Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal最新文献

The Impact of DNA Analysis Technology on the Rate of NAGPRA Repatriations DNA 分析技术对 NAGPRA 遣返率的影响

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.228

Emily Kane

引用次数: 0

Regulation of Feeding Behavior by Optogenetic Activation of Inputs to Lateral Hypothalamus 通过光遗传激活下丘脑外侧的输入调节进食行为

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.220

Hassan Choudhry, Kuldeep Shrivastava, Vikshar Athreya, Mark Rossi

{"title":"Regulation of Feeding Behavior by Optogenetic Activation of Inputs to Lateral Hypothalamus","authors":"Hassan Choudhry, Kuldeep Shrivastava, Vikshar Athreya, Mark Rossi","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.220","url":null,"abstract":"The bed nucleus stria terminalis (BNST) and parabrachial nucleus (PBN) are two brain regions in correspondence with the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) that are responsible for regulating feeding behavior in mice. It is acknowledged that increasing the activity of GABAergic BNST inputs (which release the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA) to the LHA inhibits LHA glutamate neurons and increases feeding, whereas increasing activity of glutamatergic PBN inputs (which release the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate) to the LHA excites local glutamate neurons and decreases feeding. Obesity is a prevalent problem in our society, and therefore it is important to understand the reasons behind excessive food intake habits of humans. To address this issue, we tested for effects of activating the BNST-LHA and PBN-LHA pathways in relation to the satiety state of the mice. We stimulated the BNST and PBN inputs to LHA in fasted and fed mice. We tested the effects of Satiety State (fed vs. fasted) and stimulation Frequency (5-40 Hz) on sucrose seeking behavior of two Groups of mice (ChR2 vs YFP controls). The BNST-LHA pathway tended to show a general increase in feeding behaviors, while the PBN-LHA pathway did not show a significant effect of activation. From these results, further studies can be conducted to explore more about these neural pathways and the mechanisms underlying feeding behaviors. On a broader scale, these findings can inform future therapeutics that could help prevent unhealthy eating habits and obesity.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"14 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140657868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Electoral College’s Impact on Presidential Mandates and Agendas 选举团对总统任务和议程的影响

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.230

Bilal Ahmed

{"title":"The Electoral College’s Impact on Presidential Mandates and Agendas","authors":"Bilal Ahmed","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.230","url":null,"abstract":"The Electoral College is the method used in every four years to elect the President of the United States. Given that the Electoral College gives the power to elect the president to state-casted votes, the system has in recent years become a source of growing controversy given how two presidents, George Bush in 2000 and Donald Trump in 2016, without winning the national popular vote. These elections and the public discourse around them have brought new life to the purpose and impacts of the Electoral College. \u0000This paper uses key presidential elections, including those of John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, Benjamin Harrison, Woodrow Wilson, Donald Trump, and Joe Biden, give insight on how the Electoral College should now be understood. In particular, this paper examines the implications of the Electoral College on one fundamental question: Does election to the presidency via the Electoral College route fundamentally affect the ability of a president to govern effectively? \u0000Examining these elections, the context around and impact after these elections, and modern United States political history shows that when the Electoral College is not an extraordinary or exceptionally notable part of an election cycle, the Electoral College does not fundamentally affect the president’s ability to command public and political support required to effectively govern. However, when the Electoral College does become a point of focus during a presidential election and in the beginning of a president’s term, it has wide-ranging impacts. In particular, the College can shape the political and public mandate the president has to lead, shaping their overall agenda for their time in office; cause biases to arise towards certain states and conservative politics; and undermine their ability to serve as a unifying figure. With each modern election having an increased focus on the Electoral College, the system is likely to cause increased polarization and tension with each passing election if serious reforms are not undertaken.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Systematic Literature Review on the Intersection of Experiential and Multimedia Learning With Virtual Reality and Its Implications 关于体验式学习和多媒体学习与虚拟现实的交叉及其影响的系统性文献综述

