine Using Q-Blade Software 基于Q-Blade软件的水平轴风力机转子叶片设计优化与分析

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.65.75

M. Mujahid, A. Rafai, Muhammad Imran, Mustansar Hayat Saggu, N. Rahman

{"title":"Design Optimization and Analysis of Rotor Blade for Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine Using Q-Blade Software","authors":"M. Mujahid, A. Rafai, Muhammad Imran, Mustansar Hayat Saggu, N. Rahman","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.65.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.65.75","url":null,"abstract":"Wind energy plays a tremendous role in energy power sector in terms of wind turbine. Engineers and scientists are trying to improve the wind turbine design in order to get the maximum power efficiency from the wind, which is one of the most cheap and common renewable resource in nature. The objective of this study was to design a horizontal wind turbine rotor blade for a site of known wind data in order to extract the maximum power efficiency from the wind by using blade element theory analysis and Q-Blade simulation. Eight different aerofoils of different thicknesses from two NACA family 55xx and 00xx were considered for this study. The four different rotor blades were designed having length of 25 meter. Each blade consists of the combination of these NACA aerofoils which are oriented at different angles of attack and to simulate it at different Reynolds numbers. Comparative study was done to find the optimum blade design by considering the power output at two different rotational speeds and observe the effects of changing chord length and twist angle of final selected blade on these power output.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"7 1","pages":"65-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78455110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Sunspots Influence on Climatic Variability of Karachi and Rohri 太阳黑子对卡拉奇和罗赫里气候变率的影响

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.52.58

Kanwal Aftab, S. A. Jilani

引用次数: 2

Efficacy Studies of Two Iron Supplements Irovit-1 and Irovit-2 两种铁补充剂irovit1和irovit2的疗效研究

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.6.9

Rehana Jafri, Amir Ahmed, Kamran Abro, I. A. Khan, A. Rehman

引用次数: 0

Effect of Reinforced Glass Fibre on the Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 增强玻璃纤维对聚酰胺力学性能的影响

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.10.18

R. Khan, A. Mushtaq

引用次数: 1

Source Rock Potential of Chichali and Samana Suk Formations Deposits in Panjpir Oilfield Subsurface, Punjab Platform, Pakistan 巴基斯坦旁遮普省Panjpir油田地下Chichali和Samana Suk组烃源岩潜力

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.59.64

Syed Bilawal Ali Shah, Syed Bilawal Ali Shah, Adeeb Ahmed, Muhammad Nofal Munir

{"title":"Source Rock Potential of Chichali and Samana Suk Formations Deposits in Panjpir Oilfield Subsurface, Punjab Platform, Pakistan","authors":"Syed Bilawal Ali Shah, Syed Bilawal Ali Shah, Adeeb Ahmed, Muhammad Nofal Munir","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.59.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.59.64","url":null,"abstract":"By using total organic carbon (TOC) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis analysis measurements, the hydrocarbon source rock potential of Chichali and Samana Suk formations found in the subsurface of Panjpir oilfield in Punjab platform located in the eastern part of the middle Indus Basin was investigated. Twenty two core samples were collected from producing well. The analysed samples of Chichali formation contains TOC ranging between 0.99-4.61 wt.% having average TOC of 1.51 wt.% and the S2 values of Rock-Eval show the poor to fair generative potential with values ranging from 0.99-3.08 mg HC/g rock. The samples have low hydrogen index values ranging from 21-302 mg HC/g TOC and also most of the samples have low T_(max ) values ranging from 422-432 °C and have OI values ranging from 15-82 mg CO2/g TOC. Samana Suk formation samples have TOC ranging between 0.28-1.38 wt.% having average TOC of 0.84 wt.%. S2 values of Rock-Eval shows poor generative potential with values ranging from 0.05-2.99 mg HC/g rock. The samples have low hydrogen index values ranging from 13-322 mg HC/g TOC and T_(max) values ranging from 423-435 °C, and have OI values ranging from 41-182 mg CO2/g TOC. On the basis of analysis performed only one sample from Chichali and five samples of Samana Suk formations have entered early maturity zone, while all remaining samples lie in immature zone as indicated by HI vs T_(max) plot. HI vs OI plot and HI vs T_ (max) indicates the presence of kerogen Type III. All of the samples from Samana Suk formation shows poor generative potential as compared to Chichali formation having fair generative potential as indicated by S2 vs TOC plot. Hence, from the results some minor gas could be expected to have been generated from Chichali formation in Panjpir oilfield subsurface.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"93 1","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81690628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Experimental Investigation of the Influence of Stacking Sequence and Delamination Size on the Natural Frequencies of Delaminated Composite Plate 叠层顺序和分层尺寸对分层复合材料板固有频率影响的实验研究

