Paediatrica Indonesiana最新文献

{"title":"Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Indonesian version of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Rheumatology Module (PedsQL-RM) questionnaire for children with rheumatic diseases","authors":"G. Ilmana, Z. Munasir, N. Chozie, B. Medise","doi":"10.14238/pi63.3.2023.136-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.3.2023.136-45","url":null,"abstract":"Background Quality of life is an important outcome in the management of children with chronic conditions such as rheumatic diseases. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Rheumatology Module (PedsQL-RM) questionnaire has been proven valid and reliable, but a validated Indonesian version of the questionnaire is not yet available. \u0000Objective To translate the PedsQL-RM into the Indonesian language, perform a transcultural adaptation, and assess its validity. \u0000Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in patients aged 2 to 18 years with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. The initial phase of the study consisted of forward translation from the original English version into Indonesian, synthesis by experts, backward translation, and cognitive debriefing, resulting in the final version of the questionnaire. The second phase was testing the final questionnaire on patients in each age group and their parents. Tests were carried out in two sessions with an interval of 2 to 4 weeks. The questionnaire consisted of a child report and a parent report, each measuring five dimensions: pain and hurt, activities, treatment, worry, and communication. We subsequently assessed validity and reliability of each dimension in the child and parent reports for the child and teen age groups. Validity was expressed as correlation coefficient (r) between dimension scores with the total score. \u0000Results The finalized Indonesian questionnaire was completed by 53 children aged 2-18 years with SLE or JIA and their parents. Due to small numbers of subjects in the younger age ranges, analysis was only performed in the 8-to-18-year age group. Validity varied from good to very good (r = 0.437 to 0.910) for the child report and from poor to good (r = 0.153 to 0.808) for the parent report. The questionnaire was deemed reliable, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.755 to 0.785. \u0000Conclusion The Indonesian version of the PedsQL-RM is valid and reliable for assessing quality of life in children aged 8 to 18 years with rheumatologic disease. Further study is needed to assess the validity and reliability of the tool for children aged 2 to 7 years.","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77105190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The management of febrile seizures by pediatricians in Indonesia: adherence to 2016 Indonesian Pediatric Society recommendations and influencing factors","authors":"Amanda Soebadi, Rivaldo Suhito, S. Handryastuti","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.119-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.119-28","url":null,"abstract":"Background Although febrile seizures are generally benign, judicious management is needed to prevent inadequate or excessive management. In 2016, the Indonesian Pediatric Society (IPS) issued Recommendations for the Management of Febrile Seizures, but it is unclear whether pediatricians follow these recommendations in their clinical practice. \u0000Objectives To evaluate adherence to the 2016 IPS Recommendations for the Management of Febrile Seizures amongst pediatricians in Indonesia, as well as factors influencing adherence. \u0000Methods An anonymous online questionnaire was distributed by e-mail to IPS member pediatricians. We collected data on age, year of completion of pediatric residency or subspecialty training, practice region, type of practice, number of febrile seizure patients managed per month, and history of attending teaching sessions on the recommendations. We scored participants’ adherence to the recommendations in terms of pharmacologic treatment, ancillary testing, and prognosis. We also analyzed the difference in scores according to participant characteristics. \u0000Results Of 308 participants, 247 (80%) obtained a total adherence score of 50% or more of the highest possible score. Median total adherence score was 63.2% (range 20.6% to 100%) of the highest possible score. Median adherence scores were significantly higher in pediatricians who were 31 to 60-years-old vs. >60-years-old (64.7% vs. 52.9%, P=0.004), completed their residency training within the past <10 years vs. >10 years (64.7% vs. 61.8%, P=0.034), practiced in hospitals vs. clinics or private practices (61.8% vs. 50.0%, P=0.006), were aware vs. unaware of the recommendations (64.7% vs. 52.9%, P=0.02), and had vs. had not read the recommendations (62.7% vs. 50.0%, P=0.01). Most participants (93.5%) reported the recommendations to be feasible in their settings. Obstacles to implementation included lack of medication availability (8/20), lack of time to read the recommendations (8/20), lack of awareness of the recommendations (2/20), and limited infrastructure (2/20). \u0000Conclusions Most pediatricians in Indonesia have moderately good adherence to the 2016 IPS Recommendations for the Management of Febrile Seizures. Awareness of the recommendations needs to be raised further and limitations in medication distribution and infrastructure need to be overcome for better adherence.","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88547641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of multiple