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.239

Rut Mehta, Claudia Santacruz, Brianna Lischy

{"title":"A Systematic Literature Review on the Intersection of Experiential and Multimedia Learning With Virtual Reality and Its Implications","authors":"Rut Mehta, Claudia Santacruz, Brianna Lischy","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.239","url":null,"abstract":"This literature review examines the current literature and research surrounding the foundations and applications of experiential and multimedia learning in virtual reality environments. Eleven insightful research papers are discussed, detailing the efforts and results of multimedia learning and experiential learning in virtual reality independently, not combined. The literature, and consequently the literature review, heavily pulls from Kolb’s Experiential Learning model and Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. We find a general trend suggesting the efficacy of creating experiential learning-based lessons and the efficacy of multimedia learning formats. However, based on the literature, combining these two theories and techniques may result in higher student engagement and content retention. This literature review also explores the thresholds for sensory stimuli fidelities necessary to create meaningful, effective, immersive virtual reality content. However, further research will be required to measure attention, retention, and information recall in different virtual reality and multimedia lesson formats, as well as engagement and positive emotions associated with learning.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140653793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Political Balance in Fox News 福克斯新闻中的政治平衡

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.222

Nianlong Dai, Beth Leech

{"title":"Political Balance in Fox News","authors":"Nianlong Dai, Beth Leech","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.222","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of media prosperity, Fox News, as the most significant political news provider in the United States (According to Pew Research Center’s research, 16 percent of participants consider Fox News their primary source of political news, which is higher than any other media), influences the political orientation of voters to manipulate election results through various means, such as overemphasizing, reporters’ interpreting, and disregarding news, etc. In order to make their reporting seem more objective and reliable, politically biased media may gain credibility for themselves by covering more news with different political perspectives during non-significant times, which is called political balancing. In order to verify whether political balancing exists in the mainstream media, sixty Fox News reports during the period of 2016 election were randomly selected and analyzed. According to the result, Fox News put statistically significant more positive coverage of Democrats after the Republican candidate, Donald Trump, won the 2016 election. The findings of this research are substantial since awareness of the media’s political balancing will benefit voters in making rational choices for consequential elections. Meanwhile, political balancing could be necessary for researchers conducting studies of journalism.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140658609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Classification of Fall Out Boy Eras Fall Out Boy 年代分类

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.232

Shifra Issacs, Joseph Yudelson, Endre Boros

{"title":"Classification of Fall Out Boy Eras","authors":"Shifra Issacs, Joseph Yudelson, Endre Boros","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.232","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explored the use of machine learning techniques to differentiate between two different musical eras of the same rock band, including the technique of Logistic Regression.\u0000Logistic regression (LR) is a widely used statistical modeling method for binary classification in supervised machine learning. It is often used to predict whether a given event belongs to one of two categories. The process helps data scientists understand which variables are good predictors of class membership. Applications of logistic regression include loan classification in the financial industry and predicting susceptibility to disease in the medical field.\u0000In this particular project, a dataset was constructed using data from Spotify and Genius consisting of songs and lyrics written by the band Fall Out Boy. A logistic regression model was developed from scratch to classify the songs and lyrics into one of two eras of the band: before their 2009 hiatus and afterward. The study aimed to determine if a computer could differentiate between the two eras. The model was also tested against other binary classification algorithms, including Random Forest and Support Vector Machines.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140658213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical Activity and Pain During Pregnancy 孕期运动与疼痛

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.223

Sarah Velez, Traci A. McCarthy, Andrea Spaeth

{"title":"Physical Activity and Pain During Pregnancy","authors":"Sarah Velez, Traci A. McCarthy, Andrea Spaeth","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.223","url":null,"abstract":"Low back and pelvic girdle pain are prevalent during pregnancy, impacting about 50% of pregnant women. Previous studies conducted on the general population have suggested that physical activity has been associated with reductions in pain levels.\u0000Purpose: To determine if women with higher levels of physical activity experience less low back and pelvic girdle pain and lower disability scores than women who are less physically active.\u0000Methods: Pregnant women (n=24, 32.2 ± 4.1 years) were recruited between 28- and 32-weeks gestation. Participants reported their weekly physical activity, responded to subjective pain surveys, and underwent a battery of objective pain testing. Spearman’s-rho was used to assess correlations between physical activity scores and each subjective pain measure.\u0000Results: Tests for correlation between pregnancy physical activity scores and pain domain measures were not significant (ps>0.05), so no relationship could be determined between physical activity levels and low back/pelvic girdle pain based on this study.\u0000Conclusion: This study was not able to identify a significant correlation between physical activity levels and low back/pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship Between Biophysical Properties of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and their Associated Drug Efficacies 抗菌肽 (AMP) 的生物物理特性与其相关药效之间的关系