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.76.83

M. Imran, R. Khan, S. Badshah

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of the Influence of Stacking Sequence and Delamination Size on the Natural Frequencies of Delaminated Composite Plate","authors":"M. Imran, R. Khan, S. Badshah","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.76.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.PHYS.SCI.64.1.2021.76.83","url":null,"abstract":"The vibration properties of the composite structures is critical to the reliability and durability of the structures. Vibration becomes worst in case the delamination is present within laminates. In this research work, experimental, finite element and analytical techniques have been applied in order to analyze the influence of stacking sequence and delamination sizes on the natural frequencies of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite (CFRP) plate with and without delamination. The boundary conditions in this research work was (SSSS) (all sides simply supported. Experiments were performed to study the vibration characteristics of (CFRP) delaminated composite plate. Software package ABQUS was used to model and analyze the vibration response of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite plate for (SSSS) boundary condition and the effect of stacking sequence and delamination size was calculated. Rayleigh- Ritz Method was used to find the natural frequencies for different delamination sizes and stacking sequences. The results was concluded that natural frequencies were significantly affected by the delamination sizes and stacking sequences. Stacking sequence of (0/90/45/90) showed higher values of natural frequencies in lower mode subjected to all-sides simply supported boundary conditions. It was interesting to see that there were small differences in values of natural frequencies among the stacking sequences for lower modes but the difference gradually increased in case of higher modes.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"1 1","pages":"76-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82184466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Accumulation and Translocation of Micro-Nutrients in Soil and Plants of Orchard and Non-Orchard Fields 果园与非果园地土壤和植物微量养分的积累与转运

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2020-11-13 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.187.198

N. Khan, M. Nafees, T. Saeed, Abdullah Khan, A. Bashir

{"title":"Accumulation and Translocation of Micro-Nutrients in Soil and Plants of Orchard and Non-Orchard Fields","authors":"N. Khan, M. Nafees, T. Saeed, Abdullah Khan, A. Bashir","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.187.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.187.198","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted in the Plum orchard zone of district Peshawar. The study was aimed to investigate the levels of different micronutrients in the orchard soil and crop in corresponding to non-orchards. For this purpose, samples of soil and seasonal crop (wheat crop) were collected from both orchard and non-orchard fields. The collected samples were analyzed for various metals such as Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni and Co through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that in orchard soils, mean concentrations of Mn (486.9 mg/Kg), Cu (81.66 mg/Kg), Cd (2.21 mg/Kg), Cr (54.2 mg/Kg) and Ni (27.9 mg/Kg) were observed above their allowable limits. Similarly, in orchard wheat crops, a higher accumulation of Fe (416.1 mg/Kg), Cu (18.6 mg/Kg), Cr (1.5 mg/Kg) and Cd (0.63 mg/Kg) was calculated in the wheat grain/seed part. In non-orchards, all metals were found at safe levels. Analysis of the irrigation water revealed higher limits of Mn (0.06 mg/L), Fe (1.94 mg/L), Cd (1.29 mg/L), Cr (3.14 mg/L) and Ni (1.23 mg/L). Geo-accumulation Index showed a moderate and heavy level of contamination in orchard soils (Igeo. <1, 2). Higher uptakes of Mn (0.81) and Cu (0.87) were calculated in wheat crops of orchards through Transfer Factor (TF). Based on the observations, it is concluded that metals enrichment in orchard fields can be attributed due to excessive applications of fungicide sprays, fertilizers and contaminated water sources that introduce trace-elements into the soil and are subsequently absorbed by plants. Therefore, it is considered important to take appropriate measures to monitor the soils, crops and water for different micronutrients.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"54 1","pages":"187-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83751447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature Regimes on Seeds Germination and Growth Parameters of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes at Early Seedling Stage 温度对小麦种子萌发及生长参数的影响苗期早期的基因型

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2020-11-13 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.214.225