relapses of Henoch-Schonlein purpura","authors":"Afrilia Intan Pratiwi, Sumadiono Sumadiono, M. Sitaresmi","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.134-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.134-8","url":null,"abstract":"Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is an acute immunoglobulin A (IgA)–mediated disorder characterized by generalized vasculitis. HSP commonly occurs in children. The annual worldwide incidence is 13-20 per 100,000 children under 17 years of age.1–3 It is characterized by non-thrombocytopenic palpable purpura mostly located on the dependent parts like lower extremities and buttocks, arthralgia/arthritis, bowel angina, and hematuria/proteinuria. HSP pathophysiology is not yet completely understood. Genetic factors are thought to drive the fundamental susceptibility and clinical manifestations. Proposed triggering factors include upper respiratory tract infections, medications, vaccinations, and malignancies. Disease course is usually benign and self-limited. Even though the prognosis is generally good, recurrences or relapses are common within 1 year of initial presentation.4","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78639896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of CD4 cell counts and viral load with cystatin C level in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection","authors":"Wita Rostania, A. Alam, D. Hilmanto","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.88-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.88-95","url":null,"abstract":"Background The ease of access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved both survival rate and comorbidities in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Impaired kidney function is one of the most common comorbidities of HIV. CD4 and viral load can be used to monitor HIV progression and to determine the effectiveness of ART. The most commonly used estimated-glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) technique is to use serum creatinine but often causes late detection of kidney dysfunction while serum cystatin increases at the beginning of the GFR decrease. This supports cystatin C serum as an early diagnostic tool to detect kidney function or biomarker early kidney disorders. \u0000Objective To evaluate a possible association between serum cystatin C as a marker of kidney function and HIV progression through CD4 levels and viral load. \u0000Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted through evaluation of secondary data from medical and laboratory records of pediatric patients who had routine visits to the HIV Clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, in January-February 2020. \u0000Results Sixty subjects were reviewed in the study. Median cystatin C-based eGFR was 28.1mL/minute/1.73m2. Subjects were categorized by viral load result into <40 and ?40 copies/mL. The median serum cystatin C was significantly higher [3.7 (range 2.61–6.55) mg/L] in the >40 copies/mL viral load group than the <40 copies/mL group [2.4 (range 0.26–13.61) mg/L]. The median absolute CD4 count, CD4 percentage, and cystatin C were 776 (range 7–1644) cells/mm3, 27.5 (range 1.6–57.4) %, and 3 (range 0.26–13.61) mg/L, respectively. There were no significant correlations (r=-0.2; P=0.1) between CD4 and serum cystatin C \u0000 Conclusion Higher viral load associates with higher cystatin C level, while CD4 shows no correlation to cystatin C. However, patients with low CD4 tend to have increased cystatin C level. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85793367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of pneumonia in children with suspected/confirmed COVID-19","authors":"Rizal Marubob Silalahi, W. Dalimunthe, Rita Evalina, J. Harahap, B. Lubis, I. Lubis","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.57-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.57-64","url":null,"abstract":"Background The most common COVID-19 infection clinical features in pediatric patients are similar to those of other pulmonary diseases, i.e., fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Information about the characteristics of coinfection and superinfection in COVID-19 cases can reduce misdiagnosis and differentiate COVID-19 from other pulmonary infections. \u0000Objective To observe the characteristics of pneumonia in children with suspected/confirmed COVID-19. \u0000Methods This descriptive study used medical record data of children hospitalized from 1 January 2020 – 31 January 2021 to describe the characteristics of pneumonia in suspected and \u0000confirmed COVID-19 cases in Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatra. Pneumonia-related findings, such as clinical symptoms, chest X-ray, and blood test results,were collected. \u0000Results There were 27 confirmed and 34 suspected COVID-19 children. Most of them were aged 6 to 8 years. Pneumonia was significantly associated with COVID-19. In confirmed COVID-19 cases, fever persisted after 3 days, with cough and shortness of breath. Patients did not have flu symptoms, but had below normal SpO2 (81-90%). The occurrence of lung rhonchi was significant in confirmed COVID-19 group. Chest X-ray results showed lung opacity in all confirmed COVID-19 patients. Mean white blood cell (WBC)  count was significantly lower in COVID-19 confirmed (3.49x103/µL) vs. suspected group (17.9 x103/µL) (P=0.011). Mean CRP was significantly higher in COVID-19 confirmed (26.5 mg/L) vs. suspected group (4 mg/L). \u0000Conclusion Pneumonia with confirmed COVID-19 cases present with longer fever and lower SpO2. Patients