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.238

Alisha Zhu

{"title":"Relationship Between Biophysical Properties of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and their Associated Drug Efficacies","authors":"Alisha Zhu","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.238","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health threat. One consequence is that patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are prone to developing antibiotic resistant lung infections caused by multiple strains of bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Due to the limited number of treatment options for patients with chronic antibiotic resistant infections, there is a need for finding new antibiotics that allow for effective eradication of bacterial infections, such as those in the CF lung. Many antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been annotated in databases and are considered as potential alternatives for current antibiotics. However, in many instances, the suitability of AMPs as drug molecules has not been extensively explored. Here, we propose that certain molecular properties of AMPs favor high antibiotic efficacy. Using information from AMP databases, we combined statistical analyses and machine learning techniques to identify relationships between various biophysical properties of AMPs and their drug efficacies. Analyses from classification and regression trees (CART) and random forests suggest that net charge and maximum average hydrophobic moment are the most important properties in determining if a peptide is useful against P. aeruginosa infections in CF patients. Maximum average hydrophobic residue, average alpha helix propensity score, hydrophobic proportion, and peptide length still contribute to this determination but to lesser degrees. Cation-pi interactions, on the other hand, do not appear to factor into this decision at all. Based on these properties, our current work is focused on designing and experimentally testing new peptides that may have activity against P. aeruginosa infections.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140657666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assimilation: How Post-9/11 Government Tactics Have Hindered Muslims From Socioeconomic Integration 同化：9/11 事件后政府的策略如何阻碍穆斯林融入社会经济生活

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.236

Tahsin Mostofa

{"title":"Assimilation: How Post-9/11 Government Tactics Have Hindered Muslims From Socioeconomic Integration","authors":"Tahsin Mostofa","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i5.236","url":null,"abstract":"The devastating attacks of 9/11 left life-changing impacts on how the world viewed national security. The United States, at its epicenter, formally overhauled its government strategies and approaches in assured attempts to prevent such occurrences ever again. Thus, the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security and the implementation of policies reflected new behaviors towards individuals from certain religious or geographic background. While successfully eliminating the recurrence of terrorist attacks of such scale, these extreme approaches vociferosly affected the United States’ Muslim population —many whom have immigrated in pursuit of the ‘American Dream’— from integrating into society. \u0000This paper seeks to establish that post-9/11 policies have perpetuated anti-Muslim bias in the minds of the American people, thus impacting the Muslim population’s ability to integrate into society: measured by sections of Milton Gordon’s assimilation theory. Muslim-Americans are vulnerable to unjust constraints or responsibility for the extremist few, all by a governing body established to serve the interests of all its citizens. Studying the extent these tactics have affected Muslim-Americans highlight limitations of the justice system and reveal calls to action where adequate support should be given. Publicly isolating people ties a negative connotation to their existence, which can cause wider society to disassociate themselves from isolated individuals.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140653183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Making A Dent in the Obesity Equation via Coupling Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes with Fruit and Vegetable Subsidies 通过将含糖饮料税与水果和蔬菜补贴相结合，在肥胖问题上取得进展

Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i4.209

Sarah Pfreundschuh

{"title":"Making A Dent in the Obesity Equation via Coupling Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes with Fruit and Vegetable Subsidies","authors":"Sarah Pfreundschuh","doi":"10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i4.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14713/arestyrurj.v1i4.209","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity rates continue to rise in children and adults alike in the United States and represent a significant threat to public health and economic well-being. Many factors have contributed to the obesity equation, including the widespread availability and appeal of ultra-processed food and drink. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) represent one such drink, as a critical examination of the available evidence reveals a clear link between their consumption and increased risks of obesity and related conditions such as type 2 diabetes. Taxing SSB purchases therefore presents a potentially valuable means of making a dent in the contribution of one key risk factor to the obesity equation, though the beverage industry has fought against the enactment of these taxes and has instead promoted a generally unclear public health stance on SSBs. This paper explores existing SSB excise taxes that have been implemented in recent years, focusing especially on Philadelphia’s tax as a case study for examining the behavioral changes associated with SSB taxes and the management of SSB tax revenue. It then suggests that SSB tax revenue be directly funneled into the subsidization of fruits and vegetables to maximize the obesity-fighting potential of these relatively novel excise taxes.","PeriodicalId":196784,"journal":{"name":"Aresty Rutgers Undergraduate Research Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127201456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0