S. Hussain, Q. Chachar, S. Chachar, Bahram Khan Chachar, W. A. Jatoi, M. Siddiqui, Rafiq Ahmad Rindh

{"title":"Temperature Regimes on Seeds Germination and Growth Parameters of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes at Early Seedling Stage","authors":"S. Hussain, Q. Chachar, S. Chachar, Bahram Khan Chachar, W. A. Jatoi, M. Siddiqui, Rafiq Ahmad Rindh","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.214.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.214.225","url":null,"abstract":"To observe the effect of high temperatures stresses i.e., normal (25 °C), high (30 °C) and very high (35 °C) stress, on germination and seedling growth on wheat genotypes a water culture study was conducted under controlled conditions (growth incubators). Eighteen newly developed wheat lines (DH- I, DH-3, DH-4, DH-5, DH-6, DH-7, DH-8, DH-10, DH-11, DH-12, DH-13, DH-14, DH-15, DH-16, DH-18, DH-19, DH-20 and DH-21) were tested along with two local checks i.e., Kiran-95 and LU-26s. There was a gradual reduction in germination and seedling growth at 30 °C and 35 °C. Among the tested genotypes the genotype DH-16 showed least reduction i.e. only 2.27% reduction in germination at 35 °C. On the other hand the genotype DH-6 showed maximum reduction (28.09%) at 35 °C. High temperature stresses also affected on other growth parameters i.e. shoot and root length (cm), fresh and dry matter (g) of shoot and root and the moisture contents. It is based on relative reduction over control in various growth parameters at very high temperature stress (35 °C), four genotypes viz., DH-3, DH-5, DH-8 and DH-13 appeared as tolerant, nine genotypes i.e., DH-1, DH-4, DH-7, DH-10, DH-11, DH-14, DH-18, and LU-26s appeared as medium tolerant and two as medium sensitive i.e. DH-6 and DH-16. On the other hand six genotypes viz., DH-12, DH-15, DH-19, DH-20, DH-21 and Kiran-95 showed sensitivity 35 °C over 25 °C. It is therefore concluded that the genotypes DH-3, DH-5 and DH-13 can be cultivated on heat prone areas of Pakistan especially in Sindh province.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"24 1","pages":"214-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82294452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation and Insilico Analysis of Genes Involved in Hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退相关基因的评估与计算机分析

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2020-11-13 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.163.168

A. Masood, H. Mubeen, N. Iqbal

引用次数: 0

Isolation, Cloning and Characterization of a Constitutive Plant from Potato Aquaporin Gene 马铃薯水通道蛋白基因组成植株的分离、克隆及特性研究

Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research Pub Date : 2020-11-13 DOI: 10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.169.178

H. Mubeen, R. Naqvi, A. Masood, M. Saleem, A. Bashir, S. Raza

{"title":"Isolation, Cloning and Characterization of a Constitutive Plant from Potato Aquaporin Gene","authors":"H. Mubeen, R. Naqvi, A. Masood, M. Saleem, A. Bashir, S. Raza","doi":"10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.169.178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52763/PJSIR.BIOL.SCI.63.3.2020.169.178","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIP1) are the most common integral membrane proteins belong to a larger family of intrinsic aquaporin proteins. They are member of aquaporin gene family and have gained importance as highly expressed genes in plants. In this study, the promoter of aquaporin PIP1 gene was identified, analyzed and retrieved from high throughput genomic sequence (HTGS) database. The cis-acting regulatory elements, transcription start sites and transcription factor binding sites of selected promoter were identified through different bio-informatics tools. Many light responsive, phytohormone, stress and defense related cis-regulatory elements were detected in PIP1 promoter region indicating its role as a constitutive promoter. The PIP1 promoter was isolated from Solanum tuberosum. It was initially cloned in TA vector (pTZ57R/T) and later transferred to plant expression binary vectors, pGR1 and pGA482 for transient and stable expression studies in tobacco. The GUS expression results of PIP1 promoter in different tobacco tissues showed its functional importance in regulating gene expression in a constitutive manner. Further, it was concluded that the PIP1 aquaporin promoter is constitutively expressed with a strength equivalent to CaMV 2x35S promoter. These findings indicated the significance of isolated promoter for genetic engineering of plants for crop improvement.","PeriodicalId":19784,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research","volume":"48 1","pages":"169-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88059391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0