are presented with lung ronchi, had lower WBCcount, and higher CRP. Chest X-ray shows opacity and consolidation.","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78233380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of mortality in children with neuroblastoma","authors":"Rusida Harjayanti Sanindya Arum, Kristia Hermawan, P. Widjajanto, S. Sutaryo","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.73-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.73-9","url":null,"abstract":"Background Neuroblastoma is an extracranial solid tumor originating from neural crest cells which failed to properly migrate. Neuroblastoma is commonly found in children under 12 months of age. The survival rate of these patients is still relatively low, both in developed countries and Indonesia. \u0000Objective To determine whether age, sex, primary tumor location, degree of cell differentiation, and patient compliance are associated with the survival of children with neuroblastoma at Dr.Sardjito Hospital. \u0000Methods This retrospective cohort study included pediatric neuroblastoma patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Central Java, between January 2012 to September 2020, however there has been no evaluation about survival of neuroblastoma. We collected secondary data from medical records and registration data of pediatric cancer patients in the Pediatric Hematology Oncology Department of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, we matched te data based on medicals records and manual data in the ward and olyclinic, which included age at diagnosis, sex, primary tumor location, degree of cell differentiation, and patient adherence to therapy. To confirm weather the information about survived or death, apart from medical record we do tracking by telephone to the parent. \u0000Results we do the observation and calculating based on our retrospective data , Of 54 pediatric neuroblastoma patients, 54% were female. The median length of observation was 13.25 months, with an incidence rate of 62/100 person-years and a median survival of 13 months from the time of diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate in our study was 21.3%. Multivariate analysis revealed that stage IV patients had higher risk of death (HR 10.9; 95%CI 1.47 to 81.01; P=0.02) compared to other stages. Sub-group follow-up analysis revealed no significant difference in stage IV male patients compared to female patients (HR 1.62; 95%CI 0.81 to 3.22; P=0.172). The survivial in group with primary tumor location outside the adrenal medulla and stage IV was not significantly different from patients whose tumor location was unknown (HR 2.45; 95%CI 0.71 to 8.43; P=0.155). The group whose primary tumor location was in the adrenal medulla did not have a significant difference in survival compared to patients whose primary tumor location was unknown (HR 2.09; 95%CI 0.84 to 5.22; P=0.114). \u0000Conclusion The predictor factors studied are not significantly associated with mortality in children with neuroblastoma.","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76608161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the importance of clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters associated with progression to severe dengue in children","authors":"I. Sandinirwan, Bani Muslim, H. Leo, H. Hasanah, P. P. Karina","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.102-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.102-18","url":null,"abstract":"Background The ability to predict the progression to severe dengue is crucial in managing patients with dengue fever. Severe dengue is defined by one or more of the following signs: severe plasma leakage, severe bleeding, or severe organ involvement as it can be a life-threatening condition if left untreated. \u0000Objective To identify clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters associated with dengue hemorrhagic fever disease progression in children by systematic review and meta-analysis. \u0000Methods We searched six medical databases for studies published from Jan 1, 2000, to Dec 31, 2020. The meta-analysis used random-effects or fixed-effects models to estimate pooled effect sizes. We assessed heterogeneity using Cochrane Q and I2 statistics, publication bias by Egger’s test and LFK index (Doi plot), and categorized subgroup analysis by country. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021224439. \u0000Results We included 49 papers in the systematic review, and we encased the final selected 39 papers comprising 23 potential predictors in the meta-analyses. The other 10 papers were not included because the raw data could not be calculated for the effect measure in the meta-analysis. Among 23 factors studied, seven clinical manifestations demonstrated association with disease progression in children, including neurological signs, gastrointestinal bleeding, clinical fluid accumulation, hepatomegaly, vomiting, abdominal pain, and petechiae. Six laboratory parameters were associated during the early days of illness, including elevated hematocrit, aspartate aminotransferase [AST], and alanine aminotransferase [ALT], low platelet count, low albumin levels, and elevated activated partial thromboplastin time. Dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) and secondary infections were also associated with severe disease progression. \u0000 Conclusion This review supports the use of the warning signs described in the 2009 WHO guidelines. In addition, monitoring serum albumin, AST/ALT levels, identifying infecting dengue serotypes, and immunological status can improve the prediction of further risk of disease progression.","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89960600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive factors of advanced chronic kidney disease in children with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract","authors":"Dea Puspitarini, E. S. Herini, C. D. Satria, Kristia Hermawan","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.96-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.96-101","url":null,"abstract":"Background Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. Delayed diagnosis of CAKUT due to lack of universal screening (such as prenatal ultrasound screening or postnatal ultrasound screening in neonates with risk of CAKUT) has led to more cases of advanced CKD in children. CKD has high morbidity and mortality, and early detection is required to prevent the progression of CKD. \u0000Objective To determine the factors that predict the development of advanced CKD in children with CAKUT. \u0000Methods This retrospective cohort study included children with CAKUT at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia from January 2016 to February 2021. Patients who were diagnosed with CAKUT were followed up to 5 years or until the onset of advanced CKD. Advanced CKD was defined as a decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 30mL/min/1.73m2 based on the revised Schwartz formula. CKD progression-free survival was determined with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. \u0000Results Among 62 subjects with CAKUT, 7 (11.3%) subjects progressed to advanced CKD. The mean time of advanced CKD progression was 52.2 (95%CI 46.9 to 57.5) months. The overall incidence rate was 22 per 1,000 person-years. Based on Kaplan-Meier analysis, children with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m2 at the time of diagnosis had more rapid progression to advanced CKD than patients with eGFR ?60 mL/min/1.73m2 [40.2 (95%CI 33.4 to 46.6) months vs. 58.2 95%CI 46.9 to 57.5) months; P=0.02, respectively]. \u0000Conclusion Reduced eGFR at the time of diagnosis showed rapid progression to advanced CKD.","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77241620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperthyroid crisis with cholestasis in a 12-year-old girl: a case report","authors":"Celine Celine, N. Utami","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.129-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.129-33","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperthyroidism is considered to be an emergency in children. Death can occur in 10-20% of cases. This condition is found more often in adolescents and girls. Cholestasis may be caused by the hyperthyroidism or side effects of anti-thyroid drugs. Increased hepatic blood flow without adequate oxygen supply as a result of a hypermetabolic state affects the transport of bilirubin, leading to cholestasis.","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85337028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior mesenteric artery blood flow in infants of very preterm and very low birthweight and its related factors","authors":"Evita B. Ifran, Wresti Indriatmi, Tetty Yuniarti, Nadjib Advani, S. Sungkar, Dewi Irawati Soeria Santoso, R. Rohsiswatmo, Y. Vandenplas, B. Hegar","doi":"10.14238/pi63.2.2023.80-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14238/pi63.2.2023.80-7","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Abstract \u0000 \u0000Background Significant hemodynamic changes in preterm infants during early life could have consequences, especially on the intestinal blood flow. Alteration of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) blood flow may lead to impairment in gut function and feeding intolerance. \u0000Objectives To assess SMA blood flow velocity in very preterm and/or very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in early life and to elucidate the factors influencing them. \u0000Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in NICU at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) blood flow was evaluated by peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index (RI) measurement using Color Doppler US at < 48 hours after birth. Maternal and neonatal data that could be potentially associated with SMA blood flow were obtained. Bivariate analyses were conducted with a P value of < 0.05 considered significant. \u0000Results We examined 156 infants eligible for the study. PSV, EDV, and RI of SMA blood flow were not related to both gestational age and birth weight. Infant with small for gestational age (SGA) showed significantly lower EDV median [15.5 (range 0.0-32.8) vs 19.4 (range 0.0-113.0)] and higher RI [0.80 (range 0.58-1.00) vs 0.78 (range 0.50-1.00)] compared to appropriate for gestational age (AGA).  Infants born from mother with preeclampsia showed lower PSV median [(78.2 (range 32.0-163.0) vs 89.7 (range 29.2-357.0)]) and EDV [16.2 (range 0.0-48.5) vs 19.4 (range 0.0-113.0)] compared to without PE, while absent/reverse end-diastolic velocity (AREDV) revealed a lower EDV median [16.9 (range 0.0 – 32.4) vs 19.4 (range 0.0 – 113.0)] compared to no AREDV. Furthermore, infants with hs-PDA showed lower EDV median [16.2 (range 0.0-113.0) vs 19.4 (range 0.0-71.1)] but higher RI median [0.80 (range 0.50-1.00) vs 0.78 (range 0.55-1.00)] compared to non hs-PDA. No difference in SMA blood flow across other factors was observed.","PeriodicalId":19660,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75